This commit disables the "quotes" substitutions on specific XML
examples that require to use the reserved `#` character.

Issue: SPR-14074

Issue: SPR-13664

Issue: SPR-14012

Previously, a package private `@ManagedResource` annotated bean was
registered to the JMX domain even if any attempt to invoke an operation
on it will fail since it has to be public.

This commit validates that any `@ManagedResource` annotated bean is
public and throws an InvalidMetadataException otherwise. Note that the
actual bean type does not have to be public as long as the class
annotated with `@ManagedResource` in the hierarchy is pubic and no extra
operations or attributes are defined on the child.

Issue: SPR-14042

Issue: SPR-14003

Prior to this commit, the @ContextConfiguration annotation was required
to be present even if default XML files, Groovy scripts, or
@Configuration classes were detected; however, in such cases the
@ContextConfiguration was typically declared empty and therefore
seemingly unnecessary boilerplate.

This commit permits @ContextConfiguration to be omitted whenever it can
be reasonably deduced. Consequently, integration tests such as the
following are now supported.

    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    public class MyTest {

        @Autowired String myBean;

        @test public void example() { /* ... */ }

        @Configuration
        static class Config {

            @Bean String myBean() {
                return "Hello";
            }
        }
    }

Issue: SPR-13955

Issue: SPR-13972

Closes gh-985

Issue: SPR-13978

Prior to this commit, `ServletWebRequest.checkNotModified` would only
support conditional GET/HEAD requests with "If-Modified-Since" and/or
"If-None-Match" request headers. In those cases, the server would return
"HTTP 304 Not Modified" responses if the resource didn't change.

This commit adds support for conditional update requests, such as
POST/PUT/DELETE requests with "If-Unmodified-Since" request headers.
If the underlying resource has been modified since the specified date,
the server will return a "409 Precondition failed" response status
to prevent concurrent updates.

Even if the modification status of the resource is reversed here
(modified vs. not modified), we're keeping here the same intent for the
return value, which signals if the response requires more processing or
if the handler method can return immediately:

```
if (request.checkNotModified(lastModified)) {
  // shortcut exit - no further processing necessary
  return null;
}
```

Issue: SPR-13863

This commit introduces the following common composed annotations for
@RequestMapping in Spring MVC and Spring MVC REST.

- @GetMapping
- @PostMapping
- @PutMapping
- @DeleteMapping
- @PatchMapping

Issue: SPR-13992

This commit introduces the following common composed annotations for
web scopes.

- @RequestScope
- @SessionScope
- @ApplicationScope

Issue: SPR-13993

In order to align with the relaxed programming models of TestNG and the
upcoming JUnit 5 (with regard to method visibility), this commit
removes the requirement that @BeforeTransaction and @AfterTransaction
methods must be 'public'.

Issue: SPR-13997

This commit introduces a SpringRunner extension of
SpringJUnit4ClassRunner that is intended to be used as an 'alias' for
SpringJUnit4ClassRunner, primarily in order to simplify configuration
of JUnit 4 based integration tests.

Developers can use this alias as follows:

    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    public class MySpringIntegrationTests { ... }

Issue: SPR-13954

Issue: SPR-11365

MockRestServicesServer now supports an expect variant that accepts
a range of expected count of executions.

Issue: SPR-11365

This commit adds weak ETag support in ShallowEtagHeaderFilter.
This improves the behavior of the filter in tow ways:

* weak ETags in request headers such as `W/"0badc0ffee"` will be
compared with a "weak comparison" (matching both weak and strong ETags
of the same value)
* when enabled with the "writeWeakETag" init param, the filter will
write weak Etags in its HTTP responses

Issue: SPR-13778

Closes gh-960

Closes gh-681
Issue: SPR-13940

Issue: SPR-12047

Issue: SPR-13402

Issue: SPR-13894

Issue: SPR-13894

This is in line with the current behavior of HttpServlet that would
have been in used with dispatchOptionsRequest on the DispatcherSerlvet
set to false (the default prior to 4.3).

Issue: SPR-13130

Issue: SPR-13845

Issue: SPR-13130

Prior to this change SpEL did not have an syntactic
construct enabling easy access to a FactoryBean. With this
change it is now possible to use &foo in an expression when
the factory bean should be returned.

Issue: SPR-9511

Spring MVC Test now parses application/x-www-form-urlencoded request
content and populates request parameters from it.

This can be useful when running client-side tests against a MockMvc
via MockMvcClientHttpRequestFactory.

Issue: SPR-13733

Issue: SPR-13044

Issue: SPR-10087

Previously, if a database needs to be initialized with several scripts
and many (or all) use a custom separator, said separator must be repeated
for each script.

This commit introduces a `separator` property at the parent element level
that can be used to customize the default separator. This is available
for both the `initialize-database` and `embedded-database` elements.

Issue: SPR-13792

Issue: SPR-13578

Issue: SPR-13547

Issue: SPR-13815