There was a case with the hashed-password which had multiple equal signs in the
value and it wasn't being parsed correctly. This uses a new function and adds a
few tests.

This uses argon2 instead of bcrypt.

Note: this means the hash functions are now async which means we have to
refactor a lot of other code around auth.

Remove the Mac directory copy instead of refactoring it since we've had
this for a long time now and I think it's safe to assume that users
running code-server on Mac don't have the old directory anymore.

That allows its use in entry.ts as well.

Required for access under iPad.

Now we add a subject alt name, set extendedKeyUsage and use the
correct certificate extension.

The above allow it to be properly trusted by iOS.

See https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT210176

*.cert isn't a real extension for certificates, *.crt is correct
for it to be recognized by e.g. keychain or when importing as a profile
into iOS.

Updates #1566

I've been able to successfully connect from my iPad Pro now to my
code-server instance with a self signed certificate! Next commit
will be docs.

Closes #1778

Fixes #1659
Fixes #1642

Closes #1502

I temporarily removed this during the refactor so it needed to be added
back. This time I bundled it with the nbin loader code since it's all
related (will also make it easier to remove).

Fixes issues with unexpected characters breaking things when setting the
cookie (like semicolons).

This change as-is does not affect the security of code-server
itself (we've just replaced the static password with a static hash) but
if we were to add a salt in the future it would let us invalidate keys
by rehashing with a new salt which could be handy.

Fixes #1062.

Fixes #929.