* Modify common functions in adc.c to accept ADC handle.
* Most external channels are connected to ADC12 which is used by default.
* For ADCAll (internal channels) ADC3 is used instead.
* Issue #4435 is possibly related (at least partially fixed).

Signed-off-by: NDamien George <damien@micropython.org>

These are found when building with -Wfloat-conversion.

Using new options enabled in the uncrustify configuration.

This is run with uncrustify 0.70.1, and black 19.10b0.

This commit adds mp_raise_msg_varg(type, fmt, ...) as a helper for
nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(type, fmt, ...)).  It makes the
C-level API for raising exceptions more consistent, and reduces code size
on most ports:

   bare-arm:   +28 +0.042%
minimal x86:  +100 +0.067%
   unix x64:   -56 -0.011%
unix nanbox:  -300 -0.068%
      stm32:  -204 -0.054% PYBV10
     cc3200:    +0 +0.000%
    esp8266:   -64 -0.010% GENERIC
      esp32:  -104 -0.007% GENERIC
        nrf:  -136 -0.094% pca10040
       samd:    +0 +0.000% ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M4_EXPRESS

Set to 810 cycles following HAL examples.

The call to is_adcx_channel is redundant because the channel is already
checked just before calling adc_init_single in adc_make_new.

Use NB_TO_CHANNEL to map decimal numbers to channel numbers.  And use the
correct rank to initialize channels (ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1).

STM32F0 has PCLK=48MHz and maximum ADC clock is 14MHz so use PCLK/4=12MHz
to stay within spec of the ADC peripheral.  In pyb.ADC set common sampling
time to approx 4uS for internal and external sources.  In machine.ADC
reduce sample time to approx 1uS for external source, leave internal at
maximum sampling time.

Fixes issue #4794.

Includes:
- Support for CAN3.
- Support for UART9 and UART10.
- stm32f413xg.ld and stm32f413xh.ld linker scripts.
- stm32f413_af.csv alternate function mapping.
- startup_stm32f413xx.s because F413 has different interrupt vector table.
- Memory configuration with: 240K filesystem, 240K heap, 16K stack.

The L432 does not have: GPIOD, TIM3, SPI2, ADC dual mode operation, 2-banks
flash.

This increases the precision of the ADC.

They need time (around 4us for VREFINT) to obtain accurate results.

Fixes issue #4022.

This part is functionally similar to STM32F767xx (they share a datasheet)
so support is generally comparable.  When adding board support the
stm32f767_af.csv and stm32f767.ld should be used.

And increase sampling time to get better results for internal channels.

Prior to this patch, if VBAT was read via ADC.read() or
ADCAll.read_channel(), then it would remain enabled and subsequent reads
of TEMPSENSOR or VREFINT would not work.  This patch makes sure that VBAT
is disabled for all cases that it could be read.

With this and previous patches the stm32 port can now be compiled using
object representation D (nan boxing).  Note that native code and frozen mpy
files with float constants are currently not supported with this object
representation.

On this 32-bit arch there's no need to use the long version of the format
specifier.  It's only there to appease the compiler which checks the type
of the args passed to printf.  Removing the "l" saves a bit of code space.

This makes ADCAll work correctly on L4 MCUs.

ADC3 is used because the H7's internal ADC channels are connected to ADC3
and the uPy driver doesn't support more than one ADC.

Only 12-bit resolution is supported because 12 is hard-coded and 14/16 bits
are not recommended on some ADC3 pins (see errata).

Values from internal ADC channels are known to give wrong values at
present.

The only configuration that changes with this patch is that on L4 MCUs the
clock prescaler changed from ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV2 to ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV1
for the ADCAll object.  This should be ok.

A value of DISABLE for EOCSelection is invalid.  This would have been
interpreted instead as ADC_EOC_SEQ_CONV, but really it should be
ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV for the uses in this code.  So this has been fixed.

ExternalTrigConv should be ADC_SOFTWARE_START because all ADC
conversions are started by software.  This is now fixed.

Saves 200 bytes of code space.