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  <div class="section" id="ios">
<span id="ios"></span><h1>iOS平台编译指南<a class="headerlink" href="#ios" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p>交叉编译iOS平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库,需要在MacOS系统上进行。本文的将介绍在MacOS上,从源码交叉编译iOS平台上适用的PaddlePaddle库。</p>
<div class="section" id="">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>准备交叉编译环境<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>Apple官方为iOS开发提供了完整的交叉编译工具和集成开发环境,用户从App Store下载安装Xcode即可。也可自行前往官网下载,<a class="reference external" href="https://developer.apple.com/cn/xcode/">Xcode</a>。安装完成之后,可在命令行执行<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xcodebuild</span> <span class="pre">-version</span></code>,判断是否安装成功。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ xcodebuild -version
Xcode <span class="m">9</span>.0
Build version 9A235
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="">
<span id="id2"></span><h2>配置交叉编译参数<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>PaddlePaddle为交叉编译提供了工具链配置文档<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/cmake/cross_compiling/ios.cmake">cmake/cross_compiling/ios.cmake</a>,以提供一些默认的编译器和编译参数配置。</p>
<p>交叉编译iOS版本的PaddlePaddle库时,有一些必须配置的参数:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME</span></code>,CMake编译的目标平台,必须设置为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iOS</span></code>。在设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=iOS</span></code>后,PaddlePaddle的CMake系统会自动编译所有的第三方依赖库,并且强制设置一些PaddlePaddle参数的值(<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_C_API=ON</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_GPU=OFF</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_AVX=OFF</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_PYTHON=OFF</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_RDMA=OFF</span></code>)。</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_C_API</span></code>,是否编译C-API预测库,必须设置为ON。在iOS平台上只支持使用C-API来预测。</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_SWIG_PY</span></code>,必须设置为ON。在iOS平台上不支持通过swig调用来训练或者预测。</li>
</ul>
<p>iOS平台可选配置参数:</p>
<ul>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_PLATFORM</span></code>,可设置为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OS/SIMULATOR</span></code>,默认值为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OS</span></code></p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OS</span></code>,构建目标为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">arm</span></code>架构的iPhone或者iPad等物理设备。</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SIMULATOR</span></code>,构建目标为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x86</span></code>架构的模拟器平台。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_ARCH</span></code>,目标架构。针对不同的<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_PLATFORM</span></code>,可设置的目标架构如下表所示,默认编译所有架构:</p>
  <table class="docutils">
  <colgroup>
    <col width="35%" />
    <col width="65%" />
  </colgroup>
  <thead valign="bottom">
    <tr class="row-odd">
    <th class="head">IOS_PLATFORM</th>
    <th class="head">IOS_ARCH</th>
  </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody valign="top">
    <tr class="row-even">
    <td>OS</td>
    <td>armv7, armv7s, arm64 </td>
  </tr>
  <tr class="row-odd">
    <td>SIMULATOR</td>
    <td>i386, x86_64 </td>
  </tr>
  </tbody>
  </table></li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET</span></code>,最小的iOS部署版本,默认值为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">7.0</span></code></p>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_ENABLE_BITCODE</span></code>,是否使能<a class="reference external" href="https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/IDEs/Conceptual/AppDistributionGuide/AppThinning/AppThinning.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40012582-CH35-SW3">Bitcode</a>,可设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ON/OFF</span></code>,默认值为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ON</span></code></p>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS</span></code>,是否使用<a class="reference external" href="https://developer.apple.com/documentation/accelerate/veclib">vecLib</a>框架进行BLAS矩阵计算,可设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ON/OFF</span></code>,默认值为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code></p>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_DEVELOPMENT_ROOT</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Developer</span></code>目录,可显式指定为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/path/to/platform/Developer</span></code>。若未显式指定,PaddlePaddle将会根据<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_PLATFORM</span></code>自动选择<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Xcode</span></code>对应<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">platform</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Developer</span></code>目录。</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_SDK_ROOT</span></code>,所使用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SDK</span></code>的根目录,可显式指定为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">/path/to/platform/Developer/SDKs/SDK</span></code>。若未显式指定,PaddlePaddle将会自动选择<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_DEVELOPMENT_ROOT</span></code>目录下最新的<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SDK</span></code>版本。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>其他配置参数:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">USE_EIGEN_FOR_BLAS</span></code>,是否使用Eigen库进行矩阵计算,在<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS=OFF</span></code>时有效。可设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ON/OFF</span></code>,默认值为<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code></li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HOST_C/CXX_COMPILER</span></code>,宿主机的C/C++编译器。默认值为环境变量<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CC/CXX</span></code>的值;若环境变量<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CC/CXX</span></code>未设置,则使用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cc/c++</span></code>编译器。</li>
</ul>
<p>常用的cmake配置如下:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME<span class="o">=</span>iOS <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_PLATFORM<span class="o">=</span>OS <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_ARCH<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;armv7;arm64&quot;</span> <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_ENABLE_BITCODE<span class="o">=</span>ON <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS<span class="o">=</span>ON <span class="se">\</span>
      -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX<span class="o">=</span>your/path/to/install <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_C_API<span class="o">=</span>ON <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_TESTING<span class="o">=</span>OFF <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_SWIG_PY<span class="o">=</span>OFF <span class="se">\</span>
      ..
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME<span class="o">=</span>iOS <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_PLATFORM<span class="o">=</span>SIMULATOR <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_ARCH<span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;x86_64&quot;</span> <span class="se">\</span>
      -DIOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS<span class="o">=</span>ON <span class="se">\</span>
      -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX<span class="o">=</span>your/path/to/install <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_C_API<span class="o">=</span>ON <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_TESTING<span class="o">=</span>OFF <span class="se">\</span>
      -DWITH_SWIG_PY<span class="o">=</span>OFF <span class="se">\</span>
      ..
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>用户还可根据自己的需求设置其他编译参数。比如希望最小化生成库的大小,可以设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">MinSizeRel</span></code>;若希望得到最快的执行速度,则可设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Release</span></code>。亦可以通过手动设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_C/CXX_FLAGS</span></code>来影响PaddlePaddle的编译过程。</p>
<p><strong>性能TIPS</strong>,为了达到最快的计算速度,在CMake参数配置上,有以下建议:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</span></code><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Release</span></code></li>
<li>设置<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">IOS_USE_VECLIB_FOR_BLAS=ON</span></code>,调用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">vecLib</span></code>框架提供的BLAS函数进行矩阵计算。</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="">
<span id="id3"></span><h2>编译和安装<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>CMake配置完成后,执行以下命令,PaddlePaddle将自动下载和编译所有第三方依赖库、编译和安装PaddlePaddle预测库。</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ make
$ make install
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>注意:如果你曾在源码目录下编译过其他平台的PaddlePaddle库,请先使用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rm</span> <span class="pre">-rf</span></code>命令删除<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">third_party</span></code>目录和<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">build</span></code>目录,以确保所有的第三方依赖库和PaddlePaddle代码都是针对新的CMake配置重新编译的。</p>
<p>执行完安装命令后,<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">your/path/to/install</span></code>目录中会包含以下内容:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">include</span></code>目录,其中包含所有C-API的头文件</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lib</span></code>目录,其中包含PaddlePaddle的C-API静态库</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">third_party</span></code>目录,其中包含所依赖的所有第三方库</li>
</ul>
<p>注意,如果PaddlePaddle库需要同时支持真机和模拟器,则需要分别编译真机和模拟器版本,然后使用<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lipo</span></code>工具合并fat库。</p>
<p>自此,PaddlePaddle库已经安装完成,用户可将合成的fat库用于深度学习相关的iOS App中,调用方法见C-API文档。</p>
</div>
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