test_collective_api_base.py

# Copyright (c) 2020 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import os
import pickle
import socket
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import unittest
from contextlib import closing

import numpy as np
from paddle_bfloat import bfloat16

import paddle
import paddle.distributed as dist
import paddle.fluid as fluid
from paddle.distributed.utils.nccl_utils import get_nccl_version_str
from paddle.fluid import core


def create_bool_test_data(shape=None, seed=None):
    if seed:
        np.random.seed(seed)
    data = np.random.choice([True, False], size=shape)
    return data


def create_float_test_data(shape=None, dtype=None, seed=None):
    if seed:
        np.random.seed(seed)
    data = np.random.random(shape).astype(dtype)
    return data


def create_int_test_data(shape=None, dtype=None, seed=None):
    if seed:
        np.random.seed(seed)
    data = np.random.randint(0, high=12, size=shape).astype(dtype)
    return data


def create_complex_test_data(shape=None, dtype=None, seed=None):
    if seed:
        np.random.seed(seed)
    data = np.random.random(shape).astype(dtype)
    data.imag = np.random.random(shape)
    return data


def create_pyobject_test_data(shape=None, seed=None):
    if seed:
        np.random.seed(seed)
    list_shape = np.random.randint(0, high=100, size=(2)).tolist()
    list_data = np.random.random(shape).tolist()
    dict_key = [i for i in range(0, shape[0])]
    dict_val = np.random.random(shape).tolist()
    dict_data = dict(zip(dict_key, dict_val))
    return [list_data, dict_data]


def create_test_data(shape=None, dtype=None, seed=None):
    assert shape, "Shape should be specified"
    if dtype == "float32" or dtype == "float16" or dtype == "float64":
        return create_float_test_data(shape=shape, dtype=dtype, seed=seed)
    elif dtype == "bfloat16":
        # since numpy does not support bfloat16 yet, use `paddle_bfloat` to replace
        return create_float_test_data(shape=shape, dtype=bfloat16, seed=seed)
    elif dtype == "bool":
        return create_bool_test_data(shape=shape, seed=seed)
    elif (
        dtype == "int32"
        or dtype == "int64"
        or dtype == "int8"
        or dtype == "uint8"
    ):
        return create_int_test_data(shape=shape, dtype=dtype, seed=seed)
    elif dtype == "complex64" or dtype == "complex128":
        return create_complex_test_data(shape=shape, dtype=dtype, seed=seed)
    elif dtype == "pyobject":
        return create_pyobject_test_data(shape=shape, seed=seed)
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError("Unsupported dtype for creating test data.")


class TestCollectiveAPIRunnerBase:
    def get_model(
        self, train_prog, startup_prog, rank, indata=None, dtype=None
    ):
        raise NotImplementedError(
            "get model should be implemented by child class."
        )

    def run_trainer(self, args):
        train_prog = fluid.Program()
        startup_prog = fluid.Program()
        endpoints = args["endpoints"].split(",")
        rank = args["trainerid"]
        current_endpoint = args["currentendpoint"]
        nranks = 2
        if args["use_comm_context"]:
            paddle.distributed.collective._init_parallel_env(args["backend"])
        else:
            paddle.distributed.init_parallel_env()
        if args['backend'] == 'nccl':
            device_id = int(os.getenv("FLAGS_selected_gpus", "0"))
            place = fluid.CUDAPlace(
                device_id
            )  # if args.use_gpu else fluid.CPUPlace()
        elif args['backend'] == 'bkcl':
            device_id = int(os.getenv("FLAGS_selected_xpus", "0"))
            place = fluid.XPUPlace(device_id)
        else:
            place = fluid.CPUPlace()
        indata = create_test_data(
            shape=(10, 1000), dtype=args["dtype"], seed=os.getpid()
        )
        if args['static_mode']:
            result = (
                self.get_model_new(
                    train_prog,
                    startup_prog,
                    rank,
                    dtype=args['dtype'],
                    reduce_type=args['reduce_type'],
                )
                if args["use_comm_context"]
                else self.get_model(train_prog, startup_prog, rank)
            )
            exe = fluid.Executor(place)
            exe.run(startup_prog)
            fetch_list = []
            for elem in result:
                fetch_list.append(elem.name)
            out = exe.run(
                train_prog, feed={'tindata': indata}, fetch_list=fetch_list
            )
        else:
            out = self.get_model(train_prog, startup_prog, rank, indata)
            # print(out, sys.stderr)
        sys.stdout.buffer.write(pickle.dumps(out))


def runtime_main(test_class, col_type):
    args = {}
    model = test_class()
    args["trainerid"] = int(os.getenv("PADDLE_TRAINER_ID"))
    args["trainernum"] = int(os.getenv("PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM"))
    args["endpoints"] = os.getenv('PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS')
    args["currentendpoint"] = os.getenv("PADDLE_CURRENT_ENDPOINT")
    args["col_type"] = col_type
    args["backend"] = os.getenv("BACKEND")
    args["path_id"] = int(os.getenv("PATH_ID"))
    args["static_mode"] = int(os.getenv("STATIC_MODE"))
    args["dtype"] = os.getenv("DTYPE")
    args["reduce_type"] = os.getenv("REDUCE_TYPE")
    args["use_comm_context"] = bool(int(os.getenv("USE_COMM_CONTEXT", "0")))
    model.run_trainer(args)


class TestDistBase(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self._port_set = set()
        self._trainers = 2
        self._ps_endpoints = "127.0.0.1:%s,127.0.0.1:%s" % (
            self._find_free_port(),
            self._find_free_port(),
        )
        self._python_interp = sys.executable
        self._master_endpoints = "127.0.0.1:%s" % (self._find_free_port())

        self.temp_dir = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()

        # NOTE: this is a hack to get int format nccl version, like 2134
        # if current platform is not linux, version number will be 0
        nccl_version_str = get_nccl_version_str()
        self._nccl_version = (
            int("".join(nccl_version_str.split("."))) if nccl_version_str else 0
        )

    def tearDown(self):
        self.temp_dir.cleanup()

    def _find_free_port(self):
        def __free_port():
            with closing(
                socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            ) as s:
                s.bind(('', 0))
                return s.getsockname()[1]

        while True:
            port = __free_port()
            if port not in self._port_set:
                self._port_set.add(port)
                return port

    def _run_cluster(self, model_file, envs):
        worker_endpoints = self._ps_endpoints.split(",")
        w0_ep, w1_ep = worker_endpoints
        # print("w0_ep:",w0_ep," w1_ep:",w1_ep)
        if core.is_compiled_with_cuda():
            env0 = {
                "FLAGS_selected_gpus": "0",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ID": "0",
                "PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM": "2",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS": self._ps_endpoints,
                "PADDLE_CURRENT_ENDPOINT": w0_ep,
                "PADDLE_MASTER": self._master_endpoints,
            }

            env1 = {
                "FLAGS_selected_gpus": "1",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ID": "1",
                "PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM": "2",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS": self._ps_endpoints,
                "PADDLE_CURRENT_ENDPOINT": w1_ep,
                "PADDLE_MASTER": self._master_endpoints,
            }
        elif core.is_compiled_with_xpu():
            env0 = {
                "FLAGS_selected_xpus": "0",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ID": "0",
                "PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM": "2",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS": self._ps_endpoints,
                "PADDLE_CURRENT_ENDPOINT": w0_ep,
            }

            env1 = {
                "FLAGS_selected_xpus": "1",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ID": "1",
                "PADDLE_TRAINERS_NUM": "2",
                "PADDLE_TRAINER_ENDPOINTS": self._ps_endpoints,
                "PADDLE_CURRENT_ENDPOINT": w1_ep,
            }
        # update environment
        env0.update(envs)
        env1.update(envs)
        if os.getenv('WITH_COVERAGE', 'OFF') == 'ON':
            tr_cmd = "%s -m coverage run --branch -p %s"
        else:
            tr_cmd = "%s %s"
        tr0_cmd = tr_cmd % (self._python_interp, model_file)
        tr1_cmd = tr_cmd % (self._python_interp, model_file)
        path0 = os.path.join(
            self.temp_dir.name, "/tmp/tr0_err_%d.log" % os.getpid()
        )
        path1 = os.path.join(
            self.temp_dir.name, "/tmp/tr1_err_%d.log" % os.getpid()
        )
        tr0_pipe = open(path0, "w")
        tr1_pipe = open(path1, "w")
        # print(tr0_cmd)
        tr0_proc = subprocess.Popen(
            tr0_cmd.strip().split(),
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=tr0_pipe,
            env=env0,
        )

        tr1_proc = subprocess.Popen(
            tr0_cmd.strip().split(),
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=tr1_pipe,
            env=env1,
        )

        tr0_out, tr0_err = tr0_proc.communicate()
        tr1_out, tr1_err = tr1_proc.communicate()
        sys.stderr.write('trainer 0 stderr: %s\n' % tr0_err)
        sys.stderr.write('trainer 1 stderr: %s\n' % tr1_err)
        # close trainer file
        tr0_pipe.close()
        tr1_pipe.close()
        with open(path0, "r") as f:
            sys.stderr.write('trainer 0 stderr file: %s\n' % f.read())
        with open(path1, "r") as f:
            sys.stderr.write('trainer 1 stderr file: %s\n' % f.read())
        return (
            pickle.loads(tr0_out),
            pickle.loads(tr1_out),
            tr0_proc.pid,
            tr1_proc.pid,
        )

    def check_with_place(
        self,
        model_file,
        col_type,
        backend="nccl",
        path_id="0",
        static_mode="1",
        check_error_log=False,
        need_envs={},
        eager_mode=True,
        dtype=None,
        reduce_type=None,
    ):
        if backend == "nccl" or backend == "bkcl":
            with_gloo = '0'
        else:
            with_gloo = '1'
        required_envs = os.environ.copy()
        dtype = "float32" if dtype is None else dtype
        reduce_type = dist.ReduceOp.SUM if reduce_type is None else reduce_type
        additional_envs = {
            "NCCL_P2P_DISABLE": "1",
            "STATIC_MODE": static_mode,
            "PADDLE_WITH_GLOO": with_gloo,
            "PADDLE_DISTRI_BACKEND": backend,
            "BACKEND": backend,
            "PATH_ID": path_id,
            "DTYPE": dtype,
            "REDUCE_TYPE": str(reduce_type),
        }
        required_envs.update(additional_envs)
        required_envs.update(need_envs)
        if check_error_log:
            required_envs["GLOG_v"] = "3"
            required_envs["GLOG_logtostderr"] = "1"
            required_envs["GLOO_LOG_LEVEL"] = "TRACE"

        if os.getenv('NVIDIA_TF32_OVERRIDE', '') is not None:
            required_envs['NVIDIA_TF32_OVERRIDE'] = os.getenv(
                'NVIDIA_TF32_OVERRIDE', ''
            )

        tr0_out, tr1_out, pid0, pid1 = self._run_cluster(
            model_file, required_envs
        )
        input1 = create_test_data(shape=(10, 1000), dtype=dtype, seed=pid0)
        input2 = create_test_data(shape=(10, 1000), dtype=dtype, seed=pid1)
        # cast bfloat16 to float32 for numeric comparison
        if dtype == "bfloat16":
            input1 = input1.astype("float32")
            input2 = input2.astype("float32")
        if col_type == "allgather":
            need_result = np.vstack((input1, input2))
            tr_out0 = np.vstack((tr0_out[0], tr0_out[1]))
            tr_out1 = np.vstack((tr1_out[0], tr1_out[1]))
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr_out0, need_result, rtol=1e-05)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr_out1, need_result, rtol=1e-05)
        elif col_type == "allgather_object":
            need_result = [input1, input2]
            self.assertEqual(need_result, tr0_out)
            self.assertEqual(need_result, tr1_out)
        elif col_type == "broadcast":
            need_result = input2
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr0_out[0], need_result, rtol=1e-05)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr1_out[0], need_result, rtol=1e-05)
        elif col_type == "broadcast_object_list":
            need_result = [input2]
            self.assertEqual(need_result, tr0_out)
            self.assertEqual(need_result, tr1_out)
        elif col_type == "reduce":
            if reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.SUM:
                need_result = input1 + input2
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.MAX:
                need_result = np.amax([input1, input2], 0)
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.MIN:
                need_result = np.amin([input1, input2], 0)
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.PROD:
                need_result = np.prod([input1, input2], 0)
            # bfloat16 precision loss comes from truncating the last 16 bits of float32,
            # which sums (\sum_{i=-23}^{-8}2^{i}) to about 0.0078
            if dtype == "bfloat16":
                rtol = 8e-03
            else:
                rtol = 1e-05
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr0_out[0], need_result, rtol=rtol)
        elif col_type == "scatter":
            need_result = input2
            need_result1 = need_result[0 : need_result.shape[0] // 2]
            need_result2 = need_result[need_result.shape[0] // 2 :]
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr0_out[0], need_result1, rtol=1e-05)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr1_out[0], need_result2, rtol=1e-05)
        elif col_type == "scatter_object_list":
            need_result = input2
            need_result1 = [need_result[0 : len(need_result) // 2]]
            need_result2 = [need_result[len(need_result) // 2 :]]
            self.assertEqual(need_result1, tr0_out)
            self.assertEqual(need_result2, tr1_out)
        elif col_type == "reduce_scatter":
            need_result = input1 + input2
            need_result1 = need_result[0 : need_result.shape[0] // 2]
            need_result2 = need_result[need_result.shape[0] // 2 :]
            if dtype == "bfloat16":
                rtol = 8e-03
            else:
                rtol = 1e-05
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr0_out[0], need_result1, rtol=rtol)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(tr1_out[0], need_result2, rtol=rtol)
        elif col_type == "allreduce":
            if reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.SUM:
                need_result = input1 + input2
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.MAX:
                need_result = np.amax([input1, input2], 0)
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.MIN:
                need_result = np.amin([input1, input2], 0)
            elif reduce_type == dist.ReduceOp.PROD:
                need_result = np.prod([input1, input2], 0)
            if dtype == "bfloat16":
                rtol = 8e-03
                atol = 8e-03
            else:
                rtol = 1e-05
                atol = 1e-05
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr0_out[0], need_result, rtol=rtol, atol=atol
            )
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr1_out[0], need_result, rtol=rtol, atol=atol
            )
        elif col_type == "parallel_embedding":
            result_data = tr0_out[0]
            np.random.seed(2020)
            need_result = np.random.rand(12, 8)
            for i in range(result_data.shape[0]):
                for j in range(result_data.shape[1]):
                    data = result_data[i][j]
                    np.testing.assert_allclose(
                        tr0_out[1][i][j], need_result[data], atol=1e-08
                    )
        elif col_type == "row_parallel_linear":
            result_data = tr0_out[0]
            np.random.seed(2020)
            weight = np.random.rand(1000, 16)
            need_result = np.matmul(input1, weight)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                result_data, need_result, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
        elif col_type == "column_parallel_linear":
            result_data = tr0_out[0]
            np.random.seed(2020)
            weight = np.random.rand(1000, 16)
            need_result = np.matmul(input1, weight)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                result_data, need_result, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
        elif col_type == "alltoall":
            need_result1 = np.vstack(
                (
                    input1[0 : input1.shape[0] // 2, :],
                    input2[0 : input2.shape[0] // 2, :],
                )
            )
            need_result2 = np.vstack(
                (
                    input1[input1.shape[0] // 2 :, :],
                    input2[input2.shape[0] // 2 :, :],
                )
            )
            tr0_out = np.vstack(tr0_out)
            tr1_out = np.vstack(tr1_out)
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr0_out, need_result1, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr1_out, need_result2, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
        elif col_type == "sendrecv":
            result_data = tr1_out[0]
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                input1, result_data, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
        elif col_type == "global_gather":
            in_feat = 2
            n_expert = 2
            world_size = 2
            tot_expert = n_expert * world_size

            np.random.seed(pid0)
            local_expert_count1 = np.random.randint(
                1, 4, size=tot_expert
            ).astype("int")
            expert_ptr1 = np.ones(tot_expert, dtype=np.int32)
            expert_ptr1[0] = 0
            for i in range(1, tot_expert):
                expert_ptr1[i] = expert_ptr1[i - 1] + local_expert_count1[i - 1]

            np.random.seed(pid1)
            local_expert_count2 = np.random.randint(
                1, 4, size=tot_expert
            ).astype("int")
            expert_ptr2 = np.ones(tot_expert, dtype=np.int32)
            expert_ptr2[0] = 0
            for i in range(1, tot_expert):
                expert_ptr2[i] = expert_ptr2[i - 1] + local_expert_count2[i - 1]

            global_expert_count1 = np.zeros(tot_expert).astype("int")
            global_expert_count2 = np.zeros(tot_expert).astype("int")
            global_expert_count1[0:n_expert] = local_expert_count1[0:n_expert]
            global_expert_count1[n_expert:] = local_expert_count2[0:n_expert]
            global_expert_count2[0:n_expert] = local_expert_count1[n_expert:]
            global_expert_count2[n_expert:] = local_expert_count2[n_expert:]

            np.random.seed(pid0)
            fwd_expert_count = sum(global_expert_count1).astype("int")
            local_input_buf1 = np.random.rand(fwd_expert_count, in_feat).astype(
                "float32"
            )
            np.random.seed(pid1)
            fwd_expert_count = sum(global_expert_count2).astype("int")
            local_input_buf2 = np.random.rand(fwd_expert_count, in_feat).astype(
                "float32"
            )
            output1 = [[], [], [], []]
            output2 = [[], [], [], []]
            send_ptr1 = 0
            send_ptr2 = 0

            for i in range(n_expert):
                for j in range(world_size):
                    idx = j * n_expert + i
                    if j == 0:
                        output1_part1 = local_input_buf1[
                            send_ptr1 : send_ptr1 + global_expert_count1[idx], :
                        ]
                        output1_part2 = local_input_buf2[
                            send_ptr2 : send_ptr2 + global_expert_count2[idx], :
                        ]
                        output1[i].extend(output1_part1)
                        output1[i + n_expert].extend(output1_part2)
                    else:
                        output2_part1 = local_input_buf1[
                            send_ptr1 : send_ptr1 + global_expert_count1[idx]
                        ]
                        output2_part2 = local_input_buf2[
                            send_ptr2 : send_ptr2 + global_expert_count2[idx]
                        ]
                        output2[i].extend(output2_part1)
                        output2[i + n_expert].extend(output2_part2)
                    send_ptr1 = send_ptr1 + global_expert_count1[idx]
                    send_ptr2 = send_ptr2 + global_expert_count2[idx]
            result1 = []
            result2 = []
            for i in range(tot_expert):
                for arr in output1[i]:
                    if arr == []:
                        continue
                    result1.append(arr)
            for i in range(tot_expert):
                for arr in output2[i]:
                    if arr == []:
                        continue
                    result2.append(arr)
            if result1 == []:
                output1 = np.array([])
            else:
                output1 = np.concatenate(result1, axis=0).reshape(
                    sum(local_expert_count1), in_feat
                )
            if result2 == []:
                output2 = np.array([])
            else:
                output2 = np.concatenate(result2, axis=0).reshape(
                    sum(local_expert_count2), in_feat
                )

            if tr0_out[0] is None or tr0_out[0].shape[0] == 0:
                tr0_out[0] = np.array([])

            if tr1_out[0] is None or tr1_out[0].shape[0] == 0:
                tr1_out[0] = np.array([])

            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr0_out[0], output1, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr1_out[0], output2, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
            if static_mode == 0:
                np.testing.assert_allclose(
                    tr0_out[1], 2 * local_input_buf1, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
                )
                np.testing.assert_allclose(
                    tr1_out[1], 2 * local_input_buf2, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
                )

        elif col_type == "global_scatter":
            np.random.seed(pid0)
            local_expert_count1 = np.random.randint(1, 4, size=4).astype("int")
            fwd_expert_count = sum(local_expert_count1)
            local_input_buf1 = np.random.rand(fwd_expert_count, 2).astype(
                "float32"
            )
            expert_ptr1 = np.ones(4, dtype=np.int32)
            expert_ptr1[0] = 0
            for i in range(1, 4):
                expert_ptr1[i] = expert_ptr1[i - 1] + local_expert_count1[i - 1]
            np.random.seed(pid1)
            local_expert_count2 = np.random.randint(1, 4, size=4).astype("int")
            fwd_expert_count = sum(local_expert_count2)
            local_input_buf2 = np.random.rand(fwd_expert_count, 2).astype(
                "float32"
            )
            expert_ptr2 = np.ones(4, dtype=np.int32)
            expert_ptr2[0] = 0
            for i in range(1, 4):
                expert_ptr2[i] = expert_ptr2[i - 1] + local_expert_count2[i - 1]

            output1 = []
            output2 = []
            for i in range(2):
                for j in range(2):
                    idx = j * 2 + i
                    if j == 0:
                        # send data to 0 card
                        output1.append(
                            local_input_buf1[
                                expert_ptr1[idx] : expert_ptr1[idx]
                                + local_expert_count1[idx]
                            ]
                        )
                        output1.append(
                            local_input_buf2[
                                expert_ptr2[idx] : expert_ptr2[idx]
                                + local_expert_count2[idx]
                            ]
                        )
                    else:
                        output2.append(
                            local_input_buf1[
                                expert_ptr1[idx] : expert_ptr1[idx]
                                + local_expert_count1[idx]
                            ]
                        )
                        output2.append(
                            local_input_buf2[
                                expert_ptr2[idx] : expert_ptr2[idx]
                                + local_expert_count2[idx]
                            ]
                        )
            if output1 == []:
                output1 = np.array([])
            else:
                output1 = np.concatenate(output1)
            if output2 == []:
                output2 = np.array([])
            else:
                output2 = np.concatenate(output2)

            if tr0_out[0] is None or tr0_out[0].shape[0] == 0:
                tr0_out[0] = np.array([])

            if tr1_out[0] is None or tr1_out[0].shape[0] == 0:
                tr1_out[0] = np.array([])

            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr0_out[0], output1, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
            np.testing.assert_allclose(
                tr1_out[0], output2, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
            )
            if static_mode == 0:
                np.testing.assert_allclose(
                    tr0_out[1], 2 * local_input_buf1, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
                )
                np.testing.assert_allclose(
                    tr1_out[1], 2 * local_input_buf2, rtol=1e-05, atol=1e-05
                )
        else:
            pass