recurrent_op.cc

/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License. */

#include "paddle/operators/recurrent_op.h"

#include <glog/logging.h>
#include <cstring>
#include <sstream>

#include "paddle/framework/net.h"
#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
#include "paddle/platform/enforce.h"

namespace paddle {
namespace operators {

namespace rnn {

void SegmentInputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
                   const std::vector<Link>& inlinks,
                   const size_t seq_len,
                   bool infer_shape_mode) {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(!inlinks.empty(), "no in links are provided.");
  for (size_t i = 0; i < inlinks.size(); ++i) {
    auto input_var = step_scopes[0]->FindVar(inlinks[i].external);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(input_var != nullptr,
                   "input link [%s] is not in scope.",
                   inlinks[i].external);
    Tensor* input = input_var->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    DDim dims = input->dims();
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(static_cast<size_t>(dims[0]) == seq_len,
                   "all the inlinks must have same length");
    DDim step_dims = slice_ddim(dims, 1, dims.size());
    for (size_t j = 0; j < seq_len; j++) {
      Tensor* step_input =
          step_scopes[j]->NewVar(inlinks[i].internal)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
      if (!infer_shape_mode) {
        *step_input = input->Slice<float>(j, j + 1);
      }
      step_input->Resize(step_dims);
    }
  }
}

void ConcatOutputs(const std::vector<Scope*>& step_scopes,
                   const std::vector<Link>& outlinks,
                   const size_t seq_len,
                   bool infer_shape_mode) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < outlinks.size(); i++) {
    auto output_var = step_scopes[0]->FindVar(outlinks[i].external);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(output_var != nullptr,
                   "output link [%s] is not in scope.",
                   outlinks[i].external);
    Tensor* output = output_var->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    if (infer_shape_mode) {
      DDim step_dims = step_scopes[0]
                           ->FindVar(outlinks[i].internal)
                           ->GetMutable<Tensor>()
                           ->dims();
      std::vector<int> dims_vec = vectorize(step_dims);
      dims_vec.insert(dims_vec.begin(), seq_len);
      output->Resize(make_ddim(dims_vec));
    } else {
      output->mutable_data<float>(platform::CPUPlace());
      for (size_t j = 0; j < seq_len; j++) {
        Tensor* step_output =
            step_scopes[j]->FindVar(outlinks[i].internal)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
        // TODO(luotao02) data type and platform::DeviceContext() should set
        // correctly
        (output->Slice<float>(j, j + 1))
            .CopyFrom<float>(*step_output, platform::CPUPlace());
      }
    }
  }
}

void LinkMemories(const std::vector<Scope*>& scopes,
                  const std::vector<rnn::MemoryAttr>& memories,
                  const size_t step_id,
                  const int offset,
                  bool infer_shape_mode) {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(step_id < scopes.size(),
                 "step [%d] is out of range of step scopes' size [%d]",
                 step_id,
                 scopes.size());
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(static_cast<int>(step_id) + offset >= 0,
                 "offset [%d] must be large than -[%d]",
                 offset,
                 step_id);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(step_id + offset < scopes.size(),
                 "offset [%d] is out of range, it must be less than (%d - %d)",
                 offset,
                 scopes.size(),
                 step_id);
  auto scope = scopes[step_id];
  auto linked_scope = scopes[step_id + offset];
  for (auto& attr : memories) {
    auto mem = scope->FindVar(attr.pre_var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    auto linked_mem = linked_scope->FindVar(attr.var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    if (infer_shape_mode) {
      mem->Resize(linked_mem->dims());
    } else {
      mem->ShareDataWith<float>(*linked_mem);
    }
  }
}

void InitArgument(const ArgumentName& name,
                  Argument* arg,
                  const OperatorBase& op) {
  arg->step_net = op.Input(name.step_net);
  arg->step_scopes = op.Output(name.step_scopes);

  auto inlinks = op.Inputs(name.inlinks);
  auto inlink_alias = op.GetAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.inlink_alias);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(inlinks.size() == inlink_alias.size(),
                 "the size of inlinks and inlink_alias don't match:%d,%d",
                 inlinks.size(),
                 inlink_alias.size());
  for (size_t i = 0; i < inlinks.size(); ++i) {
    rnn::Link link;
    link.external = inlinks[i];
    link.internal = inlink_alias[i];
    (arg->inlinks).push_back(link);
  }

  auto outlinks = op.Outputs(name.outlinks);
  auto outlink_alias = op.GetAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.outlink_alias);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(outlinks.size() == outlink_alias.size(),
                 "the size of outlinks and outlink_alias don't match:%d,%d",
                 outlinks.size(),
                 outlink_alias.size());
  for (size_t i = 0; i < outlinks.size(); ++i) {
    rnn::Link link;
    link.external = outlinks[i];
    link.internal = outlink_alias[i];
    (arg->outlinks).push_back(link);
  }

  auto boot_memories = op.Inputs(name.boot_memories);

  // attributes
  auto memories = op.GetAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.memories);
  auto pre_memories = op.GetAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.pre_memories);

  PADDLE_ENFORCE(memories.size() == boot_memories.size(),
                 "the size of memories, boot_memories don't match:%d,%d",
                 memories.size(),
                 boot_memories.size());
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(pre_memories.size() == boot_memories.size(),
                 "the size of pre_memories, boot_memories don't match:%d,%d",
                 pre_memories.size(),
                 boot_memories.size());
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(memories.size() > 0, "more than 1 memories should be set");

  for (size_t i = 0; i < memories.size(); ++i) {
    rnn::MemoryAttr mem_attr;
    mem_attr.var = memories[i];
    mem_attr.pre_var = pre_memories[i];
    mem_attr.boot_var = boot_memories[i];
    (arg->memories).push_back(mem_attr);
  }
}

}  // namespace rnn

void RecurrentAlgorithm::InferShape(const Scope& scope) const {
  seq_len_ = scope.FindVar((arg_->inlinks[0]).external)
                 ->GetMutable<Tensor>()
                 ->dims()[0];
  CreateScopes(scope);
  auto step_scopes = GetStepScopes(scope);
  rnn::SegmentInputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->inlinks, seq_len_, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  InitMemories(step_scopes[0], true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  Variable* net = scope.FindVar(arg_->step_net);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(net != nullptr, "failed to get step net");
  for (size_t i = 0; i < seq_len_; i++) {
    if (i > 0) {
      rnn::LinkMemories(
          step_scopes, arg_->memories, i, -1, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
    }
    net->GetMutable<NetOp>()->InferShape(*step_scopes[i]);
  }
  rnn::ConcatOutputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->outlinks, seq_len_, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
}

void RecurrentAlgorithm::Run(const Scope& scope,
                             const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const {
  auto step_scopes = GetStepScopes(scope);
  rnn::SegmentInputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->inlinks, seq_len_, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  InitMemories(step_scopes[0], false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  Variable* net = scope.FindVar(arg_->step_net);

  for (size_t step_id = 0; step_id < seq_len_; step_id++) {
    if (step_id > 0) {
      rnn::LinkMemories(
          step_scopes, arg_->memories, step_id, -1, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
    }
    net->GetMutable<NetOp>()->Run(*step_scopes[step_id], dev_ctx);
  }
  rnn::ConcatOutputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->outlinks, seq_len_, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
}

void RecurrentAlgorithm::CreateScopes(const Scope& scope) const {
  // TODO(xxx) Only two scopes are needed for inference, this case will be
  // supported later.
  auto step_scopes =
      scope.FindVar(arg_->step_scopes)->GetMutable<std::vector<Scope*>>();

  if (seq_len_ > step_scopes->size()) {
    for (size_t i = step_scopes->size(); i < seq_len_; ++i) {
      auto& step_scope = scope.NewScope();

      // Now all variables in scope must be created outside of op.
      auto net_op = scope.FindVar(arg_->step_net)->GetMutable<NetOp>();
      for (auto& input : net_op->inputs_) {
        // the weight are located in parent scope
        if (!step_scope.FindVar(input)) step_scope.NewVar(input);
      }
      for (auto& output : net_op->outputs_) {
        step_scope.NewVar(output);
      }
      step_scopes->emplace_back(&step_scope);
    }
  }
}

void RecurrentAlgorithm::InitMemories(Scope* step_scope,
                                      bool infer_shape_mode) const {
  for (auto& attr : arg_->memories) {
    Tensor* pre_mem = step_scope->NewVar(attr.pre_var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(step_scope->FindVar(attr.boot_var) != nullptr,
                   "memory [%s]'s boot variable [%s] not exists",
                   attr.var,
                   attr.boot_var);
    Tensor* boot_mem = step_scope->FindVar(attr.boot_var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    if (infer_shape_mode) {
      pre_mem->Resize(boot_mem->dims());
    } else {
      pre_mem->ShareDataWith<float>(*boot_mem);
    }
  }
}

const rnn::ArgumentName RecurrentOp::kArgName{"step_net",
                                              "step_scopes",
                                              "inlinks",
                                              "outlinks",
                                              "inlink_alias",
                                              "outlink_alias",
                                              "memories",
                                              "pre_memories",
                                              "boot_memories"};

const rnn::ArgumentName RecurrentGradientOp::kArgName{"step_net",
                                                      "step_scopes",
                                                      "outlink@grad",
                                                      "inlink@grad",
                                                      "inlink_alias",
                                                      "outlink_alias",
                                                      "memories",
                                                      "pre_memories",
                                                      "boot_memories@grad"};

void RecurrentOp::Init() {
  OperatorBase::Init();
  std::unique_ptr<rnn::Argument> arg(new rnn::Argument());
  rnn::InitArgument(kArgName, arg.get(), *this);
  alg_.Init(std::move(arg));
}

class RecurrentAlgorithmProtoAndCheckerMaker : public OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
public:
  RecurrentAlgorithmProtoAndCheckerMaker(OpProto* proto,
                                         OpAttrChecker* op_checker)
      : OpProtoAndCheckerMaker(proto, op_checker) {
    const auto& name = RecurrentOp::kArgName;
    // inputs and outputs stored in proto
    AddInputs(name.inlinks,
              "the inputs that need to be segmented for each step.");
    AddInputs(name.boot_memories, "variables to initialize memories.");
    AddInput(name.step_net, "network shared by all steps.");

    AddOutputs(name.outlinks,
               "the outputs that need to concated for all steps.");
    AddOutput(name.step_scopes, "step scopes");

    // Attributes stored in AttributeMap
    AddAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.inlink_alias, "alias of inlinks");
    AddAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.outlink_alias, "alias of outlinks");
    AddAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.pre_memories,
                                      "names of pre-memories");
    AddAttr<std::vector<std::string>>(name.memories, "names of memories");

    AddComment("This is a recurrent group operator.");
  }
};

void RecurrentGradientAlgorithm::Run(
    const Scope& scope, const platform::DeviceContext& dev_ctx) const {
  auto step_scopes = GetStepScopes(scope);
  rnn::SegmentInputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->inlinks, seq_len_, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  Variable* net = scope.FindVar(arg_->step_net);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(net != nullptr, "failed to get step net");
  for (int step_id = seq_len_ - 1; step_id >= 0; --step_id) {
    if (static_cast<size_t>(step_id) != seq_len_ - 1) {
      rnn::LinkMemories(
          step_scopes, arg_->memories, step_id, 1, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
    }
    net->GetMutable<NetOp>()->Run(*step_scopes[step_id], dev_ctx);
  }
  LinkBootMemoryGradients(step_scopes[0], false);
  rnn::ConcatOutputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->outlinks, seq_len_, false /*infer_shape_mode*/);
}

void RecurrentGradientAlgorithm::LinkBootMemoryGradients(
    Scope* step_scope, bool infer_shape_mode) const {
  for (auto& attr : arg_->memories) {
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(step_scope->FindVar(attr.var) != nullptr,
                   "memory variable [%s] does not exists",
                   attr.var);
    PADDLE_ENFORCE(step_scope->FindVar(attr.boot_var) != nullptr,
                   "boot variable [%s] does not exists",
                   attr.boot_var);
    Tensor* mem_grad = step_scope->NewVar(attr.var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    Tensor* boot_mem_grad =
        step_scope->NewVar(attr.boot_var)->GetMutable<Tensor>();
    if (infer_shape_mode) {
      boot_mem_grad->Resize(mem_grad->dims());
    } else {
      boot_mem_grad->ShareDataWith<float>(*mem_grad);
    }
  }
}

void RecurrentGradientAlgorithm::InferShape(const Scope& scope) const {
  seq_len_ = scope.FindVar((arg_->inlinks[0]).external)
                 ->GetMutable<Tensor>()
                 ->dims()[0];
  auto step_scopes = GetStepScopes(scope);
  rnn::SegmentInputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->inlinks, seq_len_, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  Variable* net = scope.FindVar(arg_->step_net);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE(net != nullptr, "failed to get step net");
  for (int step_id = seq_len_ - 1; step_id >= 0; --step_id) {
    if (static_cast<size_t>(step_id) != seq_len_ - 1) {
      rnn::LinkMemories(
          step_scopes, arg_->memories, step_id, 1, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
    }
    net->GetMutable<NetOp>()->InferShape(*step_scopes[step_id]);
  }
  rnn::ConcatOutputs(
      step_scopes, arg_->outlinks, seq_len_, true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
  LinkBootMemoryGradients(step_scopes[0], true /*infer_shape_mode*/);
}

void RecurrentGradientOp::Init() {
  OperatorBase::Init();
  std::unique_ptr<rnn::Argument> arg(new rnn::Argument());
  rnn::InitArgument(kArgName, arg.get(), *this);
  alg_.Init(std::move(arg));
}

}  // namespace operators
}  // namespace paddle

REGISTER_OP(recurrent_op,
            paddle::operators::RecurrentOp,
            paddle::operators::RecurrentAlgorithmProtoAndCheckerMaker);