layer.cc

// Copyright (c) 2019 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/layer.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <utility>

#include "paddle/fluid/framework/framework.pb.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/op_registry.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/framework/variable_helper.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/execution_context.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/infer_shape_context.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/infer_var_type_context.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/op_base.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/prepared_operator.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/imperative/tracer.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/operators/math/math_function.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/device_context.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/enforce.h"
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/profiler.h"
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
#include "paddle/fluid/platform/mkldnn_helper.h"
#endif

DECLARE_bool(use_mkldnn);

namespace paddle {
namespace imperative {

using framework::Variable;
void ThreadSafeNameSet::Insert(const std::string& name) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx_);
  set_.insert(name);
}

void ThreadSafeNameSet::Remove(const std::string& name) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx_);
  auto iter = set_.find(name);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
      iter != set_.end(), true,
      platform::errors::NotFound("Variable name %s does not exist", name));
  set_.erase(iter);
}

std::vector<std::string> ThreadSafeNameSet::Names() const {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx_);
  return std::vector<std::string>(set_.begin(), set_.end());
}

ThreadSafeNameSet VarBase::name_set_;

std::vector<std::string> VarBase::AliveVarNames() { return name_set_.Names(); }

static framework::RuntimeContext PrepareRuntimeContext(
    const NameVarBaseMap& ins, const NameVarBaseMap& outs) {
  framework::VariableValueMap inputs, outputs;
  for (auto& in_pair : ins) {
    auto& in_ctx = inputs[in_pair.first];
    in_ctx.reserve(in_pair.second.size());
    for (auto& in_var : in_pair.second) {
      in_ctx.emplace_back(in_var->MutableVar());
    }
  }

  for (auto& out_pair : outs) {
    auto& out_ctx = outputs[out_pair.first];
    out_ctx.reserve(out_pair.second.size());
    for (auto& out_var : out_pair.second) {
      out_ctx.emplace_back(out_var->MutableVar());
    }
  }
  return framework::RuntimeContext(std::move(inputs), std::move(outputs));
}

template <typename VarType>
static std::string DebugString(
    const std::string& name,
    const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<VarType>>& vars) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << name << "{";

  for (size_t i = 0; i < vars.size(); ++i) {
    if (i > 0) ss << ", ";

    if (vars[i] == nullptr) {
      ss << "NULL";
      continue;
    }
    ss << vars[i]->Name() << "[";
    const framework::Variable& var = vars[i]->Var();
    if (!var.IsInitialized()) {
      ss << "NOT_INITED_VAR";
    } else if (var.IsType<framework::LoDTensor>()) {
      auto& tensor = var.Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
      ss << "LoDTensor<";
      if (tensor.IsInitialized()) {
        ss << framework::DataTypeToString(tensor.type()) << ", ";
        ss << tensor.place() << ", ";
        ss << "(" << tensor.dims() << ")";
      } else {
        ss << "NOT_INITED";
      }
      ss << ">";
    } else if (var.IsType<framework::SelectedRows>()) {
      ss << "SelectedRows<";
      auto& selected_rows = var.Get<framework::SelectedRows>();
      auto& tensor = selected_rows.value();
      auto& rows = selected_rows.rows();
      if (tensor.IsInitialized()) {
        ss << framework::DataTypeToString(tensor.type()) << ", ";
        ss << tensor.place() << ", ";
        ss << "height(" << selected_rows.height() << "), rows(";
        std::for_each(rows.cbegin(), rows.cend(),
                      [&ss](const int64_t r) { ss << r << " "; });
        ss << "), dims(" << tensor.dims() << ")";
      } else {
        ss << "NOT_INITED";
      }
      ss << ">";
    } else {
      ss << "UNRESOLVED_TYPE";
    }
    ss << "]";
  }

  ss << "}";
  return ss.str();
}

template <typename VarType>
static std::string LayerDebugStringImpl(const std::string& op_type,
                                        const NameVarMap<VarType>& ins,
                                        const NameVarMap<VarType>& outs) {
  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << "Op(" << op_type << "): ";

  ss << "Inputs: ";

  size_t i = 0;
  for (auto& pair : ins) {
    if (i > 0) ss << ", ";
    ss << DebugString<VarType>(pair.first, pair.second);
    ++i;
  }

  ss << ",   Outputs: ";
  i = 0;
  for (auto& pair : outs) {
    if (i > 0) ss << ", ";
    ss << DebugString<VarType>(pair.first, pair.second);
    ++i;
  }
  return ss.str();
}

std::string LayerDebugString(const std::string& op_type,
                             const NameVarMap<VarBase>& ins,
                             const NameVarMap<VarBase>& outs) {
  return LayerDebugStringImpl<VarBase>(op_type, ins, outs);
}

std::string LayerDebugString(const std::string& op_type,
                             const NameVarMap<VariableWrapper>& ins,
                             const NameVarMap<VariableWrapper>& outs) {
  return LayerDebugStringImpl<VariableWrapper>(op_type, ins, outs);
}

VarBase::VarBase(const std::shared_ptr<VariableWrapper>& var)
    : var_(var), grad_node_(var->GetGradNode()) {
  if (auto grad_var = var_->GetGradVar()) {
    grad_var_ = std::make_shared<VarBase>(grad_var);
  }

  if (IsDebugEnabled()) {
    VLOG(10) << "Construct VarBase: " << Name();
    name_set_.Insert(Name());
  }
}

size_t VarBase::GradOpNum() const {
  return grad_node_ ? grad_node_->size() : 0;
}

void VarBase::ClearGradient() {
  if (grad_var_) {
    if (grad_var_->Var().IsType<framework::SelectedRows>()) {
      auto* grad_t =
          grad_var_->MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::SelectedRows>();
      if (grad_t->mutable_value()->IsInitialized()) {
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
        if (FLAGS_use_mkldnn) ClearMKLDNNCache(grad_t->place());
#endif
        grad_t->mutable_rows()->clear();
        grad_t->mutable_value()->clear();
      }
    } else {
      auto* grad_t =
          grad_var_->MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
      if (grad_t->IsInitialized()) {
        auto* dev_ctx =
            platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(grad_t->place());
        operators::math::set_constant(*dev_ctx, grad_t, 0.0);
#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_MKLDNN
        if (FLAGS_use_mkldnn) ClearMKLDNNCache(grad_t->place());
#endif
      }
    }
    // TODO(zhouwei): It's better to free memory of grad by grad_t->claer.
    // But will have some bug on mac CPU of yolov3 model, why?
    // After fix this bug, function SetIsEmpty() isn't need
    grad_var_->SharedVar()->SetIsEmpty(true);
  }
}

std::shared_ptr<VarBase> VarBase::NewVarBase(const platform::Place& dst_place,
                                             const bool blocking) const {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
      Var().IsInitialized() && (Var().IsType<framework::LoDTensor>() ||
                                Var().IsType<framework::SelectedRows>()),
      true, platform::errors::InvalidArgument(
                "Variable is not initialized or Variable's type is not "
                "LoDTensor or SelectedRows when getting numpy tensor"));

  if (Var().IsType<framework::LoDTensor>()) {
    auto& src_tensor = Var().Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
    // TODO(Jiabin): change this after move unique_name generator to CXX
    auto new_var = std::make_shared<VarBase>(
        true, Name() + std::to_string(copied_counter_++));

    auto* dst_tensor =
        new_var->MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
    dst_tensor->set_lod(src_tensor.lod());
    new_var->SetPersistable(Persistable());
    new_var->SetDataType(DataType());
    new_var->SetType(Type());
    framework::TensorCopy(src_tensor, dst_place, dst_tensor);
    if (blocking) {
      platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(dst_place)->Wait();
      auto src_place = src_tensor.place();
      if (!(src_place == dst_place)) {
        platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(src_place)->Wait();
      }
    }
    VLOG(4) << "copy tensor " << Name() << " from " << Place() << " to "
            << dst_place;
    return new_var;
  } else {
    auto& src_selected_rows = Var().Get<framework::SelectedRows>();
    auto new_var = std::make_shared<VarBase>(
        false, "Itmp" + std::to_string(copied_counter_++));
    new_var->SetType(framework::proto::VarType::SELECTED_ROWS);
    auto* dst_selected_rows =
        new_var->MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::SelectedRows>();

    framework::TensorCopy(src_selected_rows.value(), dst_place,
                          dst_selected_rows->mutable_value());
    if (blocking) {
      platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(dst_place)->Wait();
      auto src_place = src_selected_rows.place();
      if (!(src_place == dst_place)) {
        platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(src_place)->Wait();
      }
    }
    dst_selected_rows->set_height(src_selected_rows.height());
    dst_selected_rows->set_rows(src_selected_rows.rows());
    VLOG(4) << "copy tensor " << Name() << " from " << Place() << " to "
            << dst_place;
    return new_var;
  }
}

void VarBase::CopyFrom(const VarBase& src, const bool blocking) {
  if (SharedVar()->IsEmpty()) {
    VLOG(3) << "deep copy Variable from " << src.Name() << " to " << Name();
    SetPersistable(src.Persistable());
    SetDataType(src.DataType());
    SetType(src.Type());
    SetOverridedStopGradient(src.OverridedStopGradient());
    if (!src.SharedVar()->IsEmpty()) {
      const platform::Place& place = src.Place();
      if (src.Var().IsType<framework::LoDTensor>()) {
        auto& src_tensor = src.Var().Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
        auto* dst_tensor = MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
        dst_tensor->set_lod(src_tensor.lod());
        framework::TensorCopy(src_tensor, place, dst_tensor);
      } else if (src.Var().IsType<framework::SelectedRows>()) {
        auto& src_selected_rows = src.Var().Get<framework::SelectedRows>();
        auto* dst_selected_rows =
            MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::SelectedRows>();
        dst_selected_rows->set_height(src_selected_rows.height());
        dst_selected_rows->set_rows(src_selected_rows.rows());
        framework::TensorCopy(src_selected_rows.value(), place,
                              dst_selected_rows->mutable_value());
      }
      if (blocking) {
        platform::DeviceContextPool::Instance().Get(place)->Wait();
      }
    }
  }
}

void VarBase::BumpInplaceVersion() {
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
      Var().IsInitialized(), true,
      platform::errors::InvalidArgument(
          "Tensor %s has not been initialized, please check if it has no data.",
          Name()));
  MutableVar()->BumpInplaceVersion();
}

void OpBase::SetType(const std::string& type) {
  op_ = framework::OpRegistry::CreateOp(type, {}, {}, {}, false);
}

void OpBase::ClearBackwardTrace() {
  ins_.clear();
  outs_.clear();
}

template <typename VarType>
static void OpBaseRunImpl(const framework::OperatorBase& op,
                          const NameVarMap<VarType>& ins,
                          const NameVarMap<VarType>& outs,
                          const framework::AttributeMap& attrs,
                          const platform::Place& place) {
  auto* op_kernel = dynamic_cast<const framework::OperatorWithKernel*>(&op);
  PADDLE_ENFORCE_NOT_NULL(
      op_kernel, platform::errors::PermissionDenied(
                     "Only support operator with kernel in Dygraph mode."));
  auto& info = op.Info();
  if (info.infer_var_type_) {
    RuntimeInferVarTypeContext<VarType> infer_var_type_ctx(ins, outs, attrs);
    info.infer_var_type_(&infer_var_type_ctx);
  }

  // Initialize output var type
  for (auto& var_pair : outs) {
    for (auto& var : var_pair.second) {
      if (var) {
        InitializeVariable(var->MutableVar(), var->Type());
      }
    }
  }

  VLOG(5) << LayerDebugString(op.Type(), ins, outs);

  /**
   * [ Why need temporary inputs here? ]
   *
   * PrepareData should not change original input tensor inplace.
   * Suppose the user defines a tensor(int), enters an op to execute,
   * and then this op rewrites GetExpectedKernelForVar, and converts
   * this tensor to float type during execution. After the dynamic
   * graph is executed, the user-defined variable will be lost, and
   * the user cannot get the originally defined int tensor, because
   * it has been converted to float, this should be regarded as a bug
   * in certain usage scenarios
   *
   * In static graph mode, when op is executed, a temporary scope
   * `transfer_scope` is created before PrepareData, the data after
   * transform is stored in the temporary scope, and then discarded
   * after the execution of op, but the original input is directly
   * overwritten in the previous dynamic graph implemention.
   */
  auto prepared_op = PreparedOp::Prepare(ins, outs, *op_kernel, place, attrs);
  auto tmp_ins_ptr =
      PrepareData<VarType>(*op_kernel, ins, prepared_op.kernel_type());
  if (tmp_ins_ptr == nullptr) {
    prepared_op.Run(ins, outs, attrs);
  } else {
    prepared_op.Run(*tmp_ins_ptr, outs, attrs);
  }

  VLOG(4) << LayerDebugString(op.Type(), ins, outs);

  // set the output var
  for (auto& var_pair : outs) {
    for (auto& var : var_pair.second) {
      // NOTE(zhiqu): The ouput may be NULL because of pruning.
      if (var) {
        SetForwardDataTypeOfGradVar(var);
      }
    }
  }
}

void OpBase::Run(const framework::OperatorBase& op,
                 const NameVarMap<VarBase>& ins,
                 const NameVarMap<VarBase>& outs,
                 const framework::AttributeMap& attrs,
                 const platform::Place& place) {
  OpBaseRunImpl<VarBase>(op, ins, outs, attrs, place);
}

void OpBase::Run(const framework::OperatorBase& op,
                 const NameVarMap<VariableWrapper>& ins,
                 const NameVarMap<VariableWrapper>& outs,
                 const framework::AttributeMap& attrs,
                 const platform::Place& place) {
  OpBaseRunImpl<VariableWrapper>(op, ins, outs, attrs, place);
}

static void ClearNoNeedBufferInputs(OpBase* op) {
  auto& inferer = op->Info().NoNeedBufferVarsInferer();
  if (!inferer) return;
  auto* ins = op->GetMutableInsMap();
  const auto& no_need_buffer_slots =
      inferer(*ins, op->GetOutsMap(), op->Attrs());
  if (no_need_buffer_slots.empty()) return;

  for (auto& slot : no_need_buffer_slots) {
    auto iter = ins->find(slot);
    if (iter == ins->end()) continue;
    VLOG(2) << "Clear data buffer of " << slot << " in " << op->Type();

    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(
        iter->second.IsGrad(), false,
        platform::errors::InvalidArgument(
            "Only forward variable buffers can be clear, this may be a bug"));

    for (auto& each_var : *(iter->second.MutableVarList())) {
      if (!each_var) continue;

      auto& var = each_var->Var();
      PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(var.IsType<framework::LoDTensor>(), true,
                        platform::errors::PermissionDenied(
                            "NoNeedBufferVars only support LoDTensor"));
      auto new_var = new VariableWrapper(each_var->Name());
      auto* new_tensor =
          new_var->MutableVar()->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
      auto& old_tensor = var.Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
      new_tensor->Resize(old_tensor.dims());
      new_tensor->set_lod(old_tensor.lod());
      each_var.reset(new_var);
    }
  }
}

std::shared_ptr<GradOpNode> CreateGradOpNode(
    const framework::OperatorBase& op, const NameVarBaseMap& ins,
    const NameVarBaseMap& outs, const framework::AttributeMap& attrs,
    const platform::Place& place) {
  const auto& info = op.Info();
  if (!info.dygraph_grad_op_maker_) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  auto grad_node = info.dygraph_grad_op_maker_(op.Type(), ins, outs, attrs);
  if (grad_node && !grad_node->empty()) {
    for (auto& grad_op : *grad_node) {
      grad_op.SetId(OpBase::GenerateUniqueId());
      grad_op.SetPlace(place);
      ClearNoNeedBufferInputs(&grad_op);
    }
    return grad_node;
  } else {
    return nullptr;
  }
}

}  // namespace imperative
}  // namespace paddle