This makes the code flow easier -- instead of the controller driver
calling snd_hda_build_pcms() and snd_hda_build_controls() explicitly,
the codec driver itself builds PCMs and controls at probe time.  Then
the controller driver only needs to call snd_card_register().

Also, this allows us the full bind/unbind control, too.  Even when a
codec driver is bound later, it automatically registers the new PCM
and controls by itself.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Now we have all pieces ready, and put them into places:
- add the hda_pcm refcount to azx_pcm_open() and azx_pcm_close(),
- call the most of cleanup code in hda_codec_reset() from the codec
  driver remove,
- call the same code also from the hda_codec object free.

Then the codec driver can be unbound more safely now.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Revive snd_device_disconnect() again so that it can be called from the
individual driver.  This time, HD-audio will need it.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

The PCM ops might be set NULL, or cleared to NULL when the driver is
unbound.  Give a proper NULL check at each place to be more robust.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

So far, the hda_codec object kept the hda_pcm list in an array, and
the codec driver was expected to assign the array.  However, this
makes the object life cycle management harder, because the assigned
array is freed at the codec driver detach while it might be still
accessed by the opened streams.

In this patch, we allocate each hda_pcm object dynamically and manage
it as a linked list.  Each object has a kref refcount, and both the
codec driver binder and the PCM open/close touches it, so that the
object won't be freed while in use.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

The memory allocators should have already given the kernel warning
messages, thus we don't have to annoy again.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Allow the codec object to have an individual card pointer.  Not only
this simplifies the redirections in many places, also this will allow
us to make each codec assigned to a different card object.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

snd_hda_build_pcms() does actually three things: let the codec driver
build up hda_pcm list, set the PCM default values, and call the
attach_pcm bus ops for each hda_pcm instance.  The former two are
basically independent from the bus implementation, so it'd make the
code a bit more readable.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

We leave the pcm field of struct hda_pcm at removal of each device, so
far.  This hasn't been a problem since unbinding the codec driver
isn't supposed to happen and another route via snd_hda_codec_reset()
clears all the once.  However, for a proper unbind implementation, we
need to care about it.

This patch does the thing above properly:

- Include struct hda_pcm pointer instead of struct hda_pcm_stream
  pointers in struct azx_dev.  This allows us to point the hda_pcm
  object at dev_free callback.

- Introduce to_hda_pcm_stream() macro for better readability.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

They are no longer used, let's kill them.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Set the card device as the parent like other sound devices instead of
leaving it empty.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

So far, we let the controller driver power down the all codecs at the
end of probe.  But this can be done better in the codec's dev_register
callback.  This results in the reduction of duplicated codes in each
control driver.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Now the final bit of runtime PM cleanup: instead of manual
notification of the power up/down of the codec via hda_bus pm_notify
ops, use the standard runtime PM feature.

The child codec device will kick off the runtime PM of the parent
(PCI) device upon suspend/resume automatically.  For managing whether
the link can be really turned off, we use the bit flags
bus->codec_powered instead of the earlier bus->power_keep_link_on.
flag.  Each codec driver is responsible to set/clear the bit flag, and
the controller device can be turned off only when all these bits are
cleared.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

We used to pass the power_save option value to hda_bus via a given
pointer.  This was needed to refer to the value from the HD-audio core
side.  However, after the transition to the runtime PM, this is no
longer needed.

This patch drops the power_save value indirection in hda_bus above,
and let the controller driver reprograms the autosuspend value
explicitly by a new helper, snd_hda_set_power_save().  Without this
call, the HD-audio core doesn't set up the autosuspend and flip the
runtime PM.  (User may still be able to set up via sysfs, though.)

Along with this change, the pointer argument of azx_bus_create() is
dropped as well.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Like the previous transition of suspend/resume, now move the
power-save code to the standard runtime PM.  As usual for runtime PM,
it's a bit tricky, but this simplified codes a lot in the end.

For keeping the usage compatibility, power_save module option still
controls the whole power-saving behavior on all codecs.  The value is
translated to pm_runtime_*_autosuspend() and pm_runtime_allow() /
pm_runtime_forbid() calls.

snd_hda_power_up() and snd_hda_power_down() are translated to
pm_runtime_get_sync() and pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(), respectively.
Since we can do call pm_runtime_get_sync() more reliably, the sync
version is used always and snd_hda_power_up_d3wait() is dropped.
Another slight difference is that snd_hda_power_up()/down() don't call
runtime_pm code during the suspend/resume transition phase.  Calling
them there isn't safe unlike our own code, resulted in unexpected
behavior (endless wakeups).

The hda_power_count tracepoint was removed, as it doesn't match well
with the new code.

Last but not least, we need to set ignore_children flag in the parent
dev.power field so that the runtime PM of the controller chip won't
get confused.  The notification is still done in the bus pm_notify
callback.  We'll get rid of this hack in the later patch.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

This patch moves the suspend/resume mechanisms down to each codec
driver level, as we have a proper codec driver bound on the bus now.
Then we get the asynchronous PM gratis without fiddling much in the
driver level.

As a soft-landing transition, implement the common suspend/resume pm
ops for hda_codec_driver and keep the each codec driver intact.  Only
the callers of suspend/resume in the controller side (azx_suspend()
and azx_resume()) are removed.

Another involved place is azx_bus_reset() calling the temporary
suspend and resume as a hackish method of bus reset.  The HD-audio
core provide a helper function snd_hda_bus_reset() instead.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Now we create the standard HD-audio bus (/sys/bus/hdaudio), and bind
the codec driver with the codec device over there.  This is the first
step of the whole transition so that the changes to each codec driver
are kept as minimal as possible.

Each codec driver needs to register hda_codec_driver struct containing
the currently existing preset via the new helper macro
module_hda_codec_driver().  The old hda_codec_preset_list is replaced
with this infrastructure.  The generic parsers (for HDMI and other)
are also included in the preset with the special IDs to bind
uniquely.

In HD-audio core side, the device binding code is split to
hda_bind.c.  It provides the snd_hda_bus_type implementation to match
the codec driver with the given codec vendor ID.  It also manages the
module auto-loading by itself like before: when the matching isn't
found, it tries to probe the corresponding codec modules, and finally
falls back to the generic drivers.  (The special ID mentioned above is
set at this stage.)

The only visible change to outside is that the hdaudio sysfs entry now
appears in /sys/bus/devices, not as a sound class device.

More works to move the suspend/resume and remove ops will be
(hopefully) done in later patches.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

This is a preliminary patch for the hda_bus implementation, removing
the parent device setup to codec device.  Since the bus and the class
devices can't be crossed over, leave the sound devices to the default
parent device as is.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

A part of these drivers, especially BeBoB driver, are programmed to wait
some events. Thus the drivers should not destroy any data in .remove()
context.

This commit moves some destructors from 'struct fw_driver.remove()' to
'struct snd_card.private_free()' to shutdown safely.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.19+
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Currently stream destructor in each driver has a problem to be called in
a context in which sound card object is released, because the destructors
call amdtp_stream_pcm_abort() and touch PCM runtime data.

The PCM runtime data is destroyed in application's context with
snd_pcm_close(), on the other hand PCM substream data is destroyed after
sound card object is released, in most case after all of ALSA character
devices are released. When PCM runtime is destroyed and PCM substream is
remained, amdtp_stream_pcm_abort() touches PCM runtime data and causes
Null-pointer-dereference.

This commit changes stream destructors and allows each driver to call
it after releasing runtime.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.19+
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

AMDTP helper functions increment/decrement reference counter for an
instance of FireWire unit, while it's complicated for each driver to
process error state.

In previous commit, each driver has the role of reference counting. This
commit removes this role from the helper function.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.19+
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

Fireworks and Dice drivers try to touch instances of FireWire unit after
sound card object is released, while references to the unit is decremented
in .remove(). When unplugging during streaming, sound card object is
released after .remove(), thus Fireworks and Dice drivers causes GPF or
Null-pointer-dereferencing to application processes because an instance of
FireWire unit was already released.

This commit adds reference-counting for FireWire unit in drivers to allow
them to touch an instance of FireWire unit after .remove(). In most case,
any operations after .remove() may be failed safely.
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.19+
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

BIOS doesn't seem to set up pins for 5.1 and the SPDIF out, so we need
to give explicitly here.
Reported-and-tested-by: NMisan Thropos <misanthropos@gmx.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

The sign for microsecond (U+0085, MICRO SIGN) was encoded to '0x c2 b5'
by UTF-8 character encoding scheme. But the byte sequence was converted
to '0x c3 82 c2 b5' in a previous commit. As a result, the byte
sequence cannot represent microsecond sign in UTF-8 or ASCII. This
may confuse developers.

This commit replaces the sign to string expression with 'microseconds'
to purge superfluous troubles.

Fixes: 5c697e5b("ALSA: firewire-lib: remove rx_blocks_for_midi quirk")
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Sakamoto <o-takashi@sakamocchi.jp>
Signed-off-by: NTakashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>

.. after extensive statistical analysis of my G+ polling, I've come to
the inescapable conclusion that internet polls are bad.

Big surprise.

But "Hurr durr I'ma sheep" trounced "I like online polls" by a 62-to-38%
margin, in a poll that people weren't even supposed to participate in.
Who can argue with solid numbers like that? 5,796 votes from people who
can't even follow the most basic directions?

In contrast, "v4.0" beat out "v3.20" by a slimmer margin of 56-to-44%,
but with a total of 29,110 votes right now.

Now, arguably, that vote spread is only about 3,200 votes, which is less
than the almost six thousand votes that the "please ignore" poll got, so
it could be considered noise.

But hey, I asked, so I'll honor the votes.

Pull ext4 fixes from Ted Ts'o:
 "Ext4 bug fixes.

  We also reserved code points for encryption and read-only images (for
  which the implementation is mostly just the reserved code point for a
  read-only feature :-)"

* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
  ext4: fix indirect punch hole corruption
  ext4: ignore journal checksum on remount; don't fail
  ext4: remove duplicate remount check for JOURNAL_CHECKSUM change
  ext4: fix mmap data corruption in nodelalloc mode when blocksize < pagesize
  ext4: support read-only images
  ext4: change to use setup_timer() instead of init_timer()
  ext4: reserve codepoints used by the ext4 encryption feature
  jbd2: complain about descriptor block checksum errors

Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "Assorted stuff from this cycle.  The big ones here are multilayer
  overlayfs from Miklos and beginning of sorting ->d_inode accesses out
  from David"

* 'for-linus-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (51 commits)
  autofs4 copy_dev_ioctl(): keep the value of ->size we'd used for allocation
  procfs: fix race between symlink removals and traversals
  debugfs: leave freeing a symlink body until inode eviction
  Documentation/filesystems/Locking: ->get_sb() is long gone
  trylock_super(): replacement for grab_super_passive()
  fanotify: Fix up scripted S_ISDIR/S_ISREG/S_ISLNK conversions
  Cachefiles: Fix up scripted S_ISDIR/S_ISREG/S_ISLNK conversions
  VFS: (Scripted) Convert S_ISLNK/DIR/REG(dentry->d_inode) to d_is_*(dentry)
  SELinux: Use d_is_positive() rather than testing dentry->d_inode
  Smack: Use d_is_positive() rather than testing dentry->d_inode
  TOMOYO: Use d_is_dir() rather than d_inode and S_ISDIR()
  Apparmor: Use d_is_positive/negative() rather than testing dentry->d_inode
  Apparmor: mediated_filesystem() should use dentry->d_sb not inode->i_sb
  VFS: Split DCACHE_FILE_TYPE into regular and special types
  VFS: Add a fallthrough flag for marking virtual dentries
  VFS: Add a whiteout dentry type
  VFS: Introduce inode-getting helpers for layered/unioned fs environments
  Infiniband: Fix potential NULL d_inode dereference
  posix_acl: fix reference leaks in posix_acl_create
  autofs4: Wrong format for printing dentry
  ...

Pull ARM fix from Russell King:
 "Just one fix this time around.  __iommu_alloc_buffer() can cause a
  BUG() if dma_alloc_coherent() is called with either __GFP_DMA32 or
  __GFP_HIGHMEM set.  The patch from Alexandre addresses this"

* 'fixes' of git://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: 8305/1: DMA: Fix kzalloc flags in __iommu_alloc_buffer()

X-Coverup: just ask spender
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

use_pde()/unuse_pde() in ->follow_link()/->put_link() resp.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

As it is, we have debugfs_remove() racing with symlink traversals.
Supply ->evict_inode() and do freeing there - inode will remain
pinned until we are done with the symlink body.

And rip the idiocy with checking if dentry is positive right after
we'd verified debugfs_positive(), which is a stronger check...

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

I've noticed significant locking contention in memory reclaimer around
sb_lock inside grab_super_passive(). Grab_super_passive() is called from
two places: in icache/dcache shrinkers (function super_cache_scan) and
from writeback (function __writeback_inodes_wb). Both are required for
progress in memory allocator.

Grab_super_passive() acquires sb_lock to increment sb->s_count and check
sb->s_instances. It seems sb->s_umount locked for read is enough here:
super-block deactivation always runs under sb->s_umount locked for write.
Protecting super-block itself isn't a problem: in super_cache_scan() sb
is protected by shrinker_rwsem: it cannot be freed if its slab shrinkers
are still active. Inside writeback super-block comes from inode from bdi
writeback list under wb->list_lock.

This patch removes locking sb_lock and checks s_instances under s_umount:
generic_shutdown_super() unlinks it under sb->s_umount locked for write.
New variant is called trylock_super() and since it only locks semaphore,
callers must call up_read(&sb->s_umount) instead of drop_super(sb) when
they're done.
Signed-off-by: NKonstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Fanotify probably doesn't want to watch autodirs so make it use d_can_lookup()
rather than d_is_dir() when checking a dir watch and give an error on fake
directories.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>