bpf_trace_printk() is a helper function used to debug eBPF programs.
Let socket and TC programs use it as well.
Note, it's DEBUG ONLY helper. If it's used in the program,
the kernel will print warning banner to make sure users don't use
it in production.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

eBPF programs attached to kprobes need to filter based on
current->pid, uid and other fields, so introduce helper functions:

u64 bpf_get_current_pid_tgid(void)
Return: current->tgid << 32 | current->pid

u64 bpf_get_current_uid_gid(void)
Return: current_gid << 32 | current_uid

bpf_get_current_comm(char *buf, int size_of_buf)
stores current->comm into buf

They can be used from the programs attached to TC as well to classify packets
based on current task fields.

Update tracex2 example to print histogram of write syscalls for each process
instead of aggregated for all.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The producer should be used producer_fifo as its sched_priority,
so correct it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1433923957-67842-1-git-send-email-long.wanglong@huawei.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.33+
Signed-off-by: NWang Long <long.wanglong@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

As this is already exported from tracing side via commit d9847d31
("tracing: Allow BPF programs to call bpf_ktime_get_ns()"), we might
as well want to move it to the core, so also networking users can make
use of it, e.g. to measure diffs for certain flows from ingress/egress.
Signed-off-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

introduce bpf_tail_call(ctx, &jmp_table, index) helper function
which can be used from BPF programs like:
int bpf_prog(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
  ...
  bpf_tail_call(ctx, &jmp_table, index);
  ...
}
that is roughly equivalent to:
int bpf_prog(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
  ...
  if (jmp_table[index])
    return (*jmp_table[index])(ctx);
  ...
}
The important detail that it's not a normal call, but a tail call.
The kernel stack is precious, so this helper reuses the current
stack frame and jumps into another BPF program without adding
extra call frame.
It's trivially done in interpreter and a bit trickier in JITs.
In case of x64 JIT the bigger part of generated assembler prologue
is common for all programs, so it is simply skipped while jumping.
Other JITs can do similar prologue-skipping optimization or
do stack unwind before jumping into the next program.

bpf_tail_call() arguments:
ctx - context pointer
jmp_table - one of BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY maps used as the jump table
index - index in the jump table

Since all BPF programs are idenitified by file descriptor, user space
need to populate the jmp_table with FDs of other BPF programs.
If jmp_table[index] is empty the bpf_tail_call() doesn't jump anywhere
and program execution continues as normal.

New BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY map type is introduced so that user space can
populate this jmp_table array with FDs of other bpf programs.
Programs can share the same jmp_table array or use multiple jmp_tables.

The chain of tail calls can form unpredictable dynamic loops therefore
tail_call_cnt is used to limit the number of calls and currently is set to 32.

Use cases:
Acked-by: NDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>

==========
- simplify complex programs by splitting them into a sequence of small programs

- dispatch routine
  For tracing and future seccomp the program may be triggered on all system
  calls, but processing of syscall arguments will be different. It's more
  efficient to implement them as:
  int syscall_entry(struct seccomp_data *ctx)
  {
     bpf_tail_call(ctx, &syscall_jmp_table, ctx->nr /* syscall number */);
     ... default: process unknown syscall ...
  }
  int sys_write_event(struct seccomp_data *ctx) {...}
  int sys_read_event(struct seccomp_data *ctx) {...}
  syscall_jmp_table[__NR_write] = sys_write_event;
  syscall_jmp_table[__NR_read] = sys_read_event;

  For networking the program may call into different parsers depending on
  packet format, like:
  int packet_parser(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
     ... parse L2, L3 here ...
     __u8 ipproto = load_byte(skb, ... offsetof(struct iphdr, protocol));
     bpf_tail_call(skb, &ipproto_jmp_table, ipproto);
     ... default: process unknown protocol ...
  }
  int parse_tcp(struct __sk_buff *skb) {...}
  int parse_udp(struct __sk_buff *skb) {...}
  ipproto_jmp_table[IPPROTO_TCP] = parse_tcp;
  ipproto_jmp_table[IPPROTO_UDP] = parse_udp;

- for TC use case, bpf_tail_call() allows to implement reclassify-like logic

- bpf_map_update_elem/delete calls into BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY jump table
  are atomic, so user space can build chains of BPF programs on the fly

Implementation details:
=======================
- high performance of bpf_tail_call() is the goal.
  It could have been implemented without JIT changes as a wrapper on top of
  BPF_PROG_RUN() macro, but with two downsides:
  . all programs would have to pay performance penalty for this feature and
    tail call itself would be slower, since mandatory stack unwind, return,
    stack allocate would be done for every tailcall.
  . tailcall would be limited to programs running preempt_disabled, since
    generic 'void *ctx' doesn't have room for 'tail_call_cnt' and it would
    need to be either global per_cpu variable accessed by helper and by wrapper
    or global variable protected by locks.

  In this implementation x64 JIT bypasses stack unwind and jumps into the
  callee program after prologue.

- bpf_prog_array_compatible() ensures that prog_type of callee and caller
  are the same and JITed/non-JITed flag is the same, since calling JITed
  program from non-JITed is invalid, since stack frames are different.
  Similarly calling kprobe type program from socket type program is invalid.

- jump table is implemented as BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY to reuse 'map'
  abstraction, its user space API and all of verifier logic.
  It's in the existing arraymap.c file, since several functions are
  shared with regular array map.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

The only caller to this function (__print_array) was getting it wrong by
passing the array length instead of buffer length. As the element size
was already being passed for other reasons it seems reasonable to push
the calculation of buffer length into the function.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1430320727-14582-1-git-send-email-alex.bennee@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: NAlex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The code that replaces the enum names with the enum values in the
tracepoints' format files could possible miss the end of string nul
character. This was caused by processing things like backslashes, quotes
and other tokens. After processing the tokens, a check for the nul
character needed to be done before continuing the loop, because the loop
incremented the pointer before doing the check, which could bypass the nul
character.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/552E661D.5060502@oracle.com

Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com> # via KASan
Tested-by: NAndrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Fixes: 0c564a53 "tracing: Add TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM() macro to map enums to their values"
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

There is a problem that trace events are not properly enabled with
boot cmdline. The problem is that if we pass "trace_event=kmem:mm_page_alloc"
to the boot cmdline, it enables all kmem trace events, and not just
the page_alloc event.

This is caused by the parsing mechanism. When we parse the cmdline, the buffer
contents is modified due to tokenization. And, if we use this buffer
again, we will get the wrong result.

Unfortunately, this buffer is be accessed three times to set trace events
properly at boot time. So, we need to handle this situation.

There is already code handling ",", but we need another for ":".
This patch adds it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1429159484-22977-1-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.19+
Signed-off-by: NJoonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
[ added missing return ret; ]
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

graph_trace_open() can be called in atomic context from ftrace_dump().
Use GFP_ATOMIC for the memory allocations when that's the case, in order
to avoid the following splat.

 BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at mm/slab.c:2849
 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 128, pid: 0, name: swapper/0
 Backtrace:
 ..
 [<8004dc94>] (__might_sleep) from [<801371f4>] (kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x160/0x238)
  r7:87800040 r6:000080d0 r5:810d16e8 r4:000080d0
 [<80137094>] (kmem_cache_alloc_trace) from [<800cbd60>] (graph_trace_open+0x30/0xd0)
  r10:00000100 r9:809171a8 r8:00008e28 r7:810d16f0 r6:00000001 r5:810d16e8
  r4:810d16f0
 [<800cbd30>] (graph_trace_open) from [<800c79c4>] (trace_init_global_iter+0x50/0x9c)
  r8:00008e28 r7:808c853c r6:00000001 r5:810d16e8 r4:810d16f0 r3:800cbd30
 [<800c7974>] (trace_init_global_iter) from [<800c7aa0>] (ftrace_dump+0x90/0x2ec)
  r4:810d2580 r3:00000000
 [<800c7a10>] (ftrace_dump) from [<80414b2c>] (sysrq_ftrace_dump+0x1c/0x20)
  r10:00000100 r9:809171a8 r8:808f6e7c r7:00000001 r6:00000007 r5:0000007a
  r4:808d5394
 [<80414b10>] (sysrq_ftrace_dump) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18)
 [<80415498>] (__handle_sysrq) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18)
  r8:808c8100 r7:808c8444 r6:00000101 r5:00000010 r4:84eb3210
 [<80415668>] (handle_sysrq) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18)
 [<8042a760>] (pl011_int) from [<800169b8>] (return_to_handler+0x0/0x18)
  r10:809171bc r9:809171a8 r8:00000001 r7:00000026 r6:808c6000 r5:84f01e60
  r4:8454fe00
 [<8007782c>] (handle_irq_event_percpu) from [<80077b44>] (handle_irq_event+0x4c/0x6c)
  r10:808c7ef0 r9:87283e00 r8:00000001 r7:00000000 r6:8454fe00 r5:84f01e60
  r4:84f01e00
 [<80077af8>] (handle_irq_event) from [<8007aa28>] (handle_fasteoi_irq+0xf0/0x1ac)
  r6:808f52a4 r5:84f01e60 r4:84f01e00 r3:00000000
 [<8007a938>] (handle_fasteoi_irq) from [<80076dc0>] (generic_handle_irq+0x3c/0x4c)
  r6:00000026 r5:00000000 r4:00000026 r3:8007a938
 [<80076d84>] (generic_handle_irq) from [<80077128>] (__handle_domain_irq+0x8c/0xfc)
  r4:808c1e38 r3:0000002e
 [<8007709c>] (__handle_domain_irq) from [<800087b8>] (gic_handle_irq+0x34/0x6c)
  r10:80917748 r9:00000001 r8:88802100 r7:808c7ef0 r6:808c8fb0 r5:00000015
  r4:8880210c r3:808c7ef0
 [<80008784>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<80014044>] (__irq_svc+0x44/0x7c)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428953721-31349-1-git-send-email-rabin@rab.in
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428957012-2319-1-git-send-email-rabin@rab.in

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.13+
Signed-off-by: NRabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The seq_printf return value, because it's frequently misused,
will eventually be converted to void.

See: commit 1f33c41c ("seq_file: Rename seq_overflow() to
     seq_has_overflowed() and make public")

Miscellanea:

o Remove unused return value from trace_lookup_stack
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

relayfs and tracefs are dealing with inodes of their own;
those two act as filesystem drivers
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Add a enum_map file in the tracing directory to see what enums have been
saved to convert in the print fmt files.

As this requires the enum mapping to be persistent in memory, it is only
created if the new config option CONFIG_TRACE_ENUM_MAP_FILE is enabled.
This is for debugging and will increase the persistent memory footprint
of the kernel.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150403013802.220157513@goodmis.orgReviewed-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Tested-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Update the infrastructure such that modules that declare TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM()
will have those enums converted into their values in the tracepoint
print fmt strings.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87vbhjp74q.fsf@rustcorp.com.auAcked-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Reviewed-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Tested-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Several tracepoints use the helper functions __print_symbolic() or
__print_flags() and pass in enums that do the mapping between the
binary data stored and the value to print. This works well for reading
the ASCII trace files, but when the data is read via userspace tools
such as perf and trace-cmd, the conversion of the binary value to a
human string format is lost if an enum is used, as userspace does not
have access to what the ENUM is.

For example, the tracepoint trace_tlb_flush() has:

 __print_symbolic(REC->reason,
    { TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, "flush on task switch" },
    { TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN, "remote shootdown" },
    { TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN, "local shootdown" },
    { TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN, "local mm shootdown" })

Which maps the enum values to the strings they represent. But perf and
trace-cmd do no know what value TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN is, and would
not be able to map it.

With TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(), developers can place these in the event header
files and ftrace will convert the enums to their values:

By adding:

 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_REMOTE_SHOOTDOWN);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_SHOOTDOWN);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(TLB_LOCAL_MM_SHOOTDOWN);

 $ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/tlb/tlb_flush/format
[...]
 __print_symbolic(REC->reason,
    { 0, "flush on task switch" },
    { 1, "remote shootdown" },
    { 2, "local shootdown" },
    { 3, "local mm shootdown" })

The above is what userspace expects to see, and tools do not need to
be modified to parse them.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150403013802.220157513@goodmis.org

Cc: Guilherme Cox <cox@computer.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@gmail.com>
Cc: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Acked-by: NNamhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Tested-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Dynamically allocated trampolines call ftrace_ops_get_func to get the
function which they should call. For dynamic fops (FTRACE_OPS_FL_DYNAMIC
flag is set) ftrace_ops_list_func is always returned. This is reasonable
for static trampolines but goes against the main advantage of dynamic
ones, that is avoidance of going through the list of all registered
callbacks for functions that are only being traced by a single callback.

We can fix it by returning ops->func (or recursion safe version) from
ftrace_ops_get_func whenever it is possible for dynamic trampolines.

Note that dynamic trampolines are not allowed for dynamic fops if
CONFIG_PREEMPT=y.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LNX.2.00.1501291023000.25445@pobox.suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1424357773-13536-1-git-send-email-mbenes@suse.czReported-by: NMiroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

So bpf_tracing.o depends on CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL - but that's not its only
dependency, it also depends on the tracing infrastructure and on kprobes,
without which it will fail to build with:

  In file included from kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c:14:0:
  kernel/trace/trace.h: In function ‘trace_test_and_set_recursion’:
  kernel/trace/trace.h:491:28: error: ‘struct task_struct’ has no member named ‘trace_recursion’
    unsigned int val = current->trace_recursion;
  [...]

It took quite some time to trigger this build failure, because right now
BPF_SYSCALL is very obscure, depends on CONFIG_EXPERT. So also make BPF_SYSCALL
more configurable, not just under CONFIG_EXPERT.

If BPF_SYSCALL, tracing and kprobes are enabled then enable the bpf_tracing
gateway as well.

We might want to make this an interactive option later on, although
I'd not complicate it unnecessarily: enabling BPF_SYSCALL is enough of
an indicator that the user wants BPF support.

Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Debugging of BPF programs needs some form of printk from the
program, so let programs call limited trace_printk() with %d %u
%x %p modifiers only.

Similar to kernel modules, during program load verifier checks
whether program is calling bpf_trace_printk() and if so, kernel
allocates trace_printk buffers and emits big 'this is debug
only' banner.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1427312966-8434-6-git-send-email-ast@plumgrid.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

bpf_ktime_get_ns() is used by programs to compute time delta
between events or as a timestamp
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1427312966-8434-5-git-send-email-ast@plumgrid.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

BPF programs, attached to kprobes, provide a safe way to execute
user-defined BPF byte-code programs without being able to crash or
hang the kernel in any way. The BPF engine makes sure that such
programs have a finite execution time and that they cannot break
out of their sandbox.

The user interface is to attach to a kprobe via the perf syscall:

	struct perf_event_attr attr = {
		.type	= PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,
		.config	= event_id,
		...
	};

	event_fd = perf_event_open(&attr,...);
	ioctl(event_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_BPF, prog_fd);

'prog_fd' is a file descriptor associated with BPF program
previously loaded.

'event_id' is an ID of the kprobe created.

Closing 'event_fd':

	close(event_fd);

... automatically detaches BPF program from it.

BPF programs can call in-kernel helper functions to:

  - lookup/update/delete elements in maps

  - probe_read - wraper of probe_kernel_read() used to access any
    kernel data structures

BPF programs receive 'struct pt_regs *' as an input ('struct pt_regs' is
architecture dependent) and return 0 to ignore the event and 1 to store
kprobe event into the ring buffer.

Note, kprobes are a fundamentally _not_ a stable kernel ABI,
so BPF programs attached to kprobes must be recompiled for
every kernel version and user must supply correct LINUX_VERSION_CODE
in attr.kern_version during bpf_prog_load() call.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1427312966-8434-4-git-send-email-ast@plumgrid.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

add TRACE_EVENT_FL_KPROBE flag to differentiate kprobe type of
tracepoints, since bpf programs can only be attached to kprobe
type of PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT perf events.
Signed-off-by: NAlexei Starovoitov <ast@plumgrid.com>
Reviewed-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1427312966-8434-3-git-send-email-ast@plumgrid.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

A clean up of the recursive protection code changed

  val = this_cpu_read(current_context);
  val--;
  val &= this_cpu_read(current_context);

to

  val = this_cpu_read(current_context);
  val &= val & (val - 1);

Which has a duplicate use of '&' as the above is the same as

  val = val & (val - 1);

Actually, it would be best to remove that line altogether and
just add it to where it is used.

And Christoph even mentioned that it can be further compacted to
just a single line:

  __this_cpu_and(current_context, __this_cpu_read(current_context) - 1);

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/alpine.DEB.2.11.1503271423580.23114@gentwo.orgSuggested-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The commit that added a check for this to checkpatch says:

"Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects.  The __weak on
the declaration causes non-weak definitions to become weak."

In this case, when a PowerPC kernel is built with CONFIG_KPROBE_EVENT
but not CONFIG_UPROBE_EVENT, it generates the following warning:

WARNING: 1 bad relocations
c0000000014f2190 R_PPC64_ADDR64    uprobes_fetch_type_table

This is fixed by passing the fetch_table arrays to
traceprobe_parse_probe_arg() which also means that they can never be NULL.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150312165834.4482cb48@canb.auug.org.auAcked-by: NMasami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

TRACE_EVENT_FL_USE_CALL_FILTER flag in ftrace:functon event can be
removed. This flag was first introduced in commit
f306cc82 ("tracing: Update event filters for multibuffer").

Now, the only place uses this flag is ftrace:function, but the filter of
ftrace:function has a different code path with events/syscalls and
events/tracepoints. It uses ftrace_filter_write() and perf's
ftrace_profile_set_filter() to set the filter, the functionality of file
'tracing/events/ftrace/function/filter' is bypassed in function
init_pred(), in which case, neither call->filter nor file->filter is
used.

So we can safely remove TRACE_EVENT_FL_USE_CALL_FILTER flag from
ftrace:function events.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1425367294-27852-1-git-send-email-hekuang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: NHe Kuang <hekuang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Use %pS for actual addresses, otherwise you'll get bad output
on arches like ppc64 where %pF expects a function descriptor.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1426130037-17956-22-git-send-email-scottwood@freescale.comSigned-off-by: NScott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

It has come to my attention that this_cpu_read/write are horrible on
architectures other than x86. Worse yet, they actually disable
preemption or interrupts! This caused some unexpected tracing results
on ARM.

   101.356868: preempt_count_add <-ring_buffer_lock_reserve
   101.356870: preempt_count_sub <-ring_buffer_lock_reserve

The ring_buffer_lock_reserve has recursion protection that requires
accessing a per cpu variable. But since preempt_disable() is traced, it
too got traced while accessing the variable that is suppose to prevent
recursion like this.

The generic version of this_cpu_read() and write() are:

 #define this_cpu_generic_read(pcp)					\
 ({	typeof(pcp) ret__;						\
	preempt_disable();						\
	ret__ = *this_cpu_ptr(&(pcp));					\
	preempt_enable();						\
	ret__;								\
 })

 #define this_cpu_generic_to_op(pcp, val, op)				\
 do {									\
	unsigned long flags;						\
	raw_local_irq_save(flags);					\
	*__this_cpu_ptr(&(pcp)) op val;					\
	raw_local_irq_restore(flags);					\
 } while (0)

Which is unacceptable for locations that know they are within preempt
disabled or interrupt disabled locations.

Paul McKenney stated that __this_cpu_() versions produce much better code on
other architectures than this_cpu_() does, if we know that the call is done in
a preempt disabled location.

I also changed the recursive_unlock() to use two local variables instead
of accessing the per_cpu variable twice.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150317114411.GE3589@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150317104038.312e73d1@gandalf.local.home

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reported-by: NUwe Kleine-Koenig <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Tested-by: NUwe Kleine-Koenig <u.kleine-koenig@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The only reason CQM had to use a hard-coded pmu type was so it could use
cqm_target in hw_perf_event.

Do away with the {tp,bp,cqm}_target pointers and provide a non type
specific one.

This allows us to do away with that silly pmu type as well.
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Vince Weaver <vince@deater.net>
Cc: acme@kernel.org
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: hpa@zytor.com
Cc: jolsa@redhat.com
Cc: kanaka.d.juvva@intel.com
Cc: matt.fleming@intel.com
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: vikas.shivappa@linux.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150305211019.GU21418@twins.programming.kicks-ass.netSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Some archs (specifically PowerPC), are sensitive with the ordering of
the enabling of the calls to function tracing and setting of the
function to use to be traced.

That is, update_ftrace_function() sets what function the ftrace_caller
trampoline should call. Some archs require this to be set before
calling ftrace_run_update_code().

Another bug was discovered, that ftrace_startup_sysctl() called
ftrace_run_update_code() directly. If the function the ftrace_caller
trampoline changes, then it will not be updated. Instead a call
to ftrace_startup_enable() should be called because it tests to see
if the callback changed since the code was disabled, and will
tell the arch to update appropriately. Most archs do not need this
notification, but PowerPC does.

The problem could be seen by the following commands:

 # echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled
 # echo function > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
 # echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled
 # cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace

The trace will show that function tracing was not active.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.27+
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

When ftrace is enabled globally through the proc interface, we must check if
ftrace_graph_active is set. If it is set, then we should also pass the
FTRACE_START_FUNC_RET command to ftrace_run_update_code(). Similarly, when
ftrace is disabled globally through the proc interface, we must check if
ftrace_graph_active is set. If it is set, then we should also pass the
FTRACE_STOP_FUNC_RET command to ftrace_run_update_code().

Consider the following situation.

 # echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled

After this ftrace_enabled = 0.

 # echo function_graph > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer

Since ftrace_enabled = 0, ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller() is never
called.

 # echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled

Now ftrace_enabled will be set to true, but still
ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller() will not be called, which is not
desired.

Further if we execute the following after this:
  # echo nop > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer

Now since ftrace_enabled is set it will call
ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller(), which causes a kernel warning on
the ARM platform.

On the ARM platform, when ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller() is called,
it checks whether the old instruction is a nop or not. If it's not a nop,
then it returns an error. If it is a nop then it replaces instruction at
that address with a branch to ftrace_graph_caller.
ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller() behaves just the opposite. Therefore,
if generic ftrace code ever calls either ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller()
or ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller() consecutively two times in a row,
then it will return an error, which will cause the generic ftrace code to
raise a warning.

Note, x86 does not have an issue with this because the architecture
specific code for ftrace_enable_ftrace_graph_caller() and
ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller() does not check the previous state,
and calling either of these functions twice in a row has no ill effect.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e4fbe64cdac0dd0e86a3bf914b0f83c0b419f146.1425666454.git.panand@redhat.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.31+
Signed-off-by: NPratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
[
  removed extra if (ftrace_start_up) and defined ftrace_graph_active as 0
  if CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER is not set.
]
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

When /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled is set to zero, all function
tracing is disabled. But the records that represent the functions
still hold information about the ftrace_ops that are hooked to them.

ftrace_ops may request "REGS" (have a full set of pt_regs passed to
the callback), or "TRAMP" (the ops has its own trampoline to use).
When the record is updated to represent the state of the ops hooked
to it, it sets "REGS_EN" and/or "TRAMP_EN" to state that the callback
points to the correct trampoline (REGS has its own trampoline).

When ftrace_enabled is set to zero, all ftrace locations are a nop,
so they do not point to any trampoline. But the _EN flags are still
set. This can cause the accounting to go wrong when ftrace_enabled
is cleared and an ops that has a trampoline is registered or unregistered.

For example, the following will cause ftrace to crash:

 # echo function_graph > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
 # echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled
 # echo nop > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
 # echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ftrace_enabled
 # echo function_graph > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer

As function_graph uses a trampoline, when ftrace_enabled is set to zero
the updates to the record are not done. When enabling function_graph
again, the record will still have the TRAMP_EN flag set, and it will
look for an op that has a trampoline other than the function_graph
ops, and fail to find one.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.17+
Reported-by: NPratyush Anand <panand@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

printk and friends can now format bitmaps using '%*pb[l]'.  cpumask
and nodemask also provide cpumask_pr_args() and nodemask_pr_args()
respectively which can be used to generate the two printf arguments
necessary to format the specified cpu/nodemask.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When an application connects to the ring buffer via splice, it can only
read full pages. Splice does not work with partial pages. If there is
not enough data to fill a page, the splice command will either block
or return -EAGAIN (if set to nonblock).

Code was added where if the page is not full, to just sleep again.
The problem is, it will get woken up again on the next event. That
is, when something is written into the ring buffer, if there is a waiter
it will wake it up. The waiter would then check the buffer, see that
it still does not have enough data to fill a page and go back to sleep.
To make matters worse, when the waiter goes back to sleep, it could
cause another event, which would wake it back up again to see it
doesn't have enough data and sleep again. This produces a tremendous
overhead and fills the ring buffer with noise.

For example, recording sched_switch on an idle system for 10 seconds
produces 25,350,475 events!!!

Create another wait queue for those waiters wanting full pages.
When an event is written, it only wakes up waiters if there's a full
page of data. It does not wake up the waiter if the page is not yet
full.

After this change, recording sched_switch on an idle system for 10
seconds produces only 800 events. Getting rid of 25,349,675 useless
events (99.9969% of events!!), is something to take seriously.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.16+
Cc: Rabin Vincent <rabin@rab.in>
Fixes: e30f53aa "tracing: Do not busy wait in buffer splice"
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Commit 6edb2a8a introduced
an array map_pages that contains the addresses returned by
kmap_atomic. However, when unmapping those pages, map_pages[0]
is unmapped before map_pages[1], breaking the nesting requirement
as specified in the documentation for kmap_atomic/kunmap_atomic.

This was caught by the highmem debug code present in kunmap_atomic.
Fix the loop to do the unmapping properly.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1418871056-6614-1-git-send-email-markivx@codeaurora.org

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.5+
Reviewed-by: NStephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Reported-by: NLime Yang <limey@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NVikram Mulukutla <markivx@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The tracing "instances" directory can create sub tracing buffers
with mkdir, and remove them with rmdir. As a mkdir will also create
all the files and directories that control the sub buffer the inode
mutexes need to be released before this is done, to avoid deadlocks.
It is better to let the tracing system unlock the inode mutexes before
calling the functions that create the files within the new directory
(or deletes the files from the one being destroyed).

Now that tracing has been converted over to tracefs, the tracefs file
system can be modified to accommodate this feature. It still releases
the locks, but the filesystem itself can take care of the ugly
business and let the user just do what it needs.

The tracing system now attaches a descriptor to the directory dentry
that can have userspace create or remove sub directories. If this
descriptor does not exist for a dentry, then that dentry can not be
used to create other directories. This descriptor holds a mkdir and
rmdir method that only takes a character string as an argument.

The tracefs file system will first make a copy of the dentry name
before releasing the locks. Then it will pass the copied name to the
methods. It is up to the tracing system that supplied the methods to
handle races with duplicate names and such as all the inode mutexes
would be released when the functions are called.

Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

As tools currently rely on the tracing directory in debugfs, we can not
just created a tracefs infrastructure and expect sysadmins to mount
the new tracefs to have their old tools work.

Instead, the debugfs tracing directory is still created and the tracefs
file system is mounted there when the debugfs filesystem is mounted.

No longer does the tracing infrastructure update the debugfs file system,
but instead interacts with the tracefs file system. But now, it still
appears to the user like nothing changed, except you also have the feature
of mounting just the tracing system without needing all of debugfs!

Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

debugfs was fine for the tracing facility as a quick way to get
an interface. Now that tracing has matured, it should separate itself
from debugfs such that it can be mounted separately without needing
to mount all of debugfs with it. That is, users resist using tracing
because it requires mounting debugfs. Having tracing have its own file
system lets users get the features of tracing without needing to bring
in the rest of the kernel's debug infrastructure.

Another reason for tracefs is that debubfs does not support mkdir.
Currently, to create instances, one does a mkdir in the tracing/instance
directory. This is implemented via a hack that forces debugfs to do
something it is not intended on doing. By converting over to tracefs, this
hack can be removed and mkdir can be properly implemented. This patch does
not address this yet, but it lays the ground work for that to be done.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The options for cmdline tracers are not created if the debugfs system
is not ready yet. If tracing has started before debugfs is up, then the
option files for the tracer are not created. Create them when creating
the tracing directory if the current tracer requires option files.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Do not bother creating tracer options if no tracing directory
exists. If a tracer is enabled via the command line, and is
started before the tracing directory is created, then it wont have
its tracer specific options created.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The top level trace array is treated a little different than the
instances, as it has to deal with more of the general tracing.
The tr->dir is the tracing directory, which is an immutable
dentry, where as the tr->dir of instances are the dentry that
was created, and can be destroyed later. These should have different
functions accessing them.

As only tracing_init_dentry() deals with the top level array, fold
the code for it into that function, and remove the trace_init_dentry_tr()
that was also used by the instances to get their directory dentry.

Add a tracing_get_dentry() to just get the tracing dir entry for
instances as well as the top level array.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing_init_dentry_tr() is not used outside of trace.c, it should
be static.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Export the suspend_resume tracepoint so it can be used
in loadable modules.
Signed-off-by: NTodd Brandt <todd.e.brandt@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>