virpidfile.c

/*
 * virpidfile.c: manipulation of pidfiles
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Red Hat, Inc.
 * Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Binary Karma
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Shuveb Hussain
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307  USA
 *
 */

#include <config.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include "virpidfile.h"
#include "virfile.h"
#include "memory.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "intprops.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "virterror_internal.h"
#include "c-ctype.h"

#define VIR_FROM_THIS VIR_FROM_NONE

char *virPidFileBuildPath(const char *dir, const char* name)
{
    char *pidfile;

    if (virAsprintf(&pidfile, "%s/%s.pid", dir, name) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return pidfile;
}


int virPidFileWritePath(const char *pidfile,
                        pid_t pid)
{
    int rc;
    int fd;
    char pidstr[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND(pid)];

    if ((fd = open(pidfile,
                   O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,
                   S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%lld", (long long) pid);

    if (safewrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr)) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = 0;

cleanup:
    if (VIR_CLOSE(fd) < 0)
        rc = -errno;

    return rc;
}


int virPidFileWrite(const char *dir,
                    const char *name,
                    pid_t pid)
{
    int rc;
    char *pidfile = NULL;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (virFileMakePath(dir) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileWritePath(pidfile, pid);

cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}


int virPidFileReadPath(const char *path,
                       pid_t *pid)
{
    int fd;
    int rc;
    ssize_t bytes;
    long long pid_value = 0;
    char pidstr[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND(pid_value)];
    char *endptr = NULL;

    *pid = 0;

    if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    bytes = saferead(fd, pidstr, sizeof(pidstr));
    if (bytes < 0) {
        rc = -errno;
        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
        goto cleanup;
    }
    pidstr[bytes] = '\0';

    if (virStrToLong_ll(pidstr, &endptr, 10, &pid_value) < 0 ||
        !(*endptr == '\0' || c_isspace(*endptr)) ||
        (pid_t) pid_value != pid_value) {
        rc = -1;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    *pid = pid_value;
    rc = 0;

cleanup:
    if (VIR_CLOSE(fd) < 0)
        rc = -errno;

    return rc;
}


int virPidFileRead(const char *dir,
                   const char *name,
                   pid_t *pid)
{
    int rc;
    char *pidfile = NULL;
    *pid = 0;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileReadPath(pidfile, pid);

 cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}



/**
 * virPidFileReadPathIfAlive:
 * @path: path to pidfile
 * @pid: variable to return pid in
 * @binpath: path of executable associated with the pidfile
 *
 * This will attempt to read a pid from @path, and store it
 * in @pid. The @pid will only be set, however, if the
 * pid in @path is running, and its executable path
 * resolves to @binpath. This adds protection against
 * recycling of previously reaped pids.
 *
 * If @binpath is NULL the check for the executable path
 * is skipped.
 *
 * Returns -errno upon error, or zero on successful
 * reading of the pidfile. If the PID was not still
 * alive, zero will be returned, but @pid will be
 * set to -1.
 */
int virPidFileReadPathIfAlive(const char *path,
                              pid_t *pid,
                              const char *binpath)
{
    int rc;
    char *procpath = NULL;

    rc = virPidFileReadPath(path, pid);
    if (rc < 0)
        return rc;

#ifndef WIN32
    /* Check that it's still alive.  Safe to skip this sanity check on
     * mingw, which lacks kill().  */
    if (kill(*pid, 0) < 0) {
        *pid = -1;
        return 0;
    }
#endif

    if (binpath) {
        if (virAsprintf(&procpath, "/proc/%d/exe", *pid) < 0) {
            *pid = -1;
            return -1;
        }

        if (virFileIsLink(procpath) &&
            virFileLinkPointsTo(procpath, binpath) == 0)
            *pid = -1;

        VIR_FREE(procpath);
    }

    return 0;
}


/**
 * virPidFileReadIfAlive:
 * @dir: directory containing pidfile
 * @name: base filename of pidfile
 * @pid: variable to return pid in
 * @binpath: path of executable associated with the pidfile
 *
 * This will attempt to read a pid from the pidfile @name
 * in directory @dir, and store it in @pid. The @pid will
 * only be set, however, if the pid in @name is running,
 * and its executable path resolves to @binpath. This adds
 * protection against recycling of previously reaped pids.
 *
 * Returns -errno upon error, or zero on successful
 * reading of the pidfile. If the PID was not still
 * alive, zero will be returned, but @pid will be
 * set to -1.
 */
int virPidFileReadIfAlive(const char *dir,
                          const char *name,
                          pid_t *pid,
                          const char *binpath)
{
    int rc = 0;
    char *pidfile = NULL;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileReadPathIfAlive(pidfile, pid, binpath);

cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}


int virPidFileDeletePath(const char *pidfile)
{
    int rc = 0;

    if (unlink(pidfile) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
        rc = -errno;

    return rc;
}


int virPidFileDelete(const char *dir,
                     const char *name)
{
    int rc = 0;
    char *pidfile = NULL;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileDeletePath(pidfile);

cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}


verify(sizeof(pid_t) <= sizeof(unsigned int));

int virPidFileAcquirePath(const char *path,
                          pid_t pid)
{
    int fd = -1;
    char pidstr[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND(pid)];

    if (path[0] == '\0')
        return 0;

    while (1) {
        struct stat a, b;
        if ((fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0644)) < 0) {
            virReportSystemError(errno,
                                 _("Failed to open pid file '%s'"),
                                 path);
            return -1;
        }

        if (virSetCloseExec(fd) < 0) {
            virReportSystemError(errno,
                                 _("Failed to set close-on-exec flag '%s'"),
                                 path);
            VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
            return -1;
        }

        if (fstat(fd, &b) < 0) {
            virReportSystemError(errno,
                                 _("Unable to check status of pid file '%s'"),
                                 path);
            VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
            return -1;
        }

        if (virFileLock(fd, false, 0, 1) < 0) {
            virReportSystemError(errno,
                                 _("Failed to acquire pid file '%s'"),
                                 path);
            VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
            return -1;
        }

        /* Now make sure the pidfile we locked is the same
         * one that now exists on the filesystem
         */
        if (stat(path, &a) < 0) {
            char ebuf[1024] ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
            VIR_DEBUG("Pid file '%s' disappeared: %s",
                      path, virStrerror(errno, ebuf, sizeof ebuf));
            VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
            /* Someone else must be racing with us, so try agin */
            continue;
        }

        if (a.st_ino == b.st_ino)
            break;

        VIR_DEBUG("Pid file '%s' was recreated", path);
        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
        /* Someone else must be racing with us, so try agin */
    }

    snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%lld", (long long) pid);

    if (safewrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr)) < 0) {
        virReportSystemError(errno,
                             _("Failed to write to pid file '%s'"),
                             path);
        VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
    }

    return fd;
}


int virPidFileAcquire(const char *dir,
                      const char *name,
                      pid_t pid)
{
    int rc = 0;
    char *pidfile = NULL;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileAcquirePath(pidfile, pid);

cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}


int virPidFileReleasePath(const char *path,
                          int fd)
{
    int rc = 0;
    /*
     * We need to unlink before closing the FD to avoid
     * a race, but Win32 won't let you unlink an open
     * file handle. So on that platform we do the reverse
     * and just have to live with the possible race.
     */
#ifdef WIN32
    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
    if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
        rc = -errno;
#else
    if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT)
        rc = -errno;
    VIR_FORCE_CLOSE(fd);
#endif
    return rc;
}


int virPidFileRelease(const char *dir,
                      const char *name,
                      int fd)
{
    int rc = 0;
    char *pidfile = NULL;

    if (name == NULL || dir == NULL) {
        rc = -EINVAL;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    if (!(pidfile = virPidFileBuildPath(dir, name))) {
        rc = -ENOMEM;
        goto cleanup;
    }

    rc = virPidFileReleasePath(pidfile, fd);

cleanup:
    VIR_FREE(pidfile);
    return rc;
}