This allows decompress_kernel to return a new location for the kernel to
be relocated to. Additionally, enforces CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START as the
minimum relocation position when building with CONFIG_RELOCATABLE.

With CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE set, the choose_kernel_location routine
will select a new location to decompress the kernel, though here it is
presently a no-op. The kernel command line option "nokaslr" is introduced
to bypass these routines.
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1381450698-28710-3-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.orgSigned-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Recently commit bab55417 ("block: support embedded device command
line partition") introduced CONFIG_CMDLINE_PARSER.  However, that name
is too generic and sounds like it enables/disables generic kernel boot
arg processing, when it really is block specific.

Before this option becomes a part of a full/final release, add the BLK_
prefix to it so that it is clear in absence of any other context that it
is block specific.

In addition, fix up the following less critical items:
 - help text was not really at all helpful.
 - index file for Documentation was not updated
 - add the new arg to Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
 - clarify wording in source comments
Signed-off-by: NPaul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Cai Zhiyong <caizhiyong@huawei.com>
Cc: Wei Yongjun <yongjun_wei@trendmicro.com.cn>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Han Pingtian found a typo in Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt about
"kernelcore=", that "kernelcore" should be replaced with "Movable" here.
Signed-off-by: NWeiping Pan <wpan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Which disables in the ticketlock slowpath the Xen PV optimization's.
Useful for diagnosing issues and comparing benchmarks in
over-commit CPU scenarios.
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Rename the new 'recover_locks' kernel parameter to 'recover_lost_locks'
and change the default to 'false'. Document why in
Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

Move the 'recover_lost_locks' kernel parameter to fs/nfs/super.c to
make it easy to backport to kernels prior to 3.6.x, which don't have
a separate NFSv4 module.
Signed-off-by: NTrond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>

The swapaccount kernel parameter without any values has been removed by
commit a2c8990a ("memsw: remove noswapaccount kernel parameter") but
it seems that we didn't get rid of all the left overs.

Make sure that menuconfig help text and kernel-parameters.txt are clear
about value for the paramter and remove the stalled comment which is not
very much useful on its own.
Signed-off-by: NMichal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: NGergely Risko <gergely@risko.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The virtual console has (undocumented) module parameters to set the
colors for italic and underlined text, but the default text color was
hardcoded for some reason.  This made it impossible to change the color
for startup messages, or to set the default for new virtual consoles.
Add a module parameter for that, and document the entire bunch.

Any hacker who thinks that a command prompt on a "black screen with
white font" is not supicious enough can now use the kernel parameter
vt.color=10 to get a nice, evil green.
Signed-off-by: NClemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

This patch changes the "acpi_osi=" boot parameter implementation so
that:
1. "acpi_osi=!" can be used to disable all _OSI OS vendor strings by
   default.  It is meaningless to specify "acpi_osi=!" multiple
   times as it can only affect the default state of the target _OSI
   strings.
2. "acpi_osi=!*" can be used to remove all _OSI OS vendor strings
   and all _OSI feature group strings.  It is useful to specify
   "acpi_osi=!*" multiple times through kernel command line to
   override the current state of the target _OSI strings.
Signed-off-by: NLv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NZhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
Acked-by: NLen Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

This patch introduces "acpi_osi=!" command line to force Linux replying
"UNSUPPORTED" to all of the _OSI strings.  This patch is based on an
ACPICA enhancement - the new API acpi_update_interfaces().

The _OSI object provides the platform with the ability to query OSPM
to determine the set of ACPI related interfaces, behaviors, or
features that the operating system supports.  The argument passed to
the _OSI is a string like the followings:
1. Feature Group String, examples include
   Module Device
   Processor Device
   3.0 _SCP Extensions
   Processor Aggregator Device
   ...
2. OS Vendor String, examples include
   Linux
   FreeBSD
   Windows
   ...

There are AML codes provided in the ACPI namespace written in the
following style to determine OSPM interfaces / features:
    Method(OSCK)
    {
        if (CondRefOf(_OSI, Local0))
        {
            if (\_OSI("Windows"))
            {
                Return (One)
            }
            if (\_OSI("Windows 2006"))
            {
                Return (Ones)
            }
            Return (Zero)
        }
        Return (Zero)
    }

There is a debugging facility implemented in Linux.  Users can pass
"acpi_osi=" boot parameters to the kernel to tune the _OSI evaluation
result so that certain AML codes can be executed.  Current
implementation includes:
1. 'acpi_osi=' - this makes CondRefOf(_OSI, Local0) TRUE
2. 'acpi_osi="Windows"' - this makes \_OSI("Windows") TRUE
3. 'acpi_osi="!Windows"' - this makes \_OSI("Windows") FALSE
The function to implement this feature is also used as a quirk mechanism
in the Linux ACPI subystem.

When _OSI is evaluatated by the AML codes, ACPICA replies "SUPPORTED"
to all Windows operating system vendor strings.  This is because
Windows operating systems return "SUPPORTED" if the argument to the
_OSI method specifies an earlier version of Windows.  Please refer to
the following MSDN document:

How to Identify the Windows Version in ACPI by Using _OSI
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hardware/gg463275.aspx

This adds difficulties when developers want to feed specific Windows
operating system vendor string to the BIOS codes for debugging
purpose, multiple acpi_osi="!xxx" have to be specified in the command
line to force Linux replying "UNSUPPORTED" to the Windows OS vendor
strings listed in the AML codes.
Signed-off-by: NLv Zheng <lv.zheng@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: NZhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
Acked-by: NLen Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

Merge together the unicore32, arm, and x86 reboot= command line
parameter handling.
Signed-off-by: NRobin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Russ Anderson <rja@sgi.com>
Cc: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NGuan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Acked-by: NRussell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add description for video module's parameter brightness_switch_enabled
into kernel-parameters.txt.
Signed-off-by: NAaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

This patch moves the integrity_audit_msg() function and defintion to
security/integrity/, the parent directory, renames the 'ima_audit'
boot command line option to 'integrity_audit', and fixes the Kconfig
help text to reflect the actual code.

Changelog:
- Fixed ifdef inclusion of integrity_audit_msg() (Fengguang Wu)
Signed-off-by: NMimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Add a traceoff_on_warning option in both the kernel command line as well
as a sysctl option. When set, any WARN*() function that is hit will cause
the tracing_on variable to be cleared, which disables writing to the
ring buffer.

This is useful especially when tracing a bug with function tracing. When
a warning is hit, the print caused by the warning can flood the trace with
the functions that producing the output for the warning. This can make the
resulting trace useless by either hiding where the bug happened, or worse,
by overflowing the buffer and losing the trace of the bug totally.
Acked-by: NPeter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The package power limit notification interrupt is primarily for
system diagnosis, and should not be blindly enabled on every
system by default -- particuarly since Linux does nothing in the
handler except count how many times it has been called...

Add a new kernel cmdline parameter "int_pln_enable" for situations where
users want to oberve these events via existing system counters:

$ grep TRM /proc/interrupts

$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/thermal_throttle/*

https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=36182Signed-off-by: NFenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLen Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NTony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>

Some device require DMADIR to be enabled, but are not detected as such
by atapi_id_dmadir.  One such example is "Asus Serillel 2"
SATA-host-to-PATA-device bridge: the bridge itself requires DMADIR,
even if the bridged device does not.

As atapi_dmadir module parameter can cause problems with some devices
(as per Tejun Heo's memory), enabling it globally may not be possible
depending on the hardware.

This patch adds atapi_dmadir in the form of a "force" horkage value,
allowing global, per-bus and per-device control.
Signed-off-by: NVincent Pelletier <plr.vincent@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

Commit d1a6f4f1
"block: delete super ancient PC-XT driver for 1980's hardware"
deleted the XD disk driver, but there are still a few
references to it in the documentation directory. Delete
the remnants and thus also free up the major block device
13 for reuse.

Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

There is no point. We would just squeeze the guest to put more and
more pages in the swap disk without any purpose.

The only time it makes sense to use the selfballooning and shrinking
is when frontswap is being utilized.
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

If tmem is built-in or a module, the user has the option on
the command line to influence it by doing: tmem.<some option>
instead of having a variety of "nocleancache", and
"nofrontswap". The others: "noselfballooning" and "selfballooning";
and "noselfshrink" are in a different driver xen-selfballoon.c
and the patches:

 xen/tmem: Remove the usage of 'noselfshrink' and use 'tmem.selfshrink' bool instead.
 xen/tmem: Remove the usage of 'noselfballoon','selfballoon' and use 'tmem.selfballon' bool instead.

remove them.

Also add documentation.
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Workqueues can be performance or power-oriented. Currently, most workqueues are
bound to the CPU they were created on. This gives good performance (due to cache
effects) at the cost of potentially waking up otherwise idle cores (Idle from
scheduler's perspective. Which may or may not be physically idle) just to
process some work. To save power, we can allow the work to be rescheduled on a
core that is already awake.

Workqueues created with the WQ_UNBOUND flag will allow some power savings.
However, we don't change the default behaviour of the system.  To enable
power-saving behaviour, a new config option CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT needs to
be turned on. This option can also be overridden by the
workqueue.power_efficient boot parameter.

tj: Updated config description and comments.  Renamed
    CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT to CONFIG_WQ_POWER_EFFICIENT_DEFAULT.
Signed-off-by: NViresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: NAmit Kucheria <amit.kucheria@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>

This is primarily useful when there's a driver that doesn't claim clocks
properly, but the bootloader leaves them on. It's not expected to be used
in normal cases, but for bringup and debug it's very useful to have the
option to not gate unclaimed clocks that are still on.
Signed-off-by: NOlof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Signed-off-by: NMike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>
[mturquette@linaro.org: fixed up trivial merge issue]

Document the new kernel commandline parameters in the
appropriate file.
Reviewed-by: NShuah Khan <shuahkhan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJoerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>

We need full dynticks CPU to also be RCU nocb so
that we don't have to keep the tick to handle RCU
callbacks.

Make sure the range passed to nohz_full= boot
parameter is a subset of rcu_nocbs=

The CPUs that fail to meet this requirement will be
excluded from the nohz_full range. This is checked
early in boot time, before any CPU has the opportunity
to stop its tick.
Suggested-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Hakan Akkan <hakanakkan@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

The timekeeping job must be able to run early on boot
because there may be some pre-SMP (and thus pre-initcalls )
components that rely on it. The IO-APIC is one such users
as it tests the timer health by watching jiffies progression.

Given that it happens before we know the initial online
set, we can't rely on it to select a timekeeper. We need
one before SMP time otherwise we simply crash on boot.

To fix this and keep things simple for now, force the boot CPU
outside of the full dynticks range in any case and do this early
on kernel parameter parsing time.

We might want a trickier solution later, expecially for aSMP
architectures that need to assign housekeeping tasks to arbitrary
low power CPUs.

But it's still first pass KISS time for now.
Reviewed-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Hakan Akkan <hakanakkan@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Per hpa, use crashkernel=X,high crashkernel=Y,low instead of
crashkernel_hign=X crashkernel_low=Y. As that could be extensible.

-v2: according to Vivek, change delimiter to ;
-v3: let hign and low only handle simple form and it conforms to
	description in kernel-parameters.txt
     still keep crashkernel=X override any crashkernel=X,high
        crashkernel=Y,low
-v4: update get_last_crashkernel returning and add more strict
     checking in parse_crashkernel_simple() found by HATAYAMA.
-v5: Change delimiter back to , according to HPA.
     also separate parse_suffix from parse_simper according to vivek.
	so we can avoid @pos in that path.
-v6: Tight the checking about crashkernel=X,highblahblah,high
     found by HTYAYAMA.

Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1366089828-19692-5-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgAcked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Vivek found old kexec-tools does not work new kernel anymore.

So change back crashkernel= back to old behavoir, and add crashkernel_high=
to let user decide if buffer could be above 4G, and also new kexec-tools will
be needed.

-v2: let crashkernel=X override crashkernel_high=
    update description about _high will be ignored by crashkernel=X
-v3: update description about kernel-parameters.txt according to Vivek.
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1366089828-19692-4-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgAcked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Chao said that kdump does does work well on his system on 3.8
without extra parameter, even iommu does not work with kdump.
And now have to append crashkernel_low=Y in first kernel to make
kdump work.

We have now modified crashkernel=X to allocate memory beyong 4G (if
available) and do not allocate low range for crashkernel if the user
does not specify that with crashkernel_low=Y.  This causes regression
if iommu is not enabled.  Without iommu, swiotlb needs to be setup in
first 4G and there is no low memory available to second kernel.

Set crashkernel_low automatically if the user does not specify that.

For system that does support IOMMU with kdump properly, user could
specify crashkernel_low=0 to save that 72M low ram.

-v3: add swiotlb_size() according to Konrad.
-v4: add comments what 8M is for according to hpa.
     also update more crashkernel_low= in kernel-parameters.txt
-v5: update changelog according to Vivek.
-v6: Change description about swiotlb referring according to HATAYAMA.
Reported-by: NWANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Tested-by: NWANG Chao <chaowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1366089828-19692-2-git-send-email-yinghai@kernel.orgAcked-by: NVivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>

Using this parameter one can disable the storage_size/2 check if
he is really sure that the UEFI does sane gc and fulfills the spec.

This parameter is useful if a devices uses more than 50% of the
storage by default.
The Intel DQSW67 desktop board is such a sucker for exmaple.
Signed-off-by: NRichard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: NMatt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>

Add remoteproc platform device for controlling the DSP
on da8xx. The patch uses CMA-based reservation of physical
memory block for DSP use. A new kernel command-line parameter
has been added to allow boot-time specification of the physical
memory block.
Signed-off-by: NRobert Tivy <rtivy@ti.com>
[nsekhar@ti.com: edit commit message for readability and
style improvements]
Signed-off-by: NSekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>

"Extended nohz" was used as a naming base for the full dynticks
API and Kconfig symbols. It reflects the fact the system tries
to stop the tick in more places than just idle.

But that "extended" name is a bit opaque and vague. Rename it to
"full" makes it clearer what the system tries to do under this
config: try to shutdown the tick anytime it can. The various
constraints that prevent that to happen shouldn't be considered
as fundamental properties of this feature but rather technical
issues that may be solved in the future.
Reported-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Hakan Akkan <hakanakkan@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt and
Documentation/x86/x86_64/boot-options.txt contain virtually
identical text describing earlyprintk.

This consolidates the two copies and updates the documentation a
bit.  No one ever documented the:

	earlyprintk=serial,0x1008,115200

syntax, nor mentioned that ARM is now a supported earlyprintk
arch.
Signed-off-by: NDave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130410210338.E2930E98@viggo.jf.intel.comSigned-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

workqueue: update sysfs interface to reflect NUMA awareness and a kernel param to disable NUMA affinity

Unbound workqueues are now NUMA aware.  Let's add some control knobs
and update sysfs interface accordingly.

* Add kernel param workqueue.numa_disable which disables NUMA affinity
  globally.

* Replace sysfs file "pool_id" with "pool_ids" which contain
  node:pool_id pairs.  This change is userland-visible but "pool_id"
  hasn't seen a release yet, so this is okay.

* Add a new sysf files "numa" which can toggle NUMA affinity on
  individual workqueues.  This is implemented as attrs->no_numa whichn
  is special in that it isn't part of a pool's attributes.  It only
  affects how apply_workqueue_attrs() picks which pools to use.

After "pool_ids" change, first_pwq() doesn't have any user left.
Removed.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: NLai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>

The PPC specific kernel parameter 'noresidual' was removed in v2.6.27,
though commit 917f0af9 ("powerpc: Remove
arch/ppc and include/asm-ppc").
Signed-off-by: NPaul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: NJiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>

Signed-off-by: NPaul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: NJiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>

Because RCU callbacks are now associated with the number of the grace
period that they must wait for, CPUs can now take advance callbacks
corresponding to grace periods that ended while a given CPU was in
dyntick-idle mode.  This eliminates the need to try forcing the RCU
state machine while entering idle, thus reducing the CPU intensiveness
of RCU_FAST_NO_HZ, which should increase its energy efficiency.
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>

Currently, the per-no-CBs-CPU kthreads are named "rcuo" followed by
the CPU number, for example, "rcuo".  This is problematic given that
there are either two or three RCU flavors, each of which gets a per-CPU
kthread with exactly the same name.  This commit therefore introduces
a one-letter abbreviation for each RCU flavor, namely 'b' for RCU-bh,
'p' for RCU-preempt, and 's' for RCU-sched.  This abbreviation is used
to distinguish the "rcuo" kthreads, for example, for CPU 0 we would have
"rcuob/0", "rcuop/0", and "rcuos/0".
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NDietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@arm.com>

For extreme usecases such as Real Time or HPC, having
the ability to shutdown the tick when a single task runs
on a CPU is a desired feature:

* Reducing the amount of interrupts improves throughput
for CPU-bound tasks. The CPU is less distracted from its
real job, from an execution time and from the cache point
of views.

* This also improve latency response as we have less critical
sections.

Start with introducing a very simple interface to define
full dynticks CPU: use a boot time option defined cpumask
through the "nohz_extended=" kernel parameter. CPUs that
are part of this range will have their tick shutdown
whenever possible: provided they run a single task and
they don't do kernel activity that require the periodic
tick. These details will be later documented in
Documentation/*

An online CPU must be kept outside this range to handle the
timekeeping.
Suggested-by: NPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NFrederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Geoff Levand <geoff@infradead.org>
Cc: Gilad Ben Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Hakan Akkan <hakanakkan@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@linaro.org>
Cc: Li Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

If debugging the kernel, and the developer wants to use
tracing_snapshot() in places where tracing_snapshot_alloc() may
be difficult (or more likely, the developer is lazy and doesn't
want to bother with tracing_snapshot_alloc() at all), then adding

  alloc_snapshot

to the kernel command line parameter will tell ftrace to allocate
the snapshot buffer (if configured) when it allocates the main
tracing buffer.

I also noticed that ring_buffer_expanded and tracing_selftest_disabled
had inconsistent use of boolean "true" and "false" with "0" and "1".
I cleaned that up too.
Signed-off-by: NSteven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Add basic metag documentation. This includes an outline description of
the ABIs (including syscall ABI) and calling conventions, similar to the
one in Documentation/frv/.
Signed-off-by: NJames Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org

Tim found:

  WARNING: at arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c:324 topology_sane.isra.2+0x6f/0x80()
  Hardware name: S2600CP
  sched: CPU #1's llc-sibling CPU #0 is not on the same node! [node: 1 != 0]. Ignoring dependency.
  smpboot: Booting Node   1, Processors  #1
  Modules linked in:
  Pid: 0, comm: swapper/1 Not tainted 3.9.0-0-generic #1
  Call Trace:
    set_cpu_sibling_map+0x279/0x449
    start_secondary+0x11d/0x1e5

Don Morris reproduced on a HP z620 workstation, and bisected it to
commit e8d19552 ("acpi, memory-hotplug: parse SRAT before memblock
is ready")

It turns out movable_map has some problems, and it breaks several things

1. numa_init is called several times, NOT just for srat. so those
	nodes_clear(numa_nodes_parsed)
	memset(&numa_meminfo, 0, sizeof(numa_meminfo))
   can not be just removed.  Need to consider sequence is: numaq, srat, amd, dummy.
   and make fall back path working.

2. simply split acpi_numa_init to early_parse_srat.
   a. that early_parse_srat is NOT called for ia64, so you break ia64.
   b.  for (i = 0; i < MAX_LOCAL_APIC; i++)
	     set_apicid_to_node(i, NUMA_NO_NODE)
     still left in numa_init. So it will just clear result from early_parse_srat.
     it should be moved before that....
   c.  it breaks ACPI_TABLE_OVERIDE...as the acpi table scan is moved
       early before override from INITRD is settled.

3. that patch TITLE is total misleading, there is NO x86 in the title,
   but it changes critical x86 code. It caused x86 guys did not
   pay attention to find the problem early. Those patches really should
   be routed via tip/x86/mm.

4. after that commit, following range can not use movable ram:
  a. real_mode code.... well..funny, legacy Node0 [0,1M) could be hot-removed?
  b. initrd... it will be freed after booting, so it could be on movable...
  c. crashkernel for kdump...: looks like we can not put kdump kernel above 4G
	anymore.
  d. init_mem_mapping: can not put page table high anymore.
  e. initmem_init: vmemmap can not be high local node anymore. That is
     not good.

If node is hotplugable, the mem related range like page table and
vmemmap could be on the that node without problem and should be on that
node.

We have workaround patch that could fix some problems, but some can not
be fixed.

So just remove that offending commit and related ones including:

 f7210e6c ("mm/memblock.c: use CONFIG_HAVE_MEMBLOCK_NODE_MAP to
    protect movablecore_map in memblock_overlaps_region().")

 01a178a9 ("acpi, memory-hotplug: support getting hotplug info from
    SRAT")

 27168d38 ("acpi, memory-hotplug: extend movablemem_map ranges to
    the end of node")

 e8d19552 ("acpi, memory-hotplug: parse SRAT before memblock is
    ready")

 fb06bc8e ("page_alloc: bootmem limit with movablecore_map")

 42f47e27 ("page_alloc: make movablemem_map have higher priority")

 6981ec31 ("page_alloc: introduce zone_movable_limit[] to keep
    movable limit for nodes")

 34b71f1e ("page_alloc: add movable_memmap kernel parameter")

 4d59a751 ("x86: get pg_data_t's memory from other node")

Later we should have patches that will make sure kernel put page table
and vmemmap on local node ram instead of push them down to node0.  Also
need to find way to put other kernel used ram to local node ram.
Reported-by: NTim Gardner <tim.gardner@canonical.com>
Reported-by: NDon Morris <don.morris@hp.com>
Bisected-by: NDon Morris <don.morris@hp.com>
Tested-by: NDon Morris <don.morris@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: NYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Both the PowerPC hypervisor and Xen hypervisor can utilize the
hvc driver.

Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NKonrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1361825650-14031-3-git-send-email-konrad.wilk@oracle.com
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NH. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>