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提交 65fdd0ef 编写于 作者: R Rossen Stoyanchev
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[docs] Updates for exception handling in web sections 

Issue: SPR-16394
上级 9dd3cd98
隐藏空白更改
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Showing with 372 addition and 108 deletion
src/docs/asciidoc/web/webflux.adoc
浏览文件 @ 65fdd0ef
......@@ -448,31 +448,21 @@ This can be automated through the use of
[[webflux-web-handler-api]]
=== WebHandler
=== WebHandler API
`HttpHandler` is the lowest level contract for running on different HTTP servers.
On top of that foundation, the WebHandler API provides a slightly higher level, but
still general purpose, set of components that form a chain of
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebExceptionHandler.html[WebExceptionHandler's],
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebFilter.html[WebFilter's], and a
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebHandler.html[WebHandler].
The WebHandler API is a general purpose, server, web API for processing requests through a
chain of {api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebExceptionHandler.html[WebExceptionHandler's],
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebFilter.html[WebFilter's], and a target
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/WebHandler.html[WebHandler]. The chain can be assembled
with `WebHttpHandlerBuilder` either by adding components to the builder or by having them
detected from a Spring `ApplicationContext`. The builder returns an
<<webflux-httphandler>> that can then be used to run on any of the supported servers.
All WebHandler API components take `ServerWebExchange` as input which goes beyond
`ServerHttpRequest` and `ServerHttpResponse` to provide extra building blocks for
use in web applications such as request attributes, session attributes, access to parsed
form data, multipart data, and more.
`WebHttpHandlerBuilder` is used to assemble a request processing chain. You can use
methods on the builder to add components manually, or more likely have them detected from
a Spring `ApplicationContext`, with the resulting `HttpHandler` ready to run via a
<<webflux-httphandler,server adapter>>:
[source,java,indent=0]
[subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
ApplicationContext context = ...
HttpHandler handler = WebHttpHandlerBuilder.applicationContext(context).build()
----
While `HttpHandler` aims to be the most minimal contract across HTTP servers, the
WebHandler API provides essential features commonly used to build web applications.
For example, the `ServerWebExchange` available to WebHandler API components provides
access not only to the request and response, but also to request and session attributes,
access to parsed form data, multipart data, and more.
......@@ -488,12 +478,14 @@ The table below lists the components that `WebHttpHandlerBuilder` detects:
| <any>
| `WebExceptionHandler`
| 0..N
| Exception handlers to apply after all ``WebFilter``'s and the target `WebHandler`.
| Provide handling for exceptions from the chain of ``WebFilter``'s and the target
`WebHandler`. For more details, see <<webflux-exception-handler>>.
| <any>
| `WebFilter`
| 0..N
| Filters to invoke before and after the target `WebHandler`.
| Apply interception style logic to before and after the rest of the filter chain and
the target `WebHandler`. For more details, see <<webflux-filters>>.
| "webHandler"
| `WebHandler`
......@@ -645,9 +637,13 @@ a heartbeat and ignore.
=== Filters
[.small]#<<web.adoc#filters,Same in Spring MVC>>#
As part of the <<webflux-web-handler-api>>, the `spring-web` module provides a number of
`WebFilter` implementations.
In the <<webflux-web-handler-api>>, a `WebFilter` can be used to apply interception-style
logic before and after the rest of the processing chain of filters and the target
`WebHandler`. When using the <<webflux-config>>, registering a `WebFilter` is as simple
as declaring it as a Spring bean, and optionally expressing precedence via `@Order` on
the bean declaration or by implementing `Ordered`.
The following describe the available `WebFilter` implementations:
[[webflux-filters-forwarded-headers]]
......@@ -690,6 +686,37 @@ See the section on <<webflux-cors>> and the <<webflux-cors-webfilter>> for more
[[webflux-exception-handler]]
=== Exceptions
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-customer-servlet-container-error-page,Same in Spring MVC>>#
In the <<webflux-web-handler-api>>, a `WebExceptionHandler` can be used to to handle
exceptions from the chain of ``WebFilter``'s and the target `WebHandler`. When using the
<<webflux-config>>, registering a `WebExceptionHandler` is as simple as declaring it as a
Spring bean, and optionally expressing precedence via `@Order` on the bean declaration or
by implementing `Ordered`.
Below are the available `WebExceptionHandler` implementations:
[cols="1,2", options="header"]
|===
| Exception Handler | Description
| `ResponseStatusExceptionHandler`
| Provides handling for exceptions of type
{api-spring-framework}/web/server/ResponseStatusException.html[ResponseStatusException]
by setting the response to the HTTP status code of the exception.
| `WebFluxResponseStatusExceptionHandler`
| Extension of `ResponseStatusExceptionHandler` that can also determine the HTTP status
code an `@ResponseStatus` annotation on any exception.
This handler is declared in the <<webflux-config>>.
|===
[[webflux-dispatcher-handler]]
== DispatcherHandler
......@@ -805,24 +832,60 @@ processing by writing to the response directly or using a view to render.
[[webflux-resulthandling]]
=== Result Handling
When `DispatcherHandler` needs to process the return value from a handler, it finds a
`HandlerResultHandler` that support it and invokes it. The available implementations are
listed below with their default order (all are declared in the <<webflux-config>>):
The return value from the invocation of a handler, through a `HandlerAdapter`, is wrapped
as `HandlerResult`, along with some additional context, and passed to the first
`HandlerResultHandler` that claims support for it. The table below shows the available
`HandlerResultHandler` implementations all of which are declared in the <<webflux-config>>:
[cols="1,2,1", options="header"]
|===
| Result Handler Type | Return Values | Default Order
| `ResponseEntityResultHandler`
| `ResponseEntity`, typically from ``@Controller``'s.
| 0
| `ServerResponseResultHandler`
| `ServerResponse`, typically from functional endpoints.
| 0
| `ResponseBodyResultHandler`
| Handle return values from `@ResponseBody` methods or `@RestController` classes.
| 100
| `ViewResolutionResultHandler`
| `CharSequence` or {api-spring-framework}/web/reactive/result/view/View.html[View],
{api-spring-framework}/ui/Model.html[Model] or `Map`,
{api-spring-framework}/web/reactive/result/view/Rendering.html[Rendering],
or any other Object is treated as a model attribute.
Also see <<webflux-viewresolution>>.
| `Integer.MAX_VALUE`
|===
[[webflux-dispatcher-exceptions]]
=== Exceptions
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-exceptionhandlers,Same in Spring MVC>>#
The `HandlerResult` returned from a `HandlerAdapter` may expose a function for error
handling based on some handler-specific mechanism. This error function is called if:
* the handler (e.g. `@Controller`) invocation fails.
* handling of the handler return value through a `HandlerResultHandler` fails.
* `ResponseEntityResultHandler` -- handles `ResponseEntity` return values typically
returned from annotated controllers. The order is set to 0 since it safely matches return
values by type.
* `ServerResponseResultHandler` -- supports `ServerResponse` return values typically
returned from functional endpoints. The order is set to 0 since it safely matches return
values by type.
* `ResponseBodyResultHandler` -- handles return values from `@ResponseBody` methods or
`@RestController` classes. The order is set to 100, i.e. after result handlers that
check for a specific type.
* `ViewResolutionResultHandler` -- performs the <<webflux-viewresolution>> algorithm for
HTML template rendering. The order is set to `Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE` since it
supports several specific types, e.g. `String`, `Map`, `Rendering`, and others, but will
also treat any other Object as a model attribute. This is why it needs to be last in
the order.
The error function can change the response, e.g. to an error status, as long as an error
signal occurs before the reactive type returned from the handler produces any data items.
This is how `@ExceptionHandler` methods in `@Controller` classes are supported.
By contrast, support for the same in Spring MVC is built on a `HandlerExceptionResolver`.
This generally shouldn't matter, however, keep in mind that in WebFlux you cannot use a
`@ControllerAdvice` to handle exceptions that occur before a handler is chosen.
See also <<webflux-ann-controller-exceptions>> in the Annotated Controller section, or
<<webflux-exception-handler>> in the WebHandler API section.
......@@ -2159,15 +2222,19 @@ controller method. Use a composite interface if you need to activate multiple vi
[[webflux-ann-modelattrib-methods]]
=== Model Methods
=== Model
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-modelattrib-methods,Same in Spring MVC>>#
The `@ModelAttribute` annotation can be used on `@RequestMapping`
<<webflux-ann-modelattrib-method-args,method arguments>> to create or access an Object
from the model and bind it to the request. `@ModelAttribute` can also be used as a
method-level annotation on controller methods whose purpose is not to handle requests
but to add commonly needed model attributes prior to request handling.
The `@ModelAttribute` annotation can be used:
* On a <<webflux-ann-modelattrib-method-args,method argument>> in `@RequestMapping` methods
to create or access an Object from the model, and to bind it to the request through a
`WebDataBinder`.
* As a method-level annotation in `@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` classes helping
to initialize the model prior to any `@RequestMapping` method invocation.
* On a `@RequestMapping` method to mark its return value is a model attribute.
This section discusses `@ModelAttribute` methods, or the 2nd from the list above.
A controller can have any number of `@ModelAttribute` methods. All such methods are
invoked before `@RequestMapping` methods in the same controller. A `@ModelAttribute`
method can also be shared across controllers via `@ControllerAdvice`. See the section on
......@@ -2253,14 +2320,16 @@ as a view name. `@ModelAttribute` can also help to customize the model attribute
[[webflux-ann-initbinder]]
=== Binder Methods
=== DataBinder
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-initbinder,Same in Spring MVC>>#
`@InitBinder` methods in an `@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` class can be used to
customize type conversion for method arguments that represent String-based request values
(e.g. request parameters, path variables, headers, cookies, and others). Type conversion
also applies during data binding of request parameters onto `@ModelAttribute` arguments
(i.e. command objects).
`@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` classes can have `@InitBinder` methods in order to
initialize instances of `WebDataBinder`, and those in turn are used to:
* Bind request parameters (i.e. form data or query) to a model object.
* Convert String-based request values such as request parameters, path variables,
headers, cookies, and others, to the target type of controller method arguments.
* Format model object values as String values when rendering HTML forms.
`@InitBinder` methods can register controller-specific `java.bean.PropertyEditor`, or
Spring `Converter` and `Formatter` components. In addition, the
......@@ -2310,6 +2379,73 @@ controller-specific ``Formatter``'s:
[[webflux-ann-controller-exceptions]]
=== Exceptions
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-exceptionhandler,Same in Spring MVC>>#
`@Controller` and <<mvc-ann-controller-advice,@ControllerAdvice>> classes can have
`@ExceptionHandler` methods to handle exceptions from controller methods. For example:
[source,java,indent=0]
[subs="verbatim,quotes"]
----
@Controller
public class SimpleController {
// ...
@ExceptionHandler
public ResponseEntity<String> handle(IOException ex) {
// ...
}
}
----
The annotation can list the exception types to match. Or simply declare the target
exception as a method argument as shown above. When multiple exception methods match,
a root exception match is generally preferred to a cause exception match. More formally
the `ExceptionDepthComparator` is used to sort exceptions based on their depth from the
thrown exception type.
In a multi-`@ControllerAdvice` arrangement, please declare your primary root exception
mappings on a `@ControllerAdvice` prioritized with a corresponding order. While a root
exception match is preferred to a cause, this is mainly among the methods of a given
controller or `@ControllerAdvice`. That means a cause match on a higher-priority
`@ControllerAdvice` is preferred to any match (e.g. root) on a lower-priority
`@ControllerAdvice`.
Support for `@ExceptionHandler` methods in Spring WebFlux is provided by the
`HandlerAdapter` for `@RequestMapping` methods. See <<webflux-dispatcher-exceptions>>
under the `DispatcherHandler` section for more details.
An `@ExceptionHandler` method in WebFlux supports the same method arguments and return
values as an `@RequestMapping` method does with the exception of request body and
`@ModelAttribute` related method arguments.
[[webflux-ann-rest-exceptions]]
==== REST API exceptions
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-rest-exceptions,Same in Spring MVC>>#
A common requirement for REST services is to include error details in the body of the
response. The Spring Framework does not automatically do this because the representation
of error details in the response body is application specific. However a
`@RestController` may use `@ExceptionHandler` methods with a `ResponseEntity` return
value to set the status and the body of the response. Such methods may also be declared
in `@ControllerAdvice` classes to apply them globally.
[NOTE]
====
Note that Spring WebFlux does not have an equivalent for the Spring MVC
`ResponseEntityExceptionHandler` because WebFlux only raises `ResponseStatusException`
(or sub-classes of), which and those do not need to be translated translation to an HTTP
status code.
====
[[webflux-ann-controller-advice]]
=== Controller Advice
[.small]#<<web.adoc#mvc-ann-controller-advice,Same in Spring MVC>>#
......
src/docs/asciidoc/web/webmvc.adoc
浏览文件 @ 65fdd0ef
......@@ -507,13 +507,13 @@ declare it as an <<mvc-ann-controller-advice>> bean or configure it directly on
[[mvc-exceptionhandlers]]
=== Exception Resolution
=== Exceptions
[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-dispatcher-exceptions,Same in Spring WebFlux>>#
If an exception occurs during the mapping or the invocation of a request handler (e.g. an
`@Controller`), the `DispatcherServlet` delegates to a chain of `HandlerExceptionResolver`
beans to try and resolve the exception and to provide alternative handling for it, which
typically means preparing an error response whether an HTML error page, an error status,
or both.
If an exception occurs during request mapping or is thrown from a request handler such as
an `@Controller`, the `DispatcherServlet` delegates to a chain of `HandlerExceptionResolver`
beans to resolve the exception and provide alternative handling, which typically is an
error response.
The table below lists the available `HandlerExceptionResolver` implementations:
......@@ -536,29 +536,27 @@ The table below lists the available `HandlerExceptionResolver` implementations:
| `ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver`
| Resolves exceptions by invoking an `@ExceptionHandler` method in an `@Controller` or an
`@ControllerAdvice` class. See <<mvc-ann-exceptionhandler>>.
`@ControllerAdvice` class. See <<mvc-ann-exceptionhandler,@ExceptionHandler methods>>.
|===
[[mvc-excetionhandlers-handling]]
==== Handling
==== Chain of resolvers
You chain exception resolvers by declaring more than one exception resolver beans and,
if necessary, setting the `order` property to specify ordering. Remember, the higher the
order property, the later the exception resolver is positioned in the chain.
You can form an exception resolver chain simply by declaring multiple `HandlerExceptionResolver`
beans in your Spring configuration and setting their `order` properties as needed.
The higher the order property, the later the exception resolver is positioned.
The contract of `HandlerExceptionResolver` specifies that it __can__ return:
The contract of `HandlerExceptionResolver` specifies that it can return:
* `ModelAndView` that points to an error view.
* Empty `ModelAndView` if the exception was handled within the resolver.
* `null` if the exception remains unresolved, for subsequent resolvers to try; if the
exception remains unresolved by any resolver, it is re-thrown and left to propagate to
the Servlet container.
* `null` if the exception remains unresolved, for subsequent resolvers to try; and if the
exception remains at the end, it is allowed to bubble up to the Servlet container.
To configure exception handling is as simple as adding `HandlerExceptionResolver` beans
to your Spring configuration. The <<mvc-config>> automatically declares built-in
resolvers for default Spring MVC exceptions, for `@ResponseStatus` annotated exceptions,
and for support of `@ExceptionHandler` methods. You can customize that list or replace it.
The <<mvc-config>> automatically declares built-in resolvers for default Spring MVC
exceptions, for `@ResponseStatus` annotated exceptions, and for support of
`@ExceptionHandler` methods. You can customize that list or replace it.
[[mvc-ann-customer-servlet-container-error-page]]
......@@ -2655,15 +2653,19 @@ customized through `jsonpParameterNames` property.
[[mvc-ann-modelattrib-methods]]
=== Model Methods
=== Model
[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-ann-modelattrib-methods,Same in Spring WebFlux>>#
The `@ModelAttribute` annotation can be used on `@RequestMapping`
<<mvc-ann-modelattrib-method-args,method arguments>> to create or access an Object
from the model and bind it to the request. `@ModelAttribute` can also be used as a
method-level annotation on controller methods whose purpose is not to handle requests
but to add commonly needed model attributes prior to request handling.
The `@ModelAttribute` annotation can be used:
* On a <<mvc-ann-modelattrib-method-args,method argument>> in `@RequestMapping` methods
to create or access an Object from the model, and to bind it to the request through a
`WebDataBinder`.
* As a method-level annotation in `@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` classes helping
to initialize the model prior to any `@RequestMapping` method invocation.
* On a `@RequestMapping` method to mark its return value is a model attribute.
This section discusses `@ModelAttribute` methods, or the 2nd from the list above.
A controller can have any number of `@ModelAttribute` methods. All such methods are
invoked before `@RequestMapping` methods in the same controller. A `@ModelAttribute`
method can also be shared across controllers via `@ControllerAdvice`. See the section on
......@@ -2728,14 +2730,16 @@ the model attribute name:
[[mvc-ann-initbinder]]
=== Binder Methods
=== DataBinder
[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-ann-initbinder,Same in Spring WebFlux>>#
`@InitBinder` methods in an `@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` class can be used to
customize type conversion for method arguments that represent String-based request values
(e.g. request parameters, path variables, headers, cookies, and others). Type conversion
also applies during data binding of request parameters onto `@ModelAttribute` arguments
(i.e. command objects).
`@Controller` or `@ControllerAdvice` classes can have `@InitBinder` methods in order to
initialize instances of `WebDataBinder`, and those in turn are used to:
* Bind request parameters (i.e. form data or query) to a model object.
* Convert String-based request values such as request parameters, path variables,
headers, cookies, and others, to the target type of controller method arguments.
* Format model object values as String values when rendering HTML forms.
`@InitBinder` methods can register controller-specific `java.bean.PropertyEditor`, or
Spring `Converter` and `Formatter` components. In addition, the
......@@ -2787,15 +2791,11 @@ controller-specific ``Formatter``'s:
[[mvc-ann-exceptionhandler]]
=== Exception Methods
`@ExceptionHandler` methods in an `@Controller` can be used to handle exceptions during
request handling from the same controller. An `@ExceptionHandler` can also be declared
in an <<mvc-ann-controller-advice,@ControllerAdvice class>> to apply across controllers.
Support for `@ExceptionHandler` methods in Spring MVC is provided through the
<<mvc-exceptionhandlers,HandlerExceptionResolver>> mechanism.
=== Exceptions
[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-ann-controller-exceptions,Same in Spring WebFlux>>#
Below is an example:
`@Controller` and <<mvc-ann-controller-advice,@ControllerAdvice>> classes can have
`@ExceptionHandler` methods to handle exceptions from controller methods. For example:
[source,java,indent=0]
[subs="verbatim,quotes"]
......@@ -2805,7 +2805,7 @@ Below is an example:
// ...
@ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
@ExceptionHandler
public ResponseEntity<String> handle(IOException ex) {
// ...
}
......@@ -2813,22 +2813,150 @@ Below is an example:
}
----
The value of the `@ExceptionHandler` annotation can be set to an array of Exception types
to match to. Or if the annotation value is not set, then the exception type declared in
the method signature is used instead. `@ExceptionHandler` methods can declare other
arguments too, e.g. the `HttpServletRequest`. The return value type can be a `String`,
which is interpreted as a view name, a `ModelAndView` object, a `ResponseEntity`, or you
can also add the `@ResponseBody` annotation.
The annotation can list the exception types to match. Or simply declare the target
exception as a method argument as shown above. When multiple exception methods match,
a root exception match is generally preferred to a cause exception match. More formally
the `ExceptionDepthComparator` is used to sort exceptions based on their depth from the
thrown exception type.
In a multi-`@ControllerAdvice` arrangement, please declare your primary root exception
mappings on a `@ControllerAdvice` prioritized with a corresponding order. While a root
exception match is preferred to a cause, this is mainly among the methods of a given
controller or `@ControllerAdvice`. That means a cause match on a higher-priority
`@ControllerAdvice` is preferred to any match (e.g. root) on a lower-priority
`@ControllerAdvice`.
Support for `@ExceptionHandler` methods in Spring MVC is built on the `DispatcherServlet`
level, <<mvc-exceptionhandlers,HandlerExceptionResolver>> mechanism.
[[mvc-ann-exceptionhandler-args]]
==== Method arguments
`@ExceptionHandler` methods support the following arguments:
[cols="1,2", options="header"]
|===
| Method argument | Description
| Exception type
| For access to the raised exception.
| `HandlerMethod`
| For access to the controller method that raised the exception.
| `WebRequest`, `NativeWebRequest`
| Generic access to request parameters, request & session attributes, without direct
use of the Servlet API.
| `javax.servlet.ServletRequest`, `javax.servlet.ServletResponse`
| Choose any specific request or response type -- e.g. `ServletRequest`, `HttpServletRequest`,
or Spring's `MultipartRequest`, `MultipartHttpServletRequest`.
| `javax.servlet.http.HttpSession`
| Enforces the presence of a session. As a consequence, such an argument is never `null`. +
**Note:** Session access is not thread-safe. Consider setting the
``RequestMappingHandlerAdapter``'s "synchronizeOnSession" flag to "true" if multiple
requests are allowed to access a session concurrently.
| `java.security.Principal`
| Currently authenticated user; possibly a specific `Principal` implementation class if known.
| `HttpMethod`
| The HTTP method of the request.
| `java.util.Locale`
| The current request locale, determined by the most specific `LocaleResolver` available, in
effect, the configured `LocaleResolver`/`LocaleContextResolver`.
| `java.util.TimeZone` + `java.time.ZoneId`
| The time zone associated with the current request, as determined by a `LocaleContextResolver`.
| `java.io.OutputStream`, `java.io.Writer`
| For access to the raw response body as exposed by the Servlet API.
| `java.util.Map`, `org.springframework.ui.Model`, `org.springframework.ui.ModelMap`
| For access to the model for an error response, always empty.
| `RedirectAttributes`
| Specify attributes to use in case of a redirect -- i.e. to be appended to the query
string, and/or flash attributes to be stored temporarily until the request after redirect.
See <<mvc-redirecting-passing-data>> and <<mvc-flash-attributes>>.
| `@SessionAttribute`
| For access to any session attribute; in contrast to model attributes stored in the session
as a result of a class-level `@SessionAttributes` declaration. See
<<mvc-ann-sessionattribute>> for more details.
| `@RequestAttribute`
| For access to request attributes. See <<mvc-ann-requestattrib>> for more details.
|===
[[mvc-ann-exceptionhandler-return-values]]
==== Return Values
`@ExceptionHandler` methods support the following return values:
[cols="1,2", options="header"]
|===
| Return value | Description
| `@ResponseBody`
| The return value is converted through ``HttpMessageConverter``s and written to the
response. See <<mvc-ann-responsebody>>.
| `HttpEntity<B>`, `ResponseEntity<B>`
| The return value specifies the full response including HTTP headers and body be converted
through ``HttpMessageConverter``s and written to the response.
See <<mvc-ann-responseentity>>.
| `String`
| A view name to be resolved with ``ViewResolver``'s and used together with the implicit
model -- determined through command objects and `@ModelAttribute` methods. The handler
method may also programmatically enrich the model by declaring a `Model` argument
(see above).
| `View`
| A `View` instance to use for rendering together with the implicit model -- determined
through command objects and `@ModelAttribute` methods. The handler method may also
programmatically enrich the model by declaring a `Model` argument (see above).
| `java.util.Map`, `org.springframework.ui.Model`
| Attributes to be added to the implicit model with the view name implicitly determined
through a `RequestToViewNameTranslator`.
| `@ModelAttribute`
| An attribute to be added to the model with the view name implicitly determined through
a `RequestToViewNameTranslator`.
Note that `@ModelAttribute` is optional. See "Any other return value" further below in
this table.
| `ModelAndView` object
| The view and model attributes to use, and optionally a response status.
| `void`
| A method with a `void` return type (or `null` return value) is considered to have fully
handled the response if it also has a `ServletResponse`, or an `OutputStream` argument, or
an `@ResponseStatus` annotation. The same is true also if the controller has made a positive
ETag or lastModified timestamp check (see <<mvc-caching-etag-lastmodified>> for details).
If none of the above is true, a `void` return type may also indicate "no response body" for
REST controllers, or default view name selection for HTML controllers.
| Any other return value
| If a return value is not matched to any of the above, by default it is treated as a
model attribute to be added to the model, unless it is a simple type, as determined by
{api-spring-framework}/beans/BeanUtils.html#isSimpleProperty-java.lang.Class-[BeanUtils#isSimpleProperty]
in which case it remains unresolved.
|===
For `@ExceptionHandler` methods, a root exception match will be preferred to just
matching a cause of the current exception, among the handler methods of a particular
controller or advice bean. However, a cause match on a higher-priority `@ControllerAdvice`
will still be preferred to a any match (whether root or cause level) on a lower-priority
advice bean. As a consequence, when using a multi-advice arrangement, please declare your
primary root exception mappings on a prioritized advice bean with a corresponding order!
[[mvc-ann-rest-exceptions]]
==== REST API exceptions
[.small]#<<web-reactive.adoc#webflux-ann-rest-exceptions,Same in Spring WebFlux>>#
A common requirement for REST services is to include error details in the body of the
response. The Spring Framework does not automatically do this because the representation
......
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