async.ts

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *  Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
 *  Licensed under the MIT License. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

'use strict';

import * as errors from 'vs/base/common/errors';
import * as platform from 'vs/base/common/platform';
import { Promise, TPromise, ValueCallback, ErrorCallback, ProgressCallback } from 'vs/base/common/winjs.base';
import { CancellationToken, CancellationTokenSource } from 'vs/base/common/cancellation';
import { Disposable } from 'vs/base/common/lifecycle';

function isThenable<T>(obj: any): obj is Thenable<T> {
	return obj && typeof (<Thenable<any>>obj).then === 'function';
}

export function toThenable<T>(arg: T | Thenable<T>): Thenable<T> {
	if (isThenable(arg)) {
		return arg;
	} else {
		return TPromise.as(arg);
	}
}

export function asWinJsPromise<T>(callback: (token: CancellationToken) => T | TPromise<T> | Thenable<T>): TPromise<T> {
	let source = new CancellationTokenSource();
	return new TPromise<T>((resolve, reject, progress) => {
		let item = callback(source.token);
		if (item instanceof TPromise) {
			item.then(resolve, reject, progress);
		} else if (isThenable<T>(item)) {
			item.then(resolve, reject);
		} else {
			resolve(item);
		}
	}, () => {
		source.cancel();
	});
}

/**
 * Hook a cancellation token to a WinJS Promise
 */
export function wireCancellationToken<T>(token: CancellationToken, promise: TPromise<T>, resolveAsUndefinedWhenCancelled?: boolean): Thenable<T> {
	const subscription = token.onCancellationRequested(() => promise.cancel());
	if (resolveAsUndefinedWhenCancelled) {
		promise = promise.then(undefined, err => {
			if (!errors.isPromiseCanceledError(err)) {
				return TPromise.wrapError(err);
			}
		});
	}
	return always(promise, () => subscription.dispose());
}

export interface ITask<T> {
	(): T;
}

/**
 * A helper to prevent accumulation of sequential async tasks.
 *
 * Imagine a mail man with the sole task of delivering letters. As soon as
 * a letter submitted for delivery, he drives to the destination, delivers it
 * and returns to his base. Imagine that during the trip, N more letters were submitted.
 * When the mail man returns, he picks those N letters and delivers them all in a
 * single trip. Even though N+1 submissions occurred, only 2 deliveries were made.
 *
 * The throttler implements this via the queue() method, by providing it a task
 * factory. Following the example:
 *
 * 		var throttler = new Throttler();
 * 		var letters = [];
 *
 * 		function deliver() {
 * 			const lettersToDeliver = letters;
 * 			letters = [];
 * 			return makeTheTrip(lettersToDeliver);
 * 		}
 *
 * 		function onLetterReceived(l) {
 * 			letters.push(l);
 * 			throttler.queue(deliver);
 * 		}
 */
export class Throttler {

	private activePromise: Promise;
	private queuedPromise: Promise;
	private queuedPromiseFactory: ITask<Promise>;

	constructor() {
		this.activePromise = null;
		this.queuedPromise = null;
		this.queuedPromiseFactory = null;
	}

	queue<T>(promiseFactory: ITask<TPromise<T>>): TPromise<T> {
		if (this.activePromise) {
			this.queuedPromiseFactory = promiseFactory;

			if (!this.queuedPromise) {
				const onComplete = () => {
					this.queuedPromise = null;

					const result = this.queue(this.queuedPromiseFactory);
					this.queuedPromiseFactory = null;

					return result;
				};

				this.queuedPromise = new Promise((c, e, p) => {
					this.activePromise.then(onComplete, onComplete, p).done(c);
				}, () => {
					this.activePromise.cancel();
				});
			}

			return new Promise((c, e, p) => {
				this.queuedPromise.then(c, e, p);
			}, () => {
				// no-op
			});
		}

		this.activePromise = promiseFactory();

		return new Promise((c, e, p) => {
			this.activePromise.done((result: any) => {
				this.activePromise = null;
				c(result);
			}, (err: any) => {
				this.activePromise = null;
				e(err);
			}, p);
		}, () => {
			this.activePromise.cancel();
		});
	}
}

// TODO@Joao: can the previous throttler be replaced with this?
export class SimpleThrottler {

	private current = TPromise.as(null);

	queue<T>(promiseTask: ITask<TPromise<T>>): TPromise<T> {
		return this.current = this.current.then(() => promiseTask());
	}
}

/**
 * A helper to delay execution of a task that is being requested often.
 *
 * Following the throttler, now imagine the mail man wants to optimize the number of
 * trips proactively. The trip itself can be long, so the he decides not to make the trip
 * as soon as a letter is submitted. Instead he waits a while, in case more
 * letters are submitted. After said waiting period, if no letters were submitted, he
 * decides to make the trip. Imagine that N more letters were submitted after the first
 * one, all within a short period of time between each other. Even though N+1
 * submissions occurred, only 1 delivery was made.
 *
 * The delayer offers this behavior via the trigger() method, into which both the task
 * to be executed and the waiting period (delay) must be passed in as arguments. Following
 * the example:
 *
 * 		var delayer = new Delayer(WAITING_PERIOD);
 * 		var letters = [];
 *
 * 		function letterReceived(l) {
 * 			letters.push(l);
 * 			delayer.trigger(() => { return makeTheTrip(); });
 * 		}
 */
export class Delayer<T> {

	private timeout: number;
	private completionPromise: Promise;
	private onSuccess: ValueCallback;
	private task: ITask<T>;

	constructor(public defaultDelay: number) {
		this.timeout = null;
		this.completionPromise = null;
		this.onSuccess = null;
		this.task = null;
	}

	trigger(task: ITask<T>, delay: number = this.defaultDelay): TPromise<T> {
		this.task = task;
		this.cancelTimeout();

		if (!this.completionPromise) {
			this.completionPromise = new Promise((c) => {
				this.onSuccess = c;
			}, () => {
				// no-op
			}).then(() => {
				this.completionPromise = null;
				this.onSuccess = null;
				const task = this.task;
				this.task = null;

				return task();
			});
		}

		this.timeout = setTimeout(() => {
			this.timeout = null;
			this.onSuccess(null);
		}, delay);

		return this.completionPromise;
	}

	isTriggered(): boolean {
		return this.timeout !== null;
	}

	cancel(): void {
		this.cancelTimeout();

		if (this.completionPromise) {
			this.completionPromise.cancel();
			this.completionPromise = null;
		}
	}

	private cancelTimeout(): void {
		if (this.timeout !== null) {
			clearTimeout(this.timeout);
			this.timeout = null;
		}
	}
}

/**
 * A helper to delay execution of a task that is being requested often, while
 * preventing accumulation of consecutive executions, while the task runs.
 *
 * Simply combine the two mail man strategies from the Throttler and Delayer
 * helpers, for an analogy.
 */
export class ThrottledDelayer<T> extends Delayer<TPromise<T>> {

	private throttler: Throttler;

	constructor(defaultDelay: number) {
		super(defaultDelay);

		this.throttler = new Throttler();
	}

	trigger(promiseFactory: ITask<TPromise<T>>, delay?: number): Promise {
		return super.trigger(() => this.throttler.queue(promiseFactory), delay);
	}
}

/**
 * Similar to the ThrottledDelayer, except it also guarantees that the promise
 * factory doesn't get called more often than every `minimumPeriod` milliseconds.
 */
export class PeriodThrottledDelayer<T> extends ThrottledDelayer<T> {

	private minimumPeriod: number;
	private periodThrottler: Throttler;

	constructor(defaultDelay: number, minimumPeriod: number = 0) {
		super(defaultDelay);

		this.minimumPeriod = minimumPeriod;
		this.periodThrottler = new Throttler();
	}

	trigger(promiseFactory: ITask<TPromise<T>>, delay?: number): Promise {
		return super.trigger(() => {
			return this.periodThrottler.queue(() => {
				return Promise.join([
					TPromise.timeout(this.minimumPeriod),
					promiseFactory()
				]).then(r => r[1]);
			});
		}, delay);
	}
}

export class PromiseSource<T> {

	private _value: TPromise<T>;
	private _completeCallback: Function;
	private _errorCallback: Function;

	constructor() {
		this._value = new TPromise<T>((c, e) => {
			this._completeCallback = c;
			this._errorCallback = e;
		});
	}

	get value(): TPromise<T> {
		return this._value;
	}

	complete(value?: T): void {
		this._completeCallback(value);
	}

	error(err?: any): void {
		this._errorCallback(err);
	}
}

export class ShallowCancelThenPromise<T> extends TPromise<T> {

	constructor(outer: TPromise<T>) {

		let completeCallback: ValueCallback,
			errorCallback: ErrorCallback,
			progressCallback: ProgressCallback;

		super((c, e, p) => {
			completeCallback = c;
			errorCallback = e;
			progressCallback = p;
		}, () => {
			// cancel this promise but not the
			// outer promise
			errorCallback(errors.canceled());
		});

		outer.then(completeCallback, errorCallback, progressCallback);
	}
}

/**
 * Returns a new promise that joins the provided promise. Upon completion of
 * the provided promise the provided function will always be called. This
 * method is comparable to a try-finally code block.
 * @param promise a promise
 * @param f a function that will be call in the success and error case.
 */
export function always<T>(promise: TPromise<T>, f: Function): TPromise<T> {
	return new TPromise<T>((c, e, p) => {
		promise.done((result) => {
			try {
				f(result);
			} catch (e1) {
				errors.onUnexpectedError(e1);
			}
			c(result);
		}, (err) => {
			try {
				f(err);
			} catch (e1) {
				errors.onUnexpectedError(e1);
			}
			e(err);
		}, (progress) => {
			p(progress);
		});
	}, () => {
		promise.cancel();
	});
}

/**
 * Runs the provided list of promise factories in sequential order. The returned
 * promise will complete to an array of results from each promise.
 */
export function sequence<T>(promiseFactories: ITask<TPromise<T>>[]): TPromise<T[]> {
	const results: T[] = [];

	// reverse since we start with last element using pop()
	promiseFactories = promiseFactories.reverse();

	function next(): Promise {
		if (promiseFactories.length) {
			return promiseFactories.pop()();
		}

		return null;
	}

	function thenHandler(result: any): Promise {
		if (result !== undefined && result !== null) {
			results.push(result);
		}

		const n = next();
		if (n) {
			return n.then(thenHandler);
		}

		return TPromise.as(results);
	}

	return TPromise.as(null).then(thenHandler);
}

export function first<T>(promiseFactories: ITask<TPromise<T>>[], shouldStop: (t: T) => boolean = t => !!t): TPromise<T> {
	promiseFactories = [...promiseFactories.reverse()];

	const loop = () => {
		if (promiseFactories.length === 0) {
			return TPromise.as(null);
		}

		const factory = promiseFactories.pop();
		const promise = factory();

		return promise.then(result => {
			if (shouldStop(result)) {
				return TPromise.as(result);
			}

			return loop();
		});
	};

	return loop();
}

export function once<T extends Function>(fn: T): T {
	const _this = this;
	let didCall = false;
	let result: any;

	return function () {
		if (didCall) {
			return result;
		}

		didCall = true;
		result = fn.apply(_this, arguments);

		return result;
	} as any as T;
}

interface ILimitedTaskFactory {
	factory: ITask<Promise>;
	c: ValueCallback;
	e: ErrorCallback;
	p: ProgressCallback;
}

/**
 * A helper to queue N promises and run them all with a max degree of parallelism. The helper
 * ensures that at any time no more than M promises are running at the same time.
 */
export class Limiter<T> {
	private runningPromises: number;
	private maxDegreeOfParalellism: number;
	private outstandingPromises: ILimitedTaskFactory[];

	constructor(maxDegreeOfParalellism: number) {
		this.maxDegreeOfParalellism = maxDegreeOfParalellism;
		this.outstandingPromises = [];
		this.runningPromises = 0;
	}

	queue(promiseFactory: ITask<Promise>): Promise;
	queue(promiseFactory: ITask<TPromise<T>>): TPromise<T> {
		return new TPromise<T>((c, e, p) => {
			this.outstandingPromises.push({
				factory: promiseFactory,
				c: c,
				e: e,
				p: p
			});

			this.consume();
		});
	}

	private consume(): void {
		while (this.outstandingPromises.length && this.runningPromises < this.maxDegreeOfParalellism) {
			const iLimitedTask = this.outstandingPromises.shift();
			this.runningPromises++;

			const promise = iLimitedTask.factory();
			promise.done(iLimitedTask.c, iLimitedTask.e, iLimitedTask.p);
			promise.done(() => this.consumed(), () => this.consumed());
		}
	}

	private consumed(): void {
		this.runningPromises--;
		this.consume();
	}
}

/**
 * A queue is handles one promise at a time and guarantees that at any time only one promise is executing.
 */
export class Queue<T> extends Limiter<T> {

	constructor() {
		super(1);
	}
}

export class TimeoutTimer extends Disposable {
	private _token: platform.TimeoutToken;

	constructor() {
		super();
		this._token = -1;
	}

	dispose(): void {
		this.cancel();
		super.dispose();
	}

	cancel(): void {
		if (this._token !== -1) {
			platform.clearTimeout(this._token);
			this._token = -1;
		}
	}

	cancelAndSet(runner: () => void, timeout: number): void {
		this.cancel();
		this._token = platform.setTimeout(() => {
			this._token = -1;
			runner();
		}, timeout);
	}

	setIfNotSet(runner: () => void, timeout: number): void {
		if (this._token !== -1) {
			// timer is already set
			return;
		}
		this._token = platform.setTimeout(() => {
			this._token = -1;
			runner();
		}, timeout);
	}
}

export class IntervalTimer extends Disposable {

	private _token: platform.IntervalToken;

	constructor() {
		super();
		this._token = -1;
	}

	dispose(): void {
		this.cancel();
		super.dispose();
	}

	cancel(): void {
		if (this._token !== -1) {
			platform.clearInterval(this._token);
			this._token = -1;
		}
	}

	cancelAndSet(runner: () => void, interval: number): void {
		this.cancel();
		this._token = platform.setInterval(() => {
			runner();
		}, interval);
	}
}

export class RunOnceScheduler {

	private timeoutToken: platform.TimeoutToken;
	private runner: () => void;
	private timeout: number;
	private timeoutHandler: () => void;

	constructor(runner: () => void, timeout: number) {
		this.timeoutToken = -1;
		this.runner = runner;
		this.timeout = timeout;
		this.timeoutHandler = this.onTimeout.bind(this);
	}

	/**
	 * Dispose RunOnceScheduler
	 */
	dispose(): void {
		this.cancel();
		this.runner = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Cancel current scheduled runner (if any).
	 */
	cancel(): void {
		if (this.isScheduled()) {
			platform.clearTimeout(this.timeoutToken);
			this.timeoutToken = -1;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Replace runner. If there is a runner already scheduled, the new runner will be called.
	 */
	setRunner(runner: () => void): void {
		this.runner = runner;
	}

	/**
	 * Cancel previous runner (if any) & schedule a new runner.
	 */
	schedule(delay = this.timeout): void {
		this.cancel();
		this.timeoutToken = platform.setTimeout(this.timeoutHandler, delay);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns true if scheduled.
	 */
	isScheduled(): boolean {
		return this.timeoutToken !== -1;
	}

	private onTimeout() {
		this.timeoutToken = -1;
		if (this.runner) {
			this.runner();
		}
	}
}

export function nfcall(fn: Function, ...args: any[]): Promise;
export function nfcall<T>(fn: Function, ...args: any[]): TPromise<T>;
export function nfcall(fn: Function, ...args: any[]): any {
	return new Promise((c, e) => fn(...args, (err, result) => err ? e(err) : c(result)));
}

export function ninvoke(thisArg: any, fn: Function, ...args: any[]): Promise;
export function ninvoke<T>(thisArg: any, fn: Function, ...args: any[]): TPromise<T>;
export function ninvoke(thisArg: any, fn: Function, ...args: any[]): any {
	return new Promise((c, e) => fn.call(thisArg, ...args, (err, result) => err ? e(err) : c(result)));
}

interface IQueuedPromise<T> {
	t: ITask<TPromise<T>>;
	c: ValueCallback;
	e: ErrorCallback;
}