- 06 3月, 2010 1 次提交
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由 Christoph Hellwig 提交于
This gives the filesystem more information about the writeback that is happening. Trond requested this for the NFS unstable write handling, and other filesystems might benefit from this too by beeing able to distinguish between the different callers in more detail. Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- 10 12月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Alexey Fisher 提交于
make messages produced by ext2 more unified. It should be easy to parse. dmesg before patch: [ 4893.684892] reservations ON [ 4893.684896] xip option not supported [ 4893.684961] EXT2-fs warning: mounting ext3 filesystem as ext2 [ 4893.684964] EXT2-fs warning: maximal mount count reached, running e2fsck is recommended [ 4893.684990] EXT II FS: 0.5b, 95/08/09, bs=1024, fs=1024, gc=2, bpg=8192, ipg=1280, mo=80010] dmesg after patch: [ 4893.684892] EXT2-fs (loop0): reservations ON [ 4893.684896] EXT2-fs (loop0): xip option not supported [ 4893.684961] EXT2-fs (loop0): warning: mounting ext3 filesystem as ext2 [ 4893.684964] EXT2-fs (loop0): warning: maximal mount count reached, running e2fsck is recommended [ 4893.684990] EXT2-fs (loop0): 0.5b, 95/08/09, bs=1024, fs=1024, gc=2, bpg=8192, ipg=1280, mo=80010] Signed-off-by: NAlexey Fisher <bug-track@fisher-privat.net> Reviewed-by: NAndreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com> Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
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- 16 9月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Andi Kleen 提交于
Enable removing of corrupted pages through truncation for a bunch of file systems: ext*, xfs, gfs2, ocfs2, ntfs These should cover most server needs. I chose the set of migration aware file systems for this for now, assuming they have been especially audited. But in general it should be safe for all file systems on the data area that support read/write and truncate. Caveat: the hardware error handler does not take i_mutex for now before calling the truncate function. Is that ok? Cc: tytso@mit.edu Cc: hch@infradead.org Cc: mfasheh@suse.com Cc: aia21@cantab.net Cc: hugh.dickins@tiscali.co.uk Cc: swhiteho@redhat.com Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
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- 14 9月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Jan Kara 提交于
We rely on generic_write_sync() now. CC: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
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- 24 6月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Al Viro 提交于
Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- 12 6月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Al Viro 提交于
kill ext2_sync_file() (along with ext2/fsync.c), get rid of ext2_update_inode() - it's an alias of ext2_write_inode(). Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- 14 4月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Jan Kara 提交于
If two writers allocating blocks to file race with each other (e.g. because writepages races with ordinary write or two writepages race with each other), ext2_getblock() can be called on the same inode in parallel. Before we are going to allocate new blocks, we have to recheck the block chain we have obtained so far without holding truncate_mutex. Otherwise we could overwrite the indirect block pointer set by the other writer leading to data loss. The below test program by Ying is able to reproduce the data loss with ext2 on in BRD in a few minutes if the machine is under memory pressure: long kMemSize = 50 << 20; int kPageSize = 4096; int main(int argc, char **argv) { int status; int count = 0; int i; char *fname = "/mnt/test.mmap"; char *mem; unlink(fname); int fd = open(fname, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, 0600); status = ftruncate(fd, kMemSize); mem = mmap(0, kMemSize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); // Fill the memory with 1s. memset(mem, 1, kMemSize); sleep(2); for (i = 0; i < kMemSize; i++) { int byte_good = mem[i] != 0; if (!byte_good && ((i % kPageSize) == 0)) { //printf("%d ", i / kPageSize); count++; } } munmap(mem, kMemSize); close(fd); unlink(fname); if (count > 0) { printf("Running %d bad page\n", count); return 1; } return 0; } Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 26 3月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Jan Kara 提交于
Use lowercase names of quota functions instead of old uppercase ones. Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz> CC: linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org
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- 09 1月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Qinghuang Feng 提交于
There is no argument named @chain in ext2_splice_branch, remove references to it. Signed-off-by: NQinghuang Feng <qhfeng.kernel@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 01 1月, 2009 1 次提交
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由 Duane Griffin 提交于
Ensure fast symlink targets are NUL-terminated, even if corrupted on-disk. Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NDuane Griffin <duaneg@dghda.com> Signed-off-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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- 04 10月, 2008 1 次提交
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由 Josef Bacik 提交于
Any block based fs (this patch includes ext3) just has to declare its own fiemap() function and then call this generic function with its own get_block_t. This works well for block based filesystems that will map multiple contiguous blocks at one time, but will work for filesystems that only map one block at a time, you will just end up with an "extent" for each block. One gotcha is this will not play nicely where there is hole+data after the EOF. This function will assume its hit the end of the data as soon as it hits a hole after the EOF, so if there is any data past that it will not pick that up. AFAIK no block based fs does this anyway, but its in the comments of the function anyway just in case. Signed-off-by: NJosef Bacik <jbacik@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: NMark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com> Signed-off-by: N"Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
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- 29 7月, 2008 1 次提交
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由 Hisashi Hifumi 提交于
When we read some part of a file through pagecache, if there is a pagecache of corresponding index but this page is not uptodate, read IO is issued and this page will be uptodate. I think this is good for pagesize == blocksize environment but there is room for improvement on pagesize != blocksize environment. Because in this case a page can have multiple buffers and even if a page is not uptodate, some buffers can be uptodate. So I suggest that when all buffers which correspond to a part of a file that we want to read are uptodate, use this pagecache and copy data from this pagecache to user buffer even if a page is not uptodate. This can reduce read IO and improve system throughput. I wrote a benchmark program and got result number with this program. This benchmark do: 1: mount and open a test file. 2: create a 512MB file. 3: close a file and umount. 4: mount and again open a test file. 5: pwrite randomly 300000 times on a test file. offset is aligned by IO size(1024bytes). 6: measure time of preading randomly 100000 times on a test file. The result was: 2.6.26 330 sec 2.6.26-patched 226 sec Arch:i386 Filesystem:ext3 Blocksize:1024 bytes Memory: 1GB On ext3/4, a file is written through buffer/block. So random read/write mixed workloads or random read after random write workloads are optimized with this patch under pagesize != blocksize environment. This test result showed this. The benchmark program is as follows: #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <time.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/mount.h> #define LEN 1024 #define LOOP 1024*512 /* 512MB */ main(void) { unsigned long i, offset, filesize; int fd; char buf[LEN]; time_t t1, t2; if (mount("/dev/sda1", "/root/test1/", "ext3", 0, 0) < 0) { perror("cannot mount\n"); exit(1); } memset(buf, 0, LEN); fd = open("/root/test1/testfile", O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC); if (fd < 0) { perror("cannot open file\n"); exit(1); } for (i = 0; i < LOOP; i++) write(fd, buf, LEN); close(fd); if (umount("/root/test1/") < 0) { perror("cannot umount\n"); exit(1); } if (mount("/dev/sda1", "/root/test1/", "ext3", 0, 0) < 0) { perror("cannot mount\n"); exit(1); } fd = open("/root/test1/testfile", O_RDWR); if (fd < 0) { perror("cannot open file\n"); exit(1); } filesize = LEN * LOOP; for (i = 0; i < 300000; i++){ offset = (random() % filesize) & (~(LEN - 1)); pwrite(fd, buf, LEN, offset); } printf("start test\n"); time(&t1); for (i = 0; i < 100000; i++){ offset = (random() % filesize) & (~(LEN - 1)); pread(fd, buf, LEN, offset); } time(&t2); printf("%ld sec\n", t2-t1); close(fd); if (umount("/root/test1/") < 0) { perror("cannot umount\n"); exit(1); } } Signed-off-by: NHisashi Hifumi <hifumi.hisashi@oss.ntt.co.jp> Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 28 4月, 2008 3 次提交
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由 Akinobu Mita 提交于
Use ext2_fsblk_t type for filesystem-wide blocks number Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Akinobu Mita 提交于
Use ext2_group_first_block_no() and assign the return values to ext2_fsblk_t variables. Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Convert XIP to support non-struct page backed memory, using VM_MIXEDMAP for the user mappings. This requires the get_xip_page API to be changed to an address based one. Improve the API layering a little bit too, while we're here. This is required in order to support XIP filesystems on memory that isn't backed with struct page (but memory with struct page is still supported too). Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Acked-by: NCarsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com> Cc: Jared Hulbert <jaredeh@gmail.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 22 4月, 2008 1 次提交
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由 Benoit Boissinot 提交于
Spelling fix: prefered -> preferred Signed-off-by: NBenoit Boissinot <benoit.boissinot@ens-lyon.org> Signed-off-by: NJesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
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- 08 2月, 2008 1 次提交
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由 David Howells 提交于
Stop the EXT2 filesystem from using iget() and read_inode(). Replace ext2_read_inode() with ext2_iget(), and call that instead of iget(). ext2_iget() then uses iget_locked() directly and returns a proper error code instead of an inode in the event of an error. ext2_fill_super() returns any error incurred when getting the root inode instead of EINVAL. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: N"Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Acked-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 07 2月, 2008 2 次提交
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由 Akinobu Mita 提交于
The argument chain for ext[234]_find_goal() is not used. This patch removes it and fixes comment as well. Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Andi Kleen 提交于
No BKL used anywhere, so don't mention it. Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 17 10月, 2007 4 次提交
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由 Martin J. Bligh 提交于
Val's cross-port of the ext3 reservations code into ext2. [mbligh@mbligh.org: Small type error for printk [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix types, sync with ext3] [mbligh@mbligh.org: Bring ext2 reservations code in line with latest ext3] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: kill noisy printk] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: remember to dirty the gdp's block] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: cross-port the missed 5dea5176] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: cross-port e6022603] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: Port the omitted 08fb306f] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: Backport the missed 20acaa18] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fixes] [cmm@us.ibm.com: fix reservation extension] [bunk@stusta.de: make ext2_get_blocks() static] [hugh@veritas.com: fix hang] [hugh@veritas.com: ext2_new_blocks should reset the reservation window size] [hugh@veritas.com: ext2 balloc: fix off-by-one against rsv_end] [hugh@veritas.com: grp_goal 0 is a genuine goal (unlike -1), so ext2_try_to_allocate_with_rsv should treat it as such] [hugh@veritas.com: rbtree usage cleanup] [pbadari@us.ibm.com: Fix for ext2 reservation] [bunk@kernel.org: remove fs/ext2/balloc.c:reserve_blocks()] [hugh@veritas.com: ext2 balloc: use io_error label] Cc: "Martin J. Bligh" <mbligh@mbligh.org> Cc: Valerie Henson <val_henson@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: NBadari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Eric Sandeen 提交于
ext[234]_get_group_desc never tests the bh argument, and only sets it if it is passed in; it is perfectly happy with a NULL bh argument. But, many callers send one in and never use it. May as well call with NULL like other callers who don't use the bh. Signed-off-by: NEric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Implement nobh in new aops. This is a bit tricky. FWIW, nobh_truncate is now implemented in a way that does not create blocks in sparse regions, which is a silly thing for it to have been doing (isn't it?) ext2 survives fsx and fsstress. jfs is converted as well... ext3 should be easy to do (but not done yet). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Cc: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Nick Piggin 提交于
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 09 5月, 2007 2 次提交
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由 Jan Kara 提交于
Propagate flags such as S_APPEND, S_IMMUTABLE, etc. from i_flags into ext2-specific i_flags. Hence, when someone sets these flags via a different interface than ioctl, they are stored correctly. Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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由 Markus Rechberger 提交于
Taken from http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5079 signed long ranges from -2.147.483.648 to 2.147.483.647 on x86 32bit 10000011110110100100111110111101 .. -2,082,844,739 10000011110110100100111110111101 .. 2,212,122,557 <- this currently gets stored on the disk but when converting it to a 64bit signed long value it loses its sign and becomes positive. Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org> Andreas says: This patch is now treating timestamps with the high bit set as negative times (before Jan 1, 1970). This means we lose 1/2 of the possible range of timestamps (lopping off 68 years before unix timestamp overflow - now only 30 years away :-) to handle the extremely rare case of setting timestamps into the distant past. If we are only interested in fixing the underflow case, we could just limit the values to 0 instead of storing negative values. At worst this will skew the timestamp by a few hours for timezones in the far east (files would still show Jan 1, 1970 in "ls -l" output). That said, it seems 32-bit systems (mine at least) allow files to be set into the past (01/01/1907 works fine) so it seems this patch is bringing the x86_64 behaviour into sync with other kernels. On the plus side, we have a patch that is ready to add nanosecond timestamps to ext3 and as an added bonus adds 2 high bits to the on-disk timestamp so this extends the maximum date to 2242. Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- 27 9月, 2006 1 次提交
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由 Theodore Ts'o 提交于
This eliminates the i_blksize field from struct inode. Filesystems that want to provide a per-inode st_blksize can do so by providing their own getattr routine instead of using the generic_fillattr() function. Note that some filesystems were providing pretty much random (and incorrect) values for i_blksize. [bunk@stusta.de: cleanup] [akpm@osdl.org: generic_fillattr() fix] Signed-off-by: N"Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 29 6月, 2006 1 次提交
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由 Christoph Hellwig 提交于
Same as with already do with the file operations: keep them in .rodata and prevents people from doing runtime patching. Signed-off-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 27 3月, 2006 1 次提交
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由 Badari Pulavarty 提交于
Now that get_block() can handle mapping multiple disk blocks, no need to have ->get_blocks(). This patch removes fs specific ->get_blocks() added for DIO and makes it users use get_block() instead. Signed-off-by: NBadari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 02 2月, 2006 1 次提交
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由 Christoph Lameter 提交于
Migrate a page with buffers without requiring writeback This introduces a new address space operation migratepage() that may be used by a filesystem to implement its own version of page migration. A version is provided that migrates buffers attached to pages. Some filesystems (ext2, ext3, xfs) are modified to utilize this feature. The swapper address space operation are modified so that a regular migrate_page() will occur for anonymous pages without writeback (migrate_pages forces every anonymous page to have a swap entry). Signed-off-by: NMike Kravetz <kravetz@us.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NChristoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 31 10月, 2005 1 次提交
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This patch adds tests for the return value of sb_getblk() in the ext2/3 filesystems. In fs/buffer.c it is stated that the getblk() function never fails. However, it does can return NULL in some situations due to I/O errors, which may lead us to NULL pointer dereferences Signed-off-by: NGlauber de Oliveira Costa <glommer@br.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 10 9月, 2005 1 次提交
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由 Mark Fasheh 提交于
Update the file systems in fs/ implementing a delete_inode() callback to call truncate_inode_pages(). One implementation note: In developing this patch I put the calls to truncate_inode_pages() at the very top of those filesystems delete_inode() callbacks in order to retain the previous behavior. I'm guessing that some of those could probably be optimized. Signed-off-by: NMark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com> Acked-by: NChristoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 24 6月, 2005 1 次提交
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由 Carsten Otte 提交于
These are the ext2 related parts. Ext2 now uses the xip_* file operations along with the get_xip_page aop when mounted with -o xip. Signed-off-by: NCarsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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- 17 4月, 2005 2 次提交
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由 Bernard Blackham 提交于
Whilst trying to stress test a Promise SX8 card, we stumbled across some nasty filesystem corruption in ext2. Our tests involved creating an ext2 partition, mounting, running several concurrent fsx's over it, umounting, and fsck'ing, all scripted[1]. The fsck would always return with errors. This regression was traced back to a change between 2.6.9 and 2.6.10, which moves the functionality of ext2_put_inode into ext2_clear_inode. The attached patch reverses this change, and eliminated the source of corruption. Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com> said: I think his patch for ext2 is correct. The corruption on ext3 is not the same issue he saw on ext2. I believe that's the race between discard reservation and reservation in-use that we already fixed it in 2.6.12- rc1. For the problem related to ext2, at the time when we design reservation for ext3, we decide we only need to discard the reservation at the last file close, so we have ext3_discard_reservation on iput_final- >ext3_clear_inode. The ext2 handle discard preallocation differently at that time, it discard the preallocation at each iput(), not in input_final(), so we think it's unnecessary to thrash it so frequently, and the right thing to do, as we did for ext3 reservation, discard preallocation on last iput(). So we moved the ext2_discard_preallocation from ext2_put_inode(0 to ext2_clear_inode. Since ext2 preallocation is doing pre-allocation on disk, so it is possible that at the unmount time, someone is still hold the reference of the inode, so the preallocation for a file is not discard yet, so we still mark those blocks allocated on disk, while they are not actually in the inode's block map, so fsck will catch/fix that error later. This is not a issue for ext3, as ext3 reservation(pre-allocation) is done in memory. Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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由 Linus Torvalds 提交于
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!
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