Btrfs: fix btrfs fallocate oops and deadlock

Btrfs fallocate was incorrectly starting a transaction with a lock held
on the extent_io tree for the file, which could deadlock.  Strictly
speaking it was using join_transaction which would be safe, but it is better
to move the transaction outside of the lock.

When preallocated extents are overwritten, btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty was
being called on an unlocked buffer.  This was triggering an assertion and
oops because the lock is supposed to be held.

The bug was calling btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty on a leaf after btrfs_del_item had
been run.  btrfs_del_item takes care of dirtying things, so the solution is a
to skip the btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty call in this case.
Signed-off-by: NChris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>

fs/btrfs/file.c

@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 
 		ret = btrfs_del_items(trans, root, path, del_slot, del_nr);
 		BUG_ON(ret);
-		goto done;
+		goto release;
 	} else if (split == start) {
 		if (locked_end < extent_end) {
 			ret = try_lock_extent(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree,
@@ -926,6 +926,8 @@ int btrfs_mark_extent_written(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
 	}
 done:
 	btrfs_mark_buffer_dirty(leaf);
+
+release:
 	btrfs_release_path(root, path);
 	if (split_end && split == start) {
 		split = end;

fs/btrfs/inode.c

@@ -4970,10 +4970,10 @@ static int btrfs_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
 	return err;
 }
 
-static int prealloc_file_range(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
+static int prealloc_file_range(struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans,
+			       struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
 			       u64 alloc_hint, int mode)
 {
-	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
 	struct btrfs_root *root = BTRFS_I(inode)->root;
 	struct btrfs_key ins;
 	u64 alloc_size;
@@ -4981,10 +4981,6 @@ static int prealloc_file_range(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
 	u64 num_bytes = end - start;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	trans = btrfs_join_transaction(root, 1);
-	BUG_ON(!trans);
-	btrfs_set_trans_block_group(trans, inode);
-
 	while (num_bytes > 0) {
 		alloc_size = min(num_bytes, root->fs_info->max_extent);
 		ret = btrfs_reserve_extent(trans, root, alloc_size,
@@ -5015,7 +5011,6 @@ static int prealloc_file_range(struct inode *inode, u64 start, u64 end,
 		BUG_ON(ret);
 	}
 
-	btrfs_end_transaction(trans, root);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -5029,11 +5024,18 @@ static long btrfs_fallocate(struct inode *inode, int mode,
 	u64 alloc_hint = 0;
 	u64 mask = BTRFS_I(inode)->root->sectorsize - 1;
 	struct extent_map *em;
+	struct btrfs_trans_handle *trans;
 	int ret;
 
 	alloc_start = offset & ~mask;
 	alloc_end =  (offset + len + mask) & ~mask;
 
+	/*
+	 * wait for ordered IO before we have any locks.  We'll loop again
+	 * below with the locks held.
+	 */
+	btrfs_wait_ordered_range(inode, alloc_start, alloc_end - alloc_start);
+
 	mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
 	if (alloc_start > inode->i_size) {
 		ret = btrfs_cont_expand(inode, alloc_start);
@@ -5043,6 +5045,16 @@ static long btrfs_fallocate(struct inode *inode, int mode,
 
 	while (1) {
 		struct btrfs_ordered_extent *ordered;
+
+		trans = btrfs_start_transaction(BTRFS_I(inode)->root, 1);
+		if (!trans) {
+			ret = -EIO;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		/* the extent lock is ordered inside the running
+		 * transaction
+		 */
 		lock_extent(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree, alloc_start,
 			    alloc_end - 1, GFP_NOFS);
 		ordered = btrfs_lookup_first_ordered_extent(inode,
@@ -5053,6 +5065,12 @@ static long btrfs_fallocate(struct inode *inode, int mode,
 			btrfs_put_ordered_extent(ordered);
 			unlock_extent(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree,
 				      alloc_start, alloc_end - 1, GFP_NOFS);
+			btrfs_end_transaction(trans, BTRFS_I(inode)->root);
+
+			/*
+			 * we can't wait on the range with the transaction
+			 * running or with the extent lock held
+			 */
 			btrfs_wait_ordered_range(inode, alloc_start,
 						 alloc_end - alloc_start);
 		} else {
@@ -5070,7 +5088,7 @@ static long btrfs_fallocate(struct inode *inode, int mode,
 		last_byte = min(extent_map_end(em), alloc_end);
 		last_byte = (last_byte + mask) & ~mask;
 		if (em->block_start == EXTENT_MAP_HOLE) {
-			ret = prealloc_file_range(inode, cur_offset,
+			ret = prealloc_file_range(trans, inode, cur_offset,
 					last_byte, alloc_hint, mode);
 			if (ret < 0) {
 				free_extent_map(em);
@@ -5089,6 +5107,8 @@ static long btrfs_fallocate(struct inode *inode, int mode,
 	}
 	unlock_extent(&BTRFS_I(inode)->io_tree, alloc_start, alloc_end - 1,
 		      GFP_NOFS);
+
+	btrfs_end_transaction(trans, BTRFS_I(inode)->root);
 out:
 	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
 	return ret;