See issue #1419.

Sentinels are now desynchronized in a better way changing the time
handler frequency between 10 and 20 HZ. This way on average a
desynchronization of 25 milliesconds is produced that should be larger
enough compared to network latency, avoiding most split-brain condition
during the vote.

Now that the clocks are desynchronized, to have larger random delays when
performing operations can be easily achieved in the following way.
Take as example the function that starts the failover, that is
called with a frequency between 10 and 20 HZ and will start the
failover every time there are the conditions. By just adding as an
additional condition something like rand()%4 == 0, we can amplify the
desynchronization between Sentinel instances easily.

See issue #1419.

80 cols friendly, some minor change to the code to make it simpler.

From the point of view of the slave not accepting writes from the master
can only create a bigger consistency issue.

fix a bug in sentinel.c about pub/sub link

The result of this one-char bug was pretty serious, if the new master
had the same port of the previous master, but just a different IP
address, non-leader Sentinels would not be able to recognize the
configuration change.

This commit fixes issue #1394.

Many thanks to @shanemadden that reported the bug and helped
investigating it.

This fixes issue #1395.

Fixes issue #1298.

This commit introduces a funciton called when Sentinel is ready for
normal operations to avoid putting Sentinel specific stuff in redis.c.

Does not fix any bug as the test is performed by the caller, but better
to have the check.

At the end of the file, CONFIG REWRITE adds a comment line that:

    # Generated by CONFIG REWRITE

Followed by the additional config options required. However this was
added again and again at every rewrite in praticular conditions (when a
given set of options change in a given time during the time).

Now if it was alrady encountered, it is not added a second time.

This is especially important for Sentinel that rewrites the config at
every state change.

Some are just to know if the master is down, and in this case the runid
in the request is set to "*", others are actually in order to seek for a
vote and get elected. In the latter case the runid is set to the runid
of the instance seeking for the vote.

Also the sentinel configuration rewriting was modified in order to
account for failover in progress, where we need to provide the promoted
slave address as master address, and the old master address as one of
the slaves address.

We'll use CONFIG REWRITE (internally) in order to store the new
configuration of a Sentinel after the internal state changes. In order
to do so, we need configuration options (that usually the user will not
touch at all) about config epoch of the master, Sentinels and Slaves
known for this master, and so forth.

The time Sentinel waits since the slave is detected to be configured to
the wrong master, before reconfiguring it, is now the failover_timeout
time as this makes more sense in order to give the Sentinel performing
the failover enoung time to reconfigure the slaves slowly (if required
by the configuration).

Also we now PUBLISH more frequently the new configuraiton as this allows
to switch the reapprearing master back to slave faster.