[1.8.27 backport] eth, les, light: enforce CHT checkpoints on fast-sync too

les: fix SendTx cost calculation and verify cost table

Revert flag removal

Backport PR for the v1.8.24 maintenance release

* eth, les, geth: implement cli-configurable global gas cap for RPC calls

* graphql, ethapi: place gas cap in DoCall

* ethapi: reformat log message

This resolves a minor issue where neighbors responses containing less
than 16 nodes would bump the failure counter, removing the node. One
situation where this can happen is a private deployment where the total
number of extant nodes is less than 16.

Issue found by @jsying.

* all: simplify timestamps to uint64

* tests: update definitions

* clef, faucet, mobile: leftover uint64 fixups

* ethash: fix tests

* graphql: update schema for timestamp

* ethash: remove unused variable

Update1.8

This PR is replacing the metrics.influxdb.host.tag cmd-line flag with metrics.influxdb.tags - a comma-separated key/value tags, that are passed to the InfluxDB reporter, so that we can index measurements with multiple tags, and not just one host tag.

This will be useful for Swarm, where we want to index measurements not just with the host tag, but also with bzzkey and git commit version (for long-running deployments).

(cherry picked from commit 21acf0bc)

(cherry picked from commit f28da4f6)

* swarm: Reinstate Pss Protocol add call through swarm service

* swarm: Even less self

(cherry picked from commit d88c6ce6)

(cherry picked from commit 53b823af)

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: first version trigger has-chunks on timeout

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: finalize trigger to chunk debug

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: fixed httpEndpoint for trigger

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: port

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: ws not rpc

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: added debug output

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: addressed PR comments

* cmd/swarm/swarm-smoke: renamed track-timeout and track-chunks

(cherry picked from commit 62d7688d)

* swarm/network: DRY out repeated giga comment

I not necessarily agree with the way we wait for event propagation.
But I truly disagree with having duplicated giga comments.

* p2p/simulations: encapsulate Node.Up field so we avoid data races

The Node.Up field was accessed concurrently without "proper" locking.
There was a lock on Network and that was used sometimes to access
the  field. Other times the locking was missed and we had
a data race.

For example: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/18464
The case above was solved, but there were still intermittent/hard to
reproduce races. So let's solve the issue permanently.

resolves: ethersphere/go-ethereum#1146

* p2p/simulations: fix unmarshal of simulations.Node

Making Node.Up field private in 13292ee897e345045fbfab3bda23a77589a271c1
broke TestHTTPNetwork and TestHTTPSnapshot. Because the default
UnmarshalJSON does not handle unexported fields.

Important: The fix is partial and not proper to my taste. But I cut
scope as I think the fix may require a change to the current
serialization format. New ticket:
https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1177

* p2p/simulations: Add a sanity test case for Node.Config UnmarshalJSON

* p2p/simulations: revert back to defer Unlock() pattern for Network

It's a good patten to call `defer Unlock()` right after `Lock()` so
(new) error cases won't miss to unlock. Let's get back to that pattern.

The patten was abandoned in 85a79b3a,
while fixing a data race. That data race does not exist anymore,
since the Node.Up field got hidden behind its own lock.

* p2p/simulations: consistent naming for test providers Node.UnmarshalJSON

* p2p/simulations: remove JSON annotation from private fields of Node

As unexported fields are not serialized.

* p2p/simulations: fix deadlock in Network.GetRandomDownNode()

Problem: GetRandomDownNode() locks -> getDownNodeIDs() ->
GetNodes() tries to lock -> deadlock

On Network type, unexported functions must assume that `net.lock`
is already acquired and should not call exported functions which
might try to lock again.

* p2p/simulations: ensure method conformity for Network

Connect* methods were moved to p2p/simulations.Network from
swarm/network/simulation. However these new methods did not follow
the pattern of Network methods, i.e., all exported method locks
the whole Network either for read or write.

* p2p/simulations: fix deadlock during network shutdown

`TestDiscoveryPersistenceSimulationSimAdapter` often got into deadlock.
The execution was stuck on two locks, i.e, `Kademlia.lock` and
`p2p/simulations.Network.lock`. Usually the test got stuck once in each
20 executions with high confidence.

`Kademlia` was stuck in `Kademlia.EachAddr()` and `Network` in
`Network.Stop()`.

Solution: in `Network.Stop()` `net.lock` must be released before
calling `node.Stop()` as stopping a node (somehow - I did not find
the exact code path) causes `Network.InitConn()` to be called from
`Kademlia.SuggestPeer()` and that blocks on `net.lock`.

Related ticket: https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1223

* swarm/state: simplify if statement in DBStore.Put()

* p2p/simulations: remove faulty godoc from private function

The comment started with the wrong method name.

The method is simple and self explanatory. Also, it's private.
=> Let's just remove the comment.

(cherry picked from commit 50b872bf)

* swarm/pss: split pss and keystore

* swarm/pss: moved whisper to keystore

* swarm/pss: goimports fixed

(cherry picked from commit 12ca3b17)

swarm/network/stream: remove netstore internal wg
swarm/network/stream: run individual tests with t.Run

(cherry picked from commit 3ee09ba0)

* swarm/network: new saturation for  implementation

* swarm/network: re-added saturation func in Kademlia as it is used elsewhere

* swarm/network: saturation with higher MinBinSize

* swarm/network: PeersPerBin with depth check

* swarm/network: edited tests to pass new saturated check

* swarm/network: minor fix saturated check

* swarm/network/simulations/discovery: fixed renamed RPC call

* swarm/network: renamed to isSaturated and returns bool

* swarm/network: early depth check

(cherry picked from commit 2af24724)

(cherry picked from commit 5b8ae788)

* swarm/network/stream: newStreamerTester cleanup only if err is nil

* swarm/network/stream: raise newStreamerTester waitForPeers timeout

* swarm/network/stream: fix data races in GetPeerSubscriptions

* swarm/storage: prevent data race on LDBStore.batchesC

https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1198#issuecomment-461775049

* swarm/network/stream: fix TestGetSubscriptionsRPC data race

https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1198#issuecomment-461768477

* swarm/network/stream: correctly use Simulation.Run callback

https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1198#issuecomment-461783804

* swarm/network: protect addrCountC in Kademlia.AddrCountC function

https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1198#issuecomment-462273444

* p2p/simulations: fix a deadlock calling getRandomNode with lock

https://github.com/ethersphere/go-ethereum/issues/1198#issuecomment-462317407

* swarm/network/stream: terminate disconnect goruotines in tests

* swarm/network/stream: reduce memory consumption when testing data races

* swarm/network/stream: add watchDisconnections helper function

* swarm/network/stream: add concurrent counter for tests

* swarm/network/stream: rename race/norace test files and use const

* swarm/network/stream: remove watchSim and its panic

* swarm/network/stream: pass context in watchDisconnections

* swarm/network/stream: add concurrent safe bool for watchDisconnections

* swarm/storage: fix LDBStore.batchesC data race by not closing it

(cherry picked from commit 3fd6db2b)

(cherry picked from commit d596bea2)

* swarm/storage: fix HashExplore concurrency bug ethersphere#1211

*  swarm/storage: lock as value not pointer

* swarm/storage: wait for  to complete

* swarm/storage: fix linter problems

* swarm/storage: append to nil slice

(cherry picked from commit 3d22a46c)

(cherry picked from commit b30109df)

(cherry picked from commit 6cb7d52a)

(cherry picked from commit 33d0a0ef)