* improve grammar of README

* Update README.md

Two sentences read a little awkward, so I tweaked them. Hope this helps!

Update link into badge URL as described in https://about.sonarcloud.io/news/2018/02/05/new-project-badges.html

add CII Best Practices badge

to avoid confusion, the link is removed.
For more information on why this is done please look at the referenced issue

Work on #226, moved pattern specific references to respective patterns. And removed credits section from Home page.

Because the renderer of github doesnt support markdown plus...

- Removed Self-Links and instead used another way of making custom id's
- Removed TOC
- Removed Back to top arrows
- Made FAQ an extra page

This allows for quick review of last build.

- properly categorize all patterns
- remove pattern list from readme
- minor fixes to readme
- removed "introduction" because its not a pattern and an error i
committed some time ago

Agreed guideline is conveyed and configuration link for eclipse and IntelliJ is also added.

I did the job and splitted up the readme, hopefully everything was
splitted correctly...

Links to various important sections of README is provided at the top so that it becomes easily navigable.

Also reworded some sentences and wrapped one or two huge lines I would need to
change anyway.

Closes #192