Ticker fix solving #6155 (#7664)

* Wrapped Ticker functions with #pragma disabling -Wcast-function-type

* Revert "Wrapped Ticker functions with #pragma disabling -Wcast-function-type"

This reverts commit 160be7e67a10d01b6e44c4bf2521c0ccd6348976.

* Fixed Ticker example

* Modified Ticker example

* Fixed LED_BUILTIN err for ESP32

---------
Co-authored-by: NJan Procházka <90197375+P-R-O-C-H-Y@users.noreply.github.com>

libraries/Ticker/examples/Arguments/Arguments.ino

+/*
+ * This example demonstrates used of Ticker with arguments.
+ * You can call the same callback function with different argument on different times.
+ * Based on the argument the callback can perform different tasks.
+ */
+
 #include <Arduino.h>
 #include <Ticker.h>
 
-// attach a LED to GPIO 21
-#define LED_PIN 21
+// Arguments for the function must remain valid (not run out of scope) otherwise the function would read garbage data.
+int LED_PIN_1 = 4;
+#ifdef LED_BUILTIN
+  int LED_PIN_2 = LED_BUILTIN;
+#else
+  int LED_PIN_2 = 8;
+#endif
 
 Ticker tickerSetHigh;
 Ticker tickerSetLow;
 
-void setPin(int state) {
-  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, state);
+// Argument to callback must always be passed a reference
+void swapState(int *pin) {
+  static int led_1_state = 1;
+  static int led_2_state = 1;
+  if(*pin == LED_PIN_1){
+    Serial.printf("[%lu ms] set pin %d to state: %d\n", millis(), *pin, led_1_state);
+    digitalWrite(*pin, led_1_state);
+    led_1_state = led_1_state ? 0 : 1; // reverse for next pass
+  }else if(*pin == LED_PIN_2){
+    Serial.printf("[%lu ms] set pin %d to state: %d\n", millis(), *pin, led_2_state);
+    digitalWrite(*pin, led_2_state);
+    led_2_state = led_2_state ? 0 : 1; // reverse for next pass
+  }
 }
 
 void setup() {
-  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
-  digitalWrite(1, LOW);
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  pinMode(LED_PIN_1, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(LED_PIN_2, OUTPUT);
+  //digitalWrite(1, LOW);
   
-  // every 25 ms, call setPin(0) 
-  tickerSetLow.attach_ms(25, setPin, 0);
+  // Blink LED every 500 ms on LED_PIN_1
+  tickerSetLow.attach_ms(500, swapState, &LED_PIN_1);
   
-  // every 26 ms, call setPin(1)
-  tickerSetHigh.attach_ms(26, setPin, 1);
+  // Blink LED every 1000 ms on LED_PIN_2
+  tickerSetHigh.attach_ms(1000, swapState, &LED_PIN_2);
 }
 
 void loop() {