Added a test (not gtest though)

dbms/src/Common/tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ target_link_libraries (thread_pool_2 PRIVATE clickhouse_common_io)
 add_executable (thread_pool_3 thread_pool_3.cpp)
 target_link_libraries (thread_pool_3 PRIVATE clickhouse_common_io)
 
+add_executable (thread_pool_schedule_exception thread_pool_schedule_exception.cpp)
+target_link_libraries (thread_pool_schedule_exception PRIVATE clickhouse_common_io)
+
 add_executable (multi_version multi_version.cpp)
 target_link_libraries (multi_version PRIVATE clickhouse_common_io)
 add_check(multi_version)

dbms/src/Common/tests/thread_pool_schedule_exception.cpp

+#include <iostream>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <Common/ThreadPool.h>
+
+
+int main(int, char **)
+{
+    ThreadPool pool(10);
+
+    pool.schedule([]{ throw std::runtime_error("Hello, world!"); });
+
+    try
+    {
+        while (true)
+            pool.schedule([]{});    /// An exception will be rethrown from this method.
+    }
+    catch (const std::runtime_error & e)
+    {
+        std::cerr << e.what() << "\n";
+    }
+
+    pool.wait();
+
+    return 0;
+}