Summary: Change the naming style of getter and setters according to Google C++ style in compaction.h file

Test Plan: Compilation success

Reviewers: sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D41265

Summary: This change enables trivial move if all the input files are non onverlapping while doing Universal Compaction.

Test Plan: ./compaction_picker_test and db_test ran successfully with the new testcases.

Reviewers: sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D40875

Summary:
This diff updates the logic of how we do trivial move, now trivial move can run on any number of files in input level as long as they are not overlapping

The conditions for trivial move have been updated

Introduced conditions:
  - Trivial move cannot happen if we have a compaction filter (except if the compaction is not manual)
  - Input level files cannot be overlapping

Removed conditions:
  - Trivial move only run when the compaction is not manual
  - Input level should can contain only 1 file

More context on what tests failed because of Trivial move
```
DBTest.CompactionsGenerateMultipleFiles
This test is expecting compaction on a file in L0 to generate multiple files in L1, this test will fail with trivial move because we end up with one file in L1
```

```
DBTest.NoSpaceCompactRange
This test expect compaction to fail when we force environment to report running out of space, of course this is not valid in trivial move situation
because trivial move does not need any extra space, and did not check for that
```

```
DBTest.DropWrites
Similar to DBTest.NoSpaceCompactRange
```

```
DBTest.DeleteObsoleteFilesPendingOutputs
This test expect that a file in L2 is deleted after it's moved to L3, this is not valid with trivial move because although the file was moved it is now used by L3
```

```
CuckooTableDBTest.CompactionIntoMultipleFiles
Same as DBTest.CompactionsGenerateMultipleFiles
```

This diff is based on a work by @sdong https://reviews.facebook.net/D34149

Test Plan: make -j64 check

Reviewers: rven, sdong, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: yhchiang, ott, march, dhruba, sdong

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D34797

Summary:
Couple changes:
1. instead of SnapshotList, just take a vector of snapshots
2. don't take a separate parameter is_snapshots_supported. If there are snapshots in the list, that means they are supported. I actually think we should get rid of this notion of snapshots not being supported.
3. don't pass in mutable_cf_options as a parameter. Lifetime of mutable_cf_options is a bit tricky to maintain, so it's better to not pass it in for the whole compaction job. We only really need it when we install the compaction results.

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: sdong, rven, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D36627

Summary:
Added these events:
* Recovery start, finish and also when recovery creates a file
* Trivial move
* Compaction start, finish and when compaction creates a file
* Flush start, finish

Also includes small fix to EventLogger

Also added option ROCKSDB_PRINT_EVENTS_TO_STDOUT which is useful when we debug things. I've spent far too much time chasing LOG files.

Still didn't get sst table properties in JSON. They are written very deeply into the stack. I'll address in separate diff.

TODO:
* Write specification. Let's first use this for a while and figure out what's good data to put here, too. After that we'll write spec
* Write tools that parse and analyze LOGs. This can be in python or go. Good intern task.

Test Plan: Ran db_bench with ROCKSDB_PRINT_EVENTS_TO_STDOUT. Here's the output: https://phabricator.fb.com/P19811976

Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, MarkCallaghan, kradhakrishnan, anthony

Reviewed By: anthony

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D37521

Summary:
The goal of this diff is to make Compaction class easier to use. This should also make new compaction algorithms easier to write (like CompactFiles from @yhchiang and dynamic leveled and multi-leveled universal from @sdong).

Here are couple of things demonstrating that Compaction class is hard to use:
1. we have two constructors of Compaction class
2. there's this thing called grandparents_, but it appears to only be setup for leveled compaction and not compactfiles
3. it's easy to introduce a subtle and dangerous bug like this: D36225
4. SetupBottomMostLevel() is hard to understand and it shouldn't be. See this comment: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/blob/afbafeaeaebfd27a0f3e992fee8e0c57d07658fa/db/compaction.cc#L236-L241. It also made it harder for @yhchiang to write CompactFiles, as evidenced by this: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/blob/afbafeaeaebfd27a0f3e992fee8e0c57d07658fa/db/compaction_picker.cc#L204-L210

The problem is that we create Compaction object, which holds a lot of state, and then pass it around to some functions. After those functions are done mutating, then we call couple of functions on Compaction object, like SetupBottommostLevel() and MarkFilesBeingCompacted(). It is very hard to see what's happening with all that Compaction's state while it's travelling across different functions. If you're writing a new PickCompaction() function you need to try really hard to understand what are all the functions you need to run on Compaction object and what state you need to setup.

My proposed solution is to make important parts of Compaction immutable after construction. PickCompaction() should calculate compaction inputs and then pass them onto Compaction object once they are finalized. That makes it easy to create a new compaction -- just provide all the parameters to the constructor and you're done. No need to call confusing functions after you created your object.

This diff doesn't fully achieve that goal, but it comes pretty close. Here are some of the changes:
* have one Compaction constructor instead of two.
* inputs_ is constant after construction
* MarkFilesBeingCompacted() is now private to Compaction class and automatically called on construction/destruction.
* SetupBottommostLevel() is gone. Compaction figures it out on its own based on the input.
* CompactionPicker's functions are not passing around Compaction object anymore. They are only passing around the state that they need.

Test Plan:
make check
make asan_check
make valgrind_check

Reviewers: rven, anthony, sdong, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: sdong, yhchiang, dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D36687

Summary:
Check compression level of start_level with output_compression
before allowing trivial move

Test Plan: New DBTest CompressLevelCompactionThirdPath added

Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, IslamAbdelRahman, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D36213

options.level_compaction_dynamic_level_bytes to allow RocksDB to pick size bases of levels dynamically.

Summary:
When having fixed max_bytes_for_level_base, the ratio of size of largest level and the second one can range from 0 to the multiplier. This makes LSM tree frequently irregular and unpredictable. It can also cause poor space amplification in some cases.

In this improvement (proposed by Igor Kabiljo), we introduce a parameter option.level_compaction_use_dynamic_max_bytes. When turning it on, RocksDB is free to pick a level base in the range of (options.max_bytes_for_level_base/options.max_bytes_for_level_multiplier, options.max_bytes_for_level_base] so that real level ratios are close to options.max_bytes_for_level_multiplier.

Test Plan: New unit tests and pass tests suites including valgrind.

Reviewers: MarkCallaghan, rven, yhchiang, igor, ikabiljo

Reviewed By: ikabiljo

Subscribers: yoshinorim, ikabiljo, dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D31437

Summary:
The "const" attribute applies to the type, and placing it
before that return type retains the desired semantics,
yet avoids the compiler error/warning.

Test Plan: Run make

Reviewers: ljin, sdong, igor.sugak, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D33789

Summary:
The "const" attribute does not make sense on a return type,
and provokes a warning/error from gcc -W -Wextra.

Test Plan:
  Run "make EXTRA_CXXFLAGS='-W -Wextra'" and see fewer errors.

Reviewers: ljin, sdong, igor.sugak, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D33759

Summary:
This patch remove the unnecessary Compaction::ReleaseInputs().

Compaction::ReleaseInputs() tries to unref its input_version
and column_family.  However, such unref is always done in
~Compaction(), and all current ReleaseInputs() calls are
right before the destructor.

Test Plan: ./db_test

Reviewers: igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: igor, rven, dhruba, sdong

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D31605

Summary:
We now release the mutex before copying the files in the case
of the trivial move. This path does not use the compaction job.

Test Plan: DBTest.LevelCompactionThirdPath

Reviewers: yhchiang, igor, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D30381

Summary:
This is just a simple test that passes two files though a compaction. It shows the framework so that people can continue building new compaction *unit* tests.
In the future we might want to move some Compaction* tests from DBTest here. For example, CompactBetweenSnapshot seems a good candidate.

Hopefully this test can be simpler when we mock out VersionSet.

Test Plan: this is a test

Reviewers: ljin, rven, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28449

Summary:
We need to turn on -Wshorten-64-to-32 for mobile. See D1671432 (internal phabricator) for details.

This diff turns on the warning flag and fixes all the errors. There were also some interesting errors that I might call bugs, especially in plain table. Going forward, I think it makes sense to have this flag turned on and be very very careful when converting 64-bit to 32-bit variables.

Test Plan: compiles

Reviewers: ljin, rven, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: bobbaldwin, dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D28689

Summary:
This diff adds three sets of APIs to RocksDB.

= GetColumnFamilyMetaData =
* This APIs allow users to obtain the current state of a RocksDB instance on one column family.
* See GetColumnFamilyMetaData in include/rocksdb/db.h

= EventListener =
* A virtual class that allows users to implement a set of
  call-back functions which will be called when specific
  events of a RocksDB instance happens.
* To register EventListener, simply insert an EventListener to ColumnFamilyOptions::listeners

= CompactFiles =
* CompactFiles API inputs a set of file numbers and an output level, and RocksDB
  will try to compact those files into the specified level.

= Example =
* Example code can be found in example/compact_files_example.cc, which implements
  a simple external compactor using EventListener, GetColumnFamilyMetaData, and
  CompactFiles API.

Test Plan:
listener_test
compactor_test
example/compact_files_example
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=CompactFiles
db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=MetaData
db_test

Reviewers: ljin, igor, rven, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: MarkCallaghan, dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D24705

Summary:
Make compaction picker easier to test.
The basic idea is to separate a minimum subcomponent of Version to VersionStorageInfo, which just responsible to LSM tree. A stub VersionStorageInfo can then be easily created and passed into compaction picker so that we can check the outputs.

It now passes most tests. Still two things need to be done:
(1) deal with the FIFO compaction's file size.
(2) write an example test to make sure the interface can do the job.

Add a compaction_picker_test to make sure compaction picker codes can be easily unit tested.

Test Plan:
Pass all unit tests and compaction_picker_test

Reviewers: yhchiang, rven, igor, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27639

Summary:
We have several different types of data structures for file information.
FileLevel is kinda of confusing since it only contains file range and
fd. Rename it to LevelFilesBrief to make it clear.
Unfriend CompactedDBImpl as a by product

Test Plan:
make release / make all
will run full test with all stacked diffs

Reviewers: sdong, yhchiang, rven, igor

Reviewed By: igor

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D27585

Summary:
make compaction related options changeable. Most of changes are tedious,
following the same convention: grabs MutableCFOptions at the beginning
of compaction under mutex, then pass it throughout the job and register
it in SuperVersion at the end.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: igor, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D23349

* Script for building the unity.cc file via Makefile
* Unity executable Makefile target for testing builds
* Source code changes to fix compilation of unity build

Summary:
Fixed a signed and unsigned comparison in Compaction

Test Plan:
make db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=Compaction
./db_test

Summary:
Allow class Compaction to handle input files from multiple levels.
This diff is a subset of https://reviews.facebook.net/D19263 where
only db/compaction.cc and db/compaction.h are changed.

Test Plan:
make db_test
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=Compaction
./db_test

Reviewers: igor, sdong, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19923

Summary: Add struct CompactionInputFiles to manage compaction input files.

Test Plan:
export ROCKSDB_TESTS=Compact
make db_test
./db_test

Reviewers: ljin, igor, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D20061

Summary:
  Use FileLevel in LevelFileNumIterator, thus use new version of findFile.
  Old version of findFile function is deleted.
  Write a function in version_set.cc to generate FileLevel from files_.
  Add GenerateFileLevelTest in version_set_test.cc

Test Plan:
  make all check

Reviewers: ljin, haobo, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: igor, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19659

create compressed_levels_ in Version, allocate its space using arena. Make Version::Get, Version::FindFile faster

Summary:
    Define CompressedFileMetaData that just contains fd, smallest_slice, largest_slice. Create compressed_levels_ in Version, the space is allocated using arena
    Thus increase the file meta data locality, speed up "Get" and "FindFile"

    benchmark with in-memory tmpfs, could have 4% improvement under "random read" and 2% improvement under "read while writing"

benchmark command:
./db_bench --db=/mnt/db/rocksdb --num_levels=6 --key_size=20 --prefix_size=20 --keys_per_prefix=0 --value_size=100 --block_size=4096 --cache_size=17179869184 --cache_numshardbits=6 --compression_type=none --compression_ratio=1 --min_level_to_compress=-1 --disable_seek_compaction=1 --hard_rate_limit=2 --write_buffer_size=134217728 --max_write_buffer_number=2 --level0_file_num_compaction_trigger=8 --target_file_size_base=33554432 --max_bytes_for_level_base=1073741824 --disable_wal=0 --sync=0 --disable_data_sync=1 --verify_checksum=1 --delete_obsolete_files_period_micros=314572800 --max_grandparent_overlap_factor=10 --max_background_compactions=4 --max_background_flushes=0 --level0_slowdown_writes_trigger=16 --level0_stop_writes_trigger=24 --statistics=0 --stats_per_interval=0 --stats_interval=1048576 --histogram=0 --use_plain_table=1 --open_files=-1 --mmap_read=1 --mmap_write=0 --memtablerep=prefix_hash --bloom_bits=10 --bloom_locality=1 --perf_level=0 --benchmarks=readwhilewriting,readwhilewriting,readwhilewriting --use_existing_db=1 --num=52428800 --threads=1 —writes_per_second=81920

Read Random:
From 1.8363 ms/op, improve to 1.7587 ms/op.
Read while writing:
From 2.985 ms/op, improve to 2.924 ms/op.

Test Plan:
    make all check

Reviewers: ljin, haobo, yhchiang, sdong

Reviewed By: sdong

Subscribers: dhruba, igor

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19419

Summary:
In this patch, we allow RocksDB to support multiple DB paths internally.
No user interface is supported yet so this patch is silent to users.

Test Plan: make all check

Reviewers: igor, haobo, ljin, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: dhruba, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18921

Summary:
Before this diff, we're deciding enable_compression in CompactionPicker and then we're deciding final compression type in DBImpl. This is kind of confusing.

After the diff, the final compression type will be decided in CompactionPicker.

The reason for this is that I want CompactFiles() to specify output compression type, so that people can mix and match compression styles in their compaction algorithms. This diff makes it much easier to do that.

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong, yhchiang, ljin

Reviewed By: ljin

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D19137

Summary: In universal compaction, MaxFileSizeForLevel is ULLONG_MAX. We've been preallocation files to UULONG_MAX size all these time :)

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, ljin, sdong, yhchiang

Reviewed By: yhchiang

Subscribers: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18915

Summary:
Introducing new compaction style -- FIFO.

FIFO compaction style has write amplification of 1 (+1 for WAL) and it deletes the oldest files when the total DB size exceeds pre-configured values.

FIFO compaction style is suited for storing high-frequency event logs.

Test Plan: Added a unit test

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, sdong

Reviewed By: dhruba

Subscribers: alberts, leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D18765

Summary: Added a bit more information to compaction context, requested by internal team at FB.

Test Plan: Modified CompactionFilter test to make sure is_manual_compaction is properly set.

Reviewers: haobo

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16095

Summary: This diff enables non-default column families to get compacted both automatically and also by calling CompactRange()

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, kailiu, sdong

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15813

Summary:
In this diff I made some effort to reduce usage of friending. To do that, I had to expose Compaction::inputs_ through a method inputs(). Not sure if this is a good idea, there is a trade-off. I think it's less confusing than having lots of friends.

I also thought about other friendship relationships, but they are too much tangled at this point. Once you friend two classes, it's very hard to unfriend them :)

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: haobo, kailiu, sdong, dhruba

Reviewed By: kailiu

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15267

Summary:
This is a big one. This diff moves all the code related to picking compactions from VersionSet to new class CompactionPicker. Column families' compactions will be completely separate processes, so we need to have multiple CompactionPickers.

To make this easier to review, most of the code change is just copy/paste. There is also a small change not to use VersionSet::current_, but rather to take `Version* version` as a parameter. Most of the other code is exactly the same.

In future diffs, I will also make some improvements to CompactionPickers. I think the most important part will be encapsulating it better. Currently Version, VersionSet, Compaction and CompactionPicker are all friend classes, which makes it harder to change the implementation.

This diff depends on D15171, D15183, D15189 and D15201

Test Plan: `make check`

Reviewers: kailiu, sdong, dhruba, haobo

Reviewed By: kailiu

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15207

Summary:
I'm sure we'll all agree that version_set.cc needs simplifying. This diff moves Compaction class to a separate file.

The diff depends on D15171 and D15183

Test Plan: make check

Reviewers: dhruba, haobo, kailiu, sdong

Reviewed By: kailiu

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15189