There's a quirky loop in generic_file_splice_read() that could go
on indefinitely, if the file splice returns 0 permanently (and not
just as a temporary condition). Get rid of the loop and pass
back -EAGAIN correctly from __generic_file_splice_read(), so we
handle that condition properly as well.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

The loop block driver is careful to mask __GFP_IO|__GFP_FS out of its
mapping_gfp_mask, to avoid hangs under memory pressure.  But nowadays
it uses splice, usually going through __generic_file_splice_read.  That
must use mapping_gfp_mask instead of GFP_KERNEL to avoid those hangs.
Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sys_tee() currently is a bit eager in returning -EAGAIN, it may do so
even if we don't have a chance of anymore data becoming available. So
improve the logic and only return -EAGAIN if we have an attached writer
to the input pipe.

Reported by Johann Felix Soden <johfel@gmx.de> and
Patrick McManus <mcmanus@ducksong.com>.
Tested-by: NJohann Felix Soden <johfel@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Commit 8811930d ("splice: missing user
pointer access verification") added the proper access_ok() calls to
copy_from_user_mmap_sem() which ensures we can copy the struct iovecs
from userspace to the kernel.

But we also must check whether we can access the actual memory region
pointed to by the struct iovec to fix the access checks properly.
Signed-off-by: NBastian Blank <waldi@debian.org>
Acked-by: NOliver Pinter <oliver.pntr@gmail.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NPekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

vmsplice_to_user() must always check the user pointer and length
with access_ok() before copying. Likewise, for the slow path of
copy_from_user_mmap_sem() we need to check that we may read from
the user region.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Wojciech Purczynski <cliph@research.coseinc.com>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr> points out that if we only updated
the atime when we transfer some data, we deviate from the standard
of always updating the atime. So change splice to always call
file_accessed() even if splice_direct_to_actor() didn't transfer
any data.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

A bug report on nfsd that states that since it was switched to use
splice instead of sendfile, the atime was no longer being updated
on the input file. do_generic_mapping_read() does this when accessing
the file, make splice do it for the direct splice handler.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Allow caller to pass in a release function, there might be
other resources that need releasing as well. Needed for
network receive.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

All instances of rw_verify_area() are followed by a call to
security_file_permission(), so just call the latter from the former.
Acked-by: NEric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>

Implement file posix capabilities.  This allows programs to be given a
subset of root's powers regardless of who runs them, without having to use
setuid and giving the binary all of root's powers.

This version works with Kaigai Kohei's userspace tools, found at
http://www.kaigai.gr.jp/index.php.  For more information on how to use this
patch, Chris Friedhoff has posted a nice page at
http://www.friedhoff.org/fscaps.html.

Changelog:
	Nov 27:
	Incorporate fixes from Andrew Morton
	(security-introduce-file-caps-tweaks and
	security-introduce-file-caps-warning-fix)
	Fix Kconfig dependency.
	Fix change signaling behavior when file caps are not compiled in.

	Nov 13:
	Integrate comments from Alexey: Remove CONFIG_ ifdef from
	capability.h, and use %zd for printing a size_t.

	Nov 13:
	Fix endianness warnings by sparse as suggested by Alexey
	Dobriyan.

	Nov 09:
	Address warnings of unused variables at cap_bprm_set_security
	when file capabilities are disabled, and simultaneously clean
	up the code a little, by pulling the new code into a helper
	function.

	Nov 08:
	For pointers to required userspace tools and how to use
	them, see http://www.friedhoff.org/fscaps.html.

	Nov 07:
	Fix the calculation of the highest bit checked in
	check_cap_sanity().

	Nov 07:
	Allow file caps to be enabled without CONFIG_SECURITY, since
	capabilities are the default.
	Hook cap_task_setscheduler when !CONFIG_SECURITY.
	Move capable(TASK_KILL) to end of cap_task_kill to reduce
	audit messages.

	Nov 05:
	Add secondary calls in selinux/hooks.c to task_setioprio and
	task_setscheduler so that selinux and capabilities with file
	cap support can be stacked.

	Sep 05:
	As Seth Arnold points out, uid checks are out of place
	for capability code.

	Sep 01:
	Define task_setscheduler, task_setioprio, cap_task_kill, and
	task_setnice to make sure a user cannot affect a process in which
	they called a program with some fscaps.

	One remaining question is the note under task_setscheduler: are we
	ok with CAP_SYS_NICE being sufficient to confine a process to a
	cpuset?

	It is a semantic change, as without fsccaps, attach_task doesn't
	allow CAP_SYS_NICE to override the uid equivalence check.  But since
	it uses security_task_setscheduler, which elsewhere is used where
	CAP_SYS_NICE can be used to override the uid equivalence check,
	fixing it might be tough.

	     task_setscheduler
		 note: this also controls cpuset:attach_task.  Are we ok with
		     CAP_SYS_NICE being used to confine to a cpuset?
	     task_setioprio
	     task_setnice
		 sys_setpriority uses this (through set_one_prio) for another
		 process.  Need same checks as setrlimit

	Aug 21:
	Updated secureexec implementation to reflect the fact that
	euid and uid might be the same and nonzero, but the process
	might still have elevated caps.

	Aug 15:
	Handle endianness of xattrs.
	Enforce capability version match between kernel and disk.
	Enforce that no bits beyond the known max capability are
	set, else return -EPERM.
	With this extra processing, it may be worth reconsidering
	doing all the work at bprm_set_security rather than
	d_instantiate.

	Aug 10:
	Always call getxattr at bprm_set_security, rather than
	caching it at d_instantiate.

[morgan@kernel.org: file-caps clean up for linux/capability.h]
[bunk@kernel.org: unexport cap_inode_killpriv]
Signed-off-by: NSerge E. Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Cc: Andrew Morgan <morgan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morgan <morgan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAdrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

These are intended to replace prepare_write and commit_write with more
flexible alternatives that are also able to avoid the buffered write
deadlock problems efficiently (which prepare_write is unable to do).

[mark.fasheh@oracle.com: API design contributions, code review and fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: various fixes]
[dmonakhov@sw.ru: new aop block_write_begin fix]
Signed-off-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NMark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NDmitriy Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Combine the file_ra_state members
				unsigned long prev_index
				unsigned int prev_offset
into
				loff_t prev_pos

It is more consistent and better supports huge files.

Thanks to Peter for the nice proposal!

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix shift overflow]
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The out label should not include the unmap, the only way to jump
there already has unmapped the source.

00002000
       f7c21a00 00000000 00000000 c0489036 00018e32 00000002 00000000
00001000
Call Trace:
 [<c0487dd9>] pipe_to_user+0xca/0xd3
 [<c0488233>] __splice_from_pipe+0x53/0x1bd
 [<c0454947>] ------------[ cut here ]------------
filemap_fault+0x221/0x380
 [<c0487d0f>] pipe_to_user+0x0/0xd3
 [<c0489036>] sys_vmsplice+0x3b7/0x422
 [<c045ec3f>] kernel BUG at mm/highmem.c:206!
handle_mm_fault+0x4d5/0x8eb
 [<c041ed5b>] kmap_atomic+0x1c/0x20
 [<c045d33d>] unmap_vmas+0x3d1/0x584
 [<c045f717>] free_pgtables+0x90/0xa0
 [<c041d84b>] pgd_dtor+0x0/0x1
 [<c044d665>] audit_syscall_exit+0x2aa/0x2c6
 [<c0407817>] do_syscall_trace+0x124/0x169
 [<c0404df2>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb
 =======================
Code: 2d 00 d0 5b 00 25 00 00 e0 ff 29 invalid opcode: 0000 [#1]
c2 89 d0 c1 e8 0c 8b 14 85 a0 6c 7c c0 4a 85 d2 89 14 85 a0 6c 7c c0 74 07
31 c9 4a 75 15 eb 04 <0f> 0b eb fe 31 c9 81 3d 78 38 6d c0 78 38 6d c0 0f
95 c1 b0 01
EIP: [<c045bbc3>] kunmap_high+0x51/0x8e SS:ESP 0068:f5960df0
SMP
Modules linked in: netconsole autofs4 hidp nfs lockd nfs_acl rfcomm l2cap
bluetooth sunrpc ipv6 ib_iser rdma_cm ib_cm iw_cmib_sa ib_mad ib_core
ib_addr iscsi_tcp libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi dm_mirror dm_multipath
dm_mod video output sbs batteryac parport_pc lp parport sg i2c_piix4
i2c_core floppy cfi_probe gen_probe scb2_flash mtd chipreg tg3 e1000 button
ide_cd serio_raw cdrom aic7xxx scsi_transport_spi sd_mod scsi_mod ext3 jbd
ehci_hcd ohci_hcd uhci_hcd
CPU:    3
EIP:    0060:[<c045bbc3>]    Not tainted VLI
EFLAGS: 00010246   (2.6.23 #1)
EIP is at kunmap_high+0x51/0x8e
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Nick Piggin points out that splice isn't being good about the mmap
semaphore: while two readers can nest inside each others, it does leave
a possible deadlock if a writer (ie a new mmap()) comes in during that
nesting.

Original "just move the locking" patch by Nick, replaced by one by me
based on an optimistic pagefault_disable().  And then Jens tested and
updated that patch.
Reported-by: NNick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Tested-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix some typos in pipe.c and splice.c.
Add pipes API to kernel-api.tmpl.
Signed-off-by: NRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

If add_to_page_cache_lru() fails, the page will not be locked. But
splice jumps to an error path that does a page release and unlock,
causing a BUG() in unlock_page().

Fix this by adding one more label that just releases the page. This bug
was actually triggered on EL5 by gurudas pai <gurudas.pai@oracle.com>
using fio.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Split ondemand readahead interface into two functions.  I think this makes it
a little clearer for non-readahead experts (like Rusty).

Internally they both call ondemand_readahead(), but the page argument is
changed to an obvious boolean flag.
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pass real splice size to page_cache_readahead_ondemand().

The splice code works in chunks of 16 pages internally.  The readahead code
should be told of the overall splice size, instead of the internal chunk size.
 Otherwize bad things may happen.  Imagine some 17-page random splice reads.
The code before this patch will result in two readahead calls: readahead(16);
readahead(1); That leads to one 16-page I/O and one 32-page I/O: one extra I/O
and 31 readahead miss pages.
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Move synchronous page_cache_readahead_ondemand() call out of splice loop.

This avoids one pointless page allocation/insertion in case of non-zero
ra_pages, or many pointless readahead calls in case of zero ra_pages.

Note that if a user sets ra_pages to less than PIPE_BUFFERS=16 pages, he will
not get expected readahead behavior anyway.  The splice code works in batches
of 16 pages, which can be taken as another form of synchronous readahead.
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Convert splice reads to use on-demand readahead.
Signed-off-by: NFengguang Wu <wfg@mail.ustc.edu.cn>
Cc: Steven Pratt <slpratt@austin.ibm.com>
Cc: Ram Pai <linuxram@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp> reported that he's noticed
nfsd read corruption in recent kernels, and did the hard work of
discovering that it's due to splice updating the file position twice.
This means that the next operation would start further ahead than it
should.

nfsd_vfs_read()
    splice_direct_to_actor()
        while(len) {
            do_splice_to()                     [update sd->pos]
                -> generic_file_splice_read()  [read from sd->pos]
            nfsd_direct_splice_actor()
                -> __splice_from_pipe()        [update sd->pos]

There's nothing wrong with the core splice code, but the direct
splicing is an addon that calls both input and output paths.
So it has to take care in locally caching offset so it remains correct.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

If the output actor doesn't transfer the full amount of data, we will
increment ppos too much. Two related bugs in there:

- We need to break out and return actor() retval if it is shorted than
  what we spliced into the pipe.

- Adjust ppos only according to actor() return.

Also fix loop problem in generic_file_splice_read(), it should not keep
going when data has already been transferred.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Revalidate read/write permissions for splice(2) and vmslice(2), in case
security policy has changed since the files were opened.
Acked-by: NStephen Smalley <sds@tycho.nsa.gov>
Signed-off-by: NJames Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

As per Andrew Mortons request, here's a set of documentation for
the generic pipe_buf_operations hooks, the pipe, and pipe_buffer
structures.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

The name 'pin' was badly chosen, it doesn't pin a pipe buffer
in the most commonly used sense in the kernel. So change the
name to 'confirm', after debating this issue with Hugh
Dickins a bit.

A good return from ->confirm() means that the buffer is really
there, and that the contents are good.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Also add fs/splice.c as a kerneldoc target with a smaller blurb that
should be expanded to better explain the overview of splice.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

relay needs this for proper consumption handling, and the network
receive support needs it as well to lookup the sk_buff on pipe
release.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

We need to move even more stuff into the header so that folks can use
the splice_to_pipe() implementation instead of open-coding a lot of
pipe knowledge (see relay implementation), so move to our own header
file finally.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

A bit of a cheat, it actually just copies the data to userspace. But
this makes the interface nice and symmetric and enables people to build
on splice, with room for future improvement in performance.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

For direct splicing (or private splicing), the output may not be a file.
So abstract out the handling into a specified actor function and put
the data in the splice_desc structure earlier, so we can build on top
of that.

This is the first step in better splice handling for drivers, and also
for implementing vmsplice _to_ user memory.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

We only ever set do_wakeup to non-zero if the pipe has an inode
backing, so it's pointless to check outside the pipe->inode
check.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

If the destination pipe is full and we already transferred
data, we break out instead of waiting for more pipe room.
The exit logic looks at spd->nr_pages to see if we moved
everything inside the spd container, but we decrement that
variable in the loop to decide when spd has emptied.

Instead we want to compare to the original page count in
the spd, so cache that in a local variable.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

As we have potentially dirtied more than 1 page, we should indicate as
such to the dirty page balancing. So call
balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited_nr() and pass in the approximate number
of pages we dirtied.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Original patch and description from Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>,
merged and adapted to splice branch by me. Neils text follows:

__generic_file_splice_read() currently samples the i_size at the start
and doesn't do so again unless it needs to call ->readpage to load
a page.  After ->readpage it has to re-sample i_size as a truncate
may have caused that page to be filled with zeros, and the read()
call should not see these.

However there are other activities that might cause ->readpage to be
called on a page between the time that __generic_file_splice_read()
samples i_size and when it finds that it has an uptodate page. These
include at least read-ahead and possibly another thread performing a
read

So we must sample i_size *after* it has an uptodate page.  Thus the
current sampling at the start and after a read can be replaced with a
sampling before page addition into spd.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

__generic_file_splice_read's partial page check, at eof after readpage,
not only got its calculations wrong, but also reused the loff variable:
causing data corruption when splicing from a non-0 offset in the file's
last page (revealed by ext2 -b 1024 testing on a loop of a tmpfs file).
Signed-off-by: NHugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

I've seen inode related deadlocks, so move this call outside of the
actor itself, which may hold the inode lock.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

It's only supposed to be used by do_sendfile(), which is never
modular. So kill the export.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Don't try to guess what the read-ahead logic will do, allow it
to make its own decisions.
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

Eric Dumazet, thank you for disclosing this bug.

Readahead logic somehow fails to populate the page range with data.
It can be because

1) the readahead routine is not always called in the following lines of

fs/splice.c:
        if (!loff || nr_pages > 1)
                page_cache_readahead(mapping, &in->f_ra, in, index, nr_pages);

2) even called, page_cache_readahead() wont guarantee the pages are there.
It wont submit readahead I/O for pages already in the radix tree, or when
(ra_pages == 0), or after 256 cache hits.

In your case, it should be because of the retried reads, which lead to
excessive cache hits, and disables readahead at some time.

And that _one_ failure of readahead blocks the whole read process.
The application receives EAGAIN and retries the read, but
__generic_file_splice_read() refuse to make progress:

- in the previous invocation, it has allocated a blank page and inserted it
  into the radix tree, but never has the chance to start I/O for it: the test
  of SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK goes before that.

- in the retried invocation, the readahead code will neither get out of the
  cache hit mode, nor will it submit I/O for an already existing page.

Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>