redis.h

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2012, Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez at gmail dot com>
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *   * Neither the name of Redis nor the names of its contributors may be used
 *     to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *     specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#ifndef __REDIS_H
#define __REDIS_H

#include "fmacros.h"
#include "config.h"

#if defined(__sun)
#include "solarisfixes.h"
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <lua.h>
#include <signal.h>

#include "ae.h"      /* Event driven programming library */
#include "sds.h"     /* Dynamic safe strings */
#include "dict.h"    /* Hash tables */
#include "adlist.h"  /* Linked lists */
#include "zmalloc.h" /* total memory usage aware version of malloc/free */
#include "anet.h"    /* Networking the easy way */
#include "ziplist.h" /* Compact list data structure */
#include "intset.h"  /* Compact integer set structure */
#include "version.h" /* Version macro */
#include "util.h"    /* Misc functions useful in many places */

/* Error codes */
#define REDIS_OK                0
#define REDIS_ERR               -1

/* Static server configuration */
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_HZ        10      /* Time interrupt calls/sec. */
#define REDIS_MIN_HZ            1
#define REDIS_MAX_HZ            500 
#define REDIS_SERVERPORT        6379    /* TCP port */
#define REDIS_MAXIDLETIME       0       /* default client timeout: infinite */
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_DBNUM     16
#define REDIS_CONFIGLINE_MAX    1024
#define REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON    10 /* lookup 10 expires per loop */
#define REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_TIME_PERC   25 /* CPU max % for keys collection */
#define REDIS_DBCRON_DBS_PER_CALL 16
#define REDIS_MAX_WRITE_PER_EVENT (1024*64)
#define REDIS_SHARED_SELECT_CMDS 10
#define REDIS_SHARED_INTEGERS 10000
#define REDIS_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN 32
#define REDIS_MAX_LOGMSG_LEN    1024 /* Default maximum length of syslog messages */
#define REDIS_AOF_REWRITE_PERC  100
#define REDIS_AOF_REWRITE_MIN_SIZE (1024*1024)
#define REDIS_AOF_REWRITE_ITEMS_PER_CMD 64
#define REDIS_SLOWLOG_LOG_SLOWER_THAN 10000
#define REDIS_SLOWLOG_MAX_LEN 128
#define REDIS_MAX_CLIENTS 10000
#define REDIS_AUTHPASS_MAX_LEN 512
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_SLAVE_PRIORITY 100
#define REDIS_REPL_TIMEOUT 60
#define REDIS_REPL_PING_SLAVE_PERIOD 10
#define REDIS_RUN_ID_SIZE 40
#define REDIS_OPS_SEC_SAMPLES 16
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_REPL_BACKLOG_SIZE (1024*1024)    /* 1mb */
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_REPL_BACKLOG_TIME_LIMIT (60*60)  /* 1 hour */
#define REDIS_REPL_BACKLOG_MIN_SIZE (1024*16)          /* 16k */
#define REDIS_BGSAVE_RETRY_DELAY 5 /* Wait a few secs before trying again. */
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_PID_FILE "/var/run/redis.pid"
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_SYSLOG_IDENT "redis"
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_CLUSTER_CONFIG_FILE "nodes.conf"
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_DAEMONIZE 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_UNIX_SOCKET_PERM 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_TCP_KEEPALIVE 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_LOGFILE ""
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_SYSLOG_ENABLED 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_STOP_WRITES_ON_BGSAVE_ERROR 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_RDB_COMPRESSION 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_RDB_CHECKSUM 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_RDB_FILENAME "dump.rdb"
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_SLAVE_SERVE_STALE_DATA 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_SLAVE_READ_ONLY 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_REPL_DISABLE_TCP_NODELAY 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_MAXMEMORY 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_MAXMEMORY_SAMPLES 3
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_AOF_NO_FSYNC_ON_REWRITE 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_ACTIVE_REHASHING 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_AOF_REWRITE_INCREMENTAL_FSYNC 1
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_MIN_SLAVES_TO_WRITE 0
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_MIN_SLAVES_MAX_LAG 10
#define REDIS_BINDADDR_MAX 16

/* Protocol and I/O related defines */
#define REDIS_MAX_QUERYBUF_LEN  (1024*1024*1024) /* 1GB max query buffer. */
#define REDIS_IOBUF_LEN         (1024*16)  /* Generic I/O buffer size */
#define REDIS_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES (16*1024) /* 16k output buffer */
#define REDIS_INLINE_MAX_SIZE   (1024*64) /* Max size of inline reads */
#define REDIS_MBULK_BIG_ARG     (1024*32)
#define REDIS_LONGSTR_SIZE      21          /* Bytes needed for long -> str */
#define REDIS_AOF_AUTOSYNC_BYTES (1024*1024*32) /* fdatasync every 32MB */
/* When configuring the Redis eventloop, we setup it so that the total number
 * of file descriptors we can handle are server.maxclients + FDSET_INCR
 * that is our safety margin. */
#define REDIS_EVENTLOOP_FDSET_INCR 128

/* Hash table parameters */
#define REDIS_HT_MINFILL        10      /* Minimal hash table fill 10% */

/* Command flags. Please check the command table defined in the redis.c file
 * for more information about the meaning of every flag. */
#define REDIS_CMD_WRITE 1                   /* "w" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_READONLY 2                /* "r" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_DENYOOM 4                 /* "m" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_NOT_USED_1 8              /* no longer used flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_ADMIN 16                  /* "a" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_PUBSUB 32                 /* "p" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_NOSCRIPT  64              /* "s" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_RANDOM 128                /* "R" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_SORT_FOR_SCRIPT 256       /* "S" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_LOADING 512               /* "l" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_STALE 1024                /* "t" flag */
#define REDIS_CMD_SKIP_MONITOR 2048         /* "M" flag */

/* Object types */
#define REDIS_STRING 0
#define REDIS_LIST 1
#define REDIS_SET 2
#define REDIS_ZSET 3
#define REDIS_HASH 4

/* Objects encoding. Some kind of objects like Strings and Hashes can be
 * internally represented in multiple ways. The 'encoding' field of the object
 * is set to one of this fields for this object. */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_RAW 0     /* Raw representation */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_INT 1     /* Encoded as integer */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_HT 2      /* Encoded as hash table */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPMAP 3  /* Encoded as zipmap */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_LINKEDLIST 4 /* Encoded as regular linked list */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_ZIPLIST 5 /* Encoded as ziplist */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_INTSET 6  /* Encoded as intset */
#define REDIS_ENCODING_SKIPLIST 7  /* Encoded as skiplist */

/* Defines related to the dump file format. To store 32 bits lengths for short
 * keys requires a lot of space, so we check the most significant 2 bits of
 * the first byte to interpreter the length:
 *
 * 00|000000 => if the two MSB are 00 the len is the 6 bits of this byte
 * 01|000000 00000000 =>  01, the len is 14 byes, 6 bits + 8 bits of next byte
 * 10|000000 [32 bit integer] => if it's 10, a full 32 bit len will follow
 * 11|000000 this means: specially encoded object will follow. The six bits
 *           number specify the kind of object that follows.
 *           See the REDIS_RDB_ENC_* defines.
 *
 * Lengths up to 63 are stored using a single byte, most DB keys, and may
 * values, will fit inside. */
#define REDIS_RDB_6BITLEN 0
#define REDIS_RDB_14BITLEN 1
#define REDIS_RDB_32BITLEN 2
#define REDIS_RDB_ENCVAL 3
#define REDIS_RDB_LENERR UINT_MAX

/* When a length of a string object stored on disk has the first two bits
 * set, the remaining two bits specify a special encoding for the object
 * accordingly to the following defines: */
#define REDIS_RDB_ENC_INT8 0        /* 8 bit signed integer */
#define REDIS_RDB_ENC_INT16 1       /* 16 bit signed integer */
#define REDIS_RDB_ENC_INT32 2       /* 32 bit signed integer */
#define REDIS_RDB_ENC_LZF 3         /* string compressed with FASTLZ */

/* AOF states */
#define REDIS_AOF_OFF 0             /* AOF is off */
#define REDIS_AOF_ON 1              /* AOF is on */
#define REDIS_AOF_WAIT_REWRITE 2    /* AOF waits rewrite to start appending */

/* Client flags */
#define REDIS_SLAVE (1<<0)   /* This client is a slave server */
#define REDIS_MASTER (1<<1)  /* This client is a master server */
#define REDIS_MONITOR (1<<2) /* This client is a slave monitor, see MONITOR */
#define REDIS_MULTI (1<<3)   /* This client is in a MULTI context */
#define REDIS_BLOCKED (1<<4) /* The client is waiting in a blocking operation */
#define REDIS_DIRTY_CAS (1<<5) /* Watched keys modified. EXEC will fail. */
#define REDIS_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY (1<<6) /* Close after writing entire reply. */
#define REDIS_UNBLOCKED (1<<7) /* This client was unblocked and is stored in
                                  server.unblocked_clients */
#define REDIS_LUA_CLIENT (1<<8) /* This is a non connected client used by Lua */
#define REDIS_ASKING (1<<9)     /* Client issued the ASKING command */
#define REDIS_CLOSE_ASAP (1<<10)/* Close this client ASAP */
#define REDIS_UNIX_SOCKET (1<<11) /* Client connected via Unix domain socket */
#define REDIS_DIRTY_EXEC (1<<12)  /* EXEC will fail for errors while queueing */
#define REDIS_MASTER_FORCE_REPLY (1<<13)  /* Queue replies even if is master */
#define REDIS_FORCE_AOF (1<<14)   /* Force AOF propagation of current cmd. */
#define REDIS_FORCE_REPL (1<<15)  /* Force replication of current cmd. */
#define REDIS_PRE_PSYNC_SLAVE (1<<16) /* Slave don't understand PSYNC. */

/* Client request types */
#define REDIS_REQ_INLINE 1
#define REDIS_REQ_MULTIBULK 2

/* Client classes for client limits, currently used only for
 * the max-client-output-buffer limit implementation. */
#define REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_CLASS_NORMAL 0
#define REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_CLASS_SLAVE 1
#define REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_CLASS_PUBSUB 2
#define REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_NUM_CLASSES 3

/* Slave replication state - from the point of view of the slave. */
#define REDIS_REPL_NONE 0 /* No active replication */
#define REDIS_REPL_CONNECT 1 /* Must connect to master */
#define REDIS_REPL_CONNECTING 2 /* Connecting to master */
#define REDIS_REPL_RECEIVE_PONG 3 /* Wait for PING reply */
#define REDIS_REPL_TRANSFER 4 /* Receiving .rdb from master */
#define REDIS_REPL_CONNECTED 5 /* Connected to master */

/* Slave replication state - from the point of view of the master.
 * In SEND_BULK and ONLINE state the slave receives new updates
 * in its output queue. In the WAIT_BGSAVE state instead the server is waiting
 * to start the next background saving in order to send updates to it. */
#define REDIS_REPL_WAIT_BGSAVE_START 6 /* We need to produce a new RDB file. */
#define REDIS_REPL_WAIT_BGSAVE_END 7 /* Waiting RDB file creation to finish. */
#define REDIS_REPL_SEND_BULK 8 /* Sending RDB file to slave. */
#define REDIS_REPL_ONLINE 9 /* RDB file transmitted, sending just updates. */

/* Synchronous read timeout - slave side */
#define REDIS_REPL_SYNCIO_TIMEOUT 5

/* List related stuff */
#define REDIS_HEAD 0
#define REDIS_TAIL 1

/* Sort operations */
#define REDIS_SORT_GET 0
#define REDIS_SORT_ASC 1
#define REDIS_SORT_DESC 2
#define REDIS_SORTKEY_MAX 1024

/* Log levels */
#define REDIS_DEBUG 0
#define REDIS_VERBOSE 1
#define REDIS_NOTICE 2
#define REDIS_WARNING 3
#define REDIS_LOG_RAW (1<<10) /* Modifier to log without timestamp */
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_VERBOSITY REDIS_NOTICE

/* Anti-warning macro... */
#define REDIS_NOTUSED(V) ((void) V)

#define ZSKIPLIST_MAXLEVEL 32 /* Should be enough for 2^32 elements */
#define ZSKIPLIST_P 0.25      /* Skiplist P = 1/4 */

/* Append only defines */
#define AOF_FSYNC_NO 0
#define AOF_FSYNC_ALWAYS 1
#define AOF_FSYNC_EVERYSEC 2
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_AOF_FSYNC AOF_FSYNC_EVERYSEC

/* Zip structure related defaults */
#define REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPLIST_ENTRIES 512
#define REDIS_HASH_MAX_ZIPLIST_VALUE 64
#define REDIS_LIST_MAX_ZIPLIST_ENTRIES 512
#define REDIS_LIST_MAX_ZIPLIST_VALUE 64
#define REDIS_SET_MAX_INTSET_ENTRIES 512
#define REDIS_ZSET_MAX_ZIPLIST_ENTRIES 128
#define REDIS_ZSET_MAX_ZIPLIST_VALUE 64

/* Sets operations codes */
#define REDIS_OP_UNION 0
#define REDIS_OP_DIFF 1
#define REDIS_OP_INTER 2

/* Redis maxmemory strategies */
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_VOLATILE_LRU 0
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_VOLATILE_TTL 1
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_VOLATILE_RANDOM 2
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_ALLKEYS_LRU 3
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_ALLKEYS_RANDOM 4
#define REDIS_MAXMEMORY_NO_EVICTION 5
#define REDIS_DEFAULT_MAXMEMORY_POLICY REDIS_MAXMEMORY_VOLATILE_LRU

/* Scripting */
#define REDIS_LUA_TIME_LIMIT 5000 /* milliseconds */

/* Units */
#define UNIT_SECONDS 0
#define UNIT_MILLISECONDS 1

/* SHUTDOWN flags */
#define REDIS_SHUTDOWN_SAVE 1       /* Force SAVE on SHUTDOWN even if no save
                                       points are configured. */
#define REDIS_SHUTDOWN_NOSAVE 2     /* Don't SAVE on SHUTDOWN. */

/* Command call flags, see call() function */
#define REDIS_CALL_NONE 0
#define REDIS_CALL_SLOWLOG 1
#define REDIS_CALL_STATS 2
#define REDIS_CALL_PROPAGATE 4
#define REDIS_CALL_FULL (REDIS_CALL_SLOWLOG | REDIS_CALL_STATS | REDIS_CALL_PROPAGATE)

/* Command propagation flags, see propagate() function */
#define REDIS_PROPAGATE_NONE 0
#define REDIS_PROPAGATE_AOF 1
#define REDIS_PROPAGATE_REPL 2

/* Keyspace changes notification classes. Every class is associated with a
 * character for configuration purposes. */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_KEYSPACE (1<<0)    /* K */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_KEYEVENT (1<<1)    /* E */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_GENERIC (1<<2)     /* g */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_STRING (1<<3)      /* $ */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_LIST (1<<4)        /* l */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_SET (1<<5)         /* s */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_HASH (1<<6)        /* h */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_ZSET (1<<7)        /* z */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_EXPIRED (1<<8)     /* x */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_EVICTED (1<<9)     /* e */
#define REDIS_NOTIFY_ALL (REDIS_NOTIFY_GENERIC | REDIS_NOTIFY_STRING | REDIS_NOTIFY_LIST | REDIS_NOTIFY_SET | REDIS_NOTIFY_HASH | REDIS_NOTIFY_ZSET | REDIS_NOTIFY_EXPIRED | REDIS_NOTIFY_EVICTED)      /* A */

/* Using the following macro you can run code inside serverCron() with the
 * specified period, specified in milliseconds.
 * The actual resolution depends on server.hz. */
#define run_with_period(_ms_) if ((_ms_ <= 1000/server.hz) || !(server.cronloops%((_ms_)/(1000/server.hz))))

/* We can print the stacktrace, so our assert is defined this way: */
#define redisAssertWithInfo(_c,_o,_e) ((_e)?(void)0 : (_redisAssertWithInfo(_c,_o,#_e,__FILE__,__LINE__),_exit(1)))
#define redisAssert(_e) ((_e)?(void)0 : (_redisAssert(#_e,__FILE__,__LINE__),_exit(1)))
#define redisPanic(_e) _redisPanic(#_e,__FILE__,__LINE__),_exit(1)

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Data types
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* A redis object, that is a type able to hold a string / list / set */

/* The actual Redis Object */
#define REDIS_LRU_CLOCK_MAX ((1<<21)-1) /* Max value of obj->lru */
#define REDIS_LRU_CLOCK_RESOLUTION 10 /* LRU clock resolution in seconds */
typedef struct redisObject {
    unsigned type:4;
    unsigned notused:2;     /* Not used */
    unsigned encoding:4;
    unsigned lru:22;        /* lru time (relative to server.lruclock) */
    int refcount;
    void *ptr;
} robj;

/* Macro used to initialize a Redis object allocated on the stack.
 * Note that this macro is taken near the structure definition to make sure
 * we'll update it when the structure is changed, to avoid bugs like
 * bug #85 introduced exactly in this way. */
#define initStaticStringObject(_var,_ptr) do { \
    _var.refcount = 1; \
    _var.type = REDIS_STRING; \
    _var.encoding = REDIS_ENCODING_RAW; \
    _var.ptr = _ptr; \
} while(0);

typedef struct redisDb {
    dict *dict;                 /* The keyspace for this DB */
    dict *expires;              /* Timeout of keys with a timeout set */
    dict *blocking_keys;        /* Keys with clients waiting for data (BLPOP) */
    dict *ready_keys;           /* Blocked keys that received a PUSH */
    dict *watched_keys;         /* WATCHED keys for MULTI/EXEC CAS */
    int id;
} redisDb;

/* Client MULTI/EXEC state */
typedef struct multiCmd {
    robj **argv;
    int argc;
    struct redisCommand *cmd;
} multiCmd;

typedef struct multiState {
    multiCmd *commands;     /* Array of MULTI commands */
    int count;              /* Total number of MULTI commands */
    int minreplicas;        /* MINREPLICAS for synchronous replication */
    time_t minreplicas_timeout; /* MINREPLICAS timeout as unixtime. */
} multiState;

typedef struct blockingState {
    dict *keys;             /* The keys we are waiting to terminate a blocking
                             * operation such as BLPOP. Otherwise NULL. */
    time_t timeout;         /* Blocking operation timeout. If UNIX current time
                             * is > timeout then the operation timed out. */
    robj *target;           /* The key that should receive the element,
                             * for BRPOPLPUSH. */
} blockingState;

/* The following structure represents a node in the server.ready_keys list,
 * where we accumulate all the keys that had clients blocked with a blocking
 * operation such as B[LR]POP, but received new data in the context of the
 * last executed command.
 *
 * After the execution of every command or script, we run this list to check
 * if as a result we should serve data to clients blocked, unblocking them.
 * Note that server.ready_keys will not have duplicates as there dictionary
 * also called ready_keys in every structure representing a Redis database,
 * where we make sure to remember if a given key was already added in the
 * server.ready_keys list. */
typedef struct readyList {
    redisDb *db;
    robj *key;
} readyList;

/* With multiplexing we need to take per-client state.
 * Clients are taken in a liked list. */
typedef struct redisClient {
    int fd;
    redisDb *db;
    int dictid;
    robj *name;             /* As set by CLIENT SETNAME */
    sds querybuf;
    size_t querybuf_peak;   /* Recent (100ms or more) peak of querybuf size */
    int argc;
    robj **argv;
    struct redisCommand *cmd, *lastcmd;
    int reqtype;
    int multibulklen;       /* number of multi bulk arguments left to read */
    long bulklen;           /* length of bulk argument in multi bulk request */
    list *reply;
    unsigned long reply_bytes; /* Tot bytes of objects in reply list */
    int sentlen;            /* Amount of bytes already sent in the current
                               buffer or object being sent. */
    time_t ctime;           /* Client creation time */
    time_t lastinteraction; /* time of the last interaction, used for timeout */
    time_t obuf_soft_limit_reached_time;
    int flags;              /* REDIS_SLAVE | REDIS_MONITOR | REDIS_MULTI ... */
    int authenticated;      /* when requirepass is non-NULL */
    int replstate;          /* replication state if this is a slave */
    int repldbfd;           /* replication DB file descriptor */
    long repldboff;         /* replication DB file offset */
    off_t repldbsize;       /* replication DB file size */
    long long reploff;      /* replication offset if this is our master */
    long long repl_ack_off; /* replication ack offset, if this is a slave */
    long long repl_ack_time;/* replication ack time, if this is a slave */
    char replrunid[REDIS_RUN_ID_SIZE+1]; /* master run id if this is a master */
    int slave_listening_port; /* As configured with: SLAVECONF listening-port */
    multiState mstate;      /* MULTI/EXEC state */
    blockingState bpop;   /* blocking state */
    list *io_keys;          /* Keys this client is waiting to be loaded from the
                             * swap file in order to continue. */
    list *watched_keys;     /* Keys WATCHED for MULTI/EXEC CAS */
    dict *pubsub_channels;  /* channels a client is interested in (SUBSCRIBE) */
    list *pubsub_patterns;  /* patterns a client is interested in (SUBSCRIBE) */

    /* Response buffer */
    int bufpos;
    char buf[REDIS_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES];
} redisClient;

struct saveparam {
    time_t seconds;
    int changes;
};

struct sharedObjectsStruct {
    robj *crlf, *ok, *err, *emptybulk, *czero, *cone, *cnegone, *pong, *space,
    *colon, *nullbulk, *nullmultibulk, *queued,
    *emptymultibulk, *wrongtypeerr, *nokeyerr, *syntaxerr, *sameobjecterr,
    *outofrangeerr, *noscripterr, *loadingerr, *slowscripterr, *bgsaveerr,
    *masterdownerr, *roslaveerr, *execaborterr, *noautherr, *noreplicaserr,
    *oomerr, *plus, *messagebulk, *pmessagebulk, *subscribebulk,
    *unsubscribebulk, *psubscribebulk, *punsubscribebulk, *del, *rpop, *lpop,
    *lpush,
    *select[REDIS_SHARED_SELECT_CMDS],
    *integers[REDIS_SHARED_INTEGERS],
    *mbulkhdr[REDIS_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN], /* "*<value>\r\n" */
    *bulkhdr[REDIS_SHARED_BULKHDR_LEN];  /* "$<value>\r\n" */
};

/* ZSETs use a specialized version of Skiplists */
typedef struct zskiplistNode {
    robj *obj;
    double score;
    struct zskiplistNode *backward;
    struct zskiplistLevel {
        struct zskiplistNode *forward;
        unsigned int span;
    } level[];
} zskiplistNode;

typedef struct zskiplist {
    struct zskiplistNode *header, *tail;
    unsigned long length;
    int level;
} zskiplist;

typedef struct zset {
    dict *dict;
    zskiplist *zsl;
} zset;

typedef struct clientBufferLimitsConfig {
    unsigned long long hard_limit_bytes;
    unsigned long long soft_limit_bytes;
    time_t soft_limit_seconds;
} clientBufferLimitsConfig;

extern clientBufferLimitsConfig clientBufferLimitsDefaults[REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_NUM_CLASSES];

/* The redisOp structure defines a Redis Operation, that is an instance of
 * a command with an argument vector, database ID, propagation target
 * (REDIS_PROPAGATE_*), and command pointer.
 *
 * Currently only used to additionally propagate more commands to AOF/Replication
 * after the propagation of the executed command. */
typedef struct redisOp {
    robj **argv;
    int argc, dbid, target;
    struct redisCommand *cmd;
} redisOp;

/* Defines an array of Redis operations. There is an API to add to this
 * structure in a easy way.
 *
 * redisOpArrayInit();
 * redisOpArrayAppend();
 * redisOpArrayFree();
 */
typedef struct redisOpArray {
    redisOp *ops;
    int numops;
} redisOpArray;

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Global server state
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

struct redisServer {
    /* General */
    char *configfile;           /* Absolute config file path, or NULL */
    int hz;                     /* serverCron() calls frequency in hertz */
    redisDb *db;
    dict *commands;             /* Command table */
    dict *orig_commands;        /* Command table before command renaming. */
    aeEventLoop *el;
    unsigned lruclock:22;       /* Clock incrementing every minute, for LRU */
    unsigned lruclock_padding:10;
    int shutdown_asap;          /* SHUTDOWN needed ASAP */
    int activerehashing;        /* Incremental rehash in serverCron() */
    char *requirepass;          /* Pass for AUTH command, or NULL */
    char *pidfile;              /* PID file path */
    int arch_bits;              /* 32 or 64 depending on sizeof(long) */
    int cronloops;              /* Number of times the cron function run */
    char runid[REDIS_RUN_ID_SIZE+1];  /* ID always different at every exec. */
    int sentinel_mode;          /* True if this instance is a Sentinel. */
    /* Networking */
    int port;                   /* TCP listening port */
    char *bindaddr[REDIS_BINDADDR_MAX]; /* Addresses we should bind to */
    int bindaddr_count;         /* Number of addresses in server.bindaddr[] */
    char *unixsocket;           /* UNIX socket path */
    mode_t unixsocketperm;      /* UNIX socket permission */
    int ipfd;                   /* TCP socket file descriptor */
    int sofd;                   /* Unix socket file descriptor */
    list *clients;              /* List of active clients */
    list *clients_to_close;     /* Clients to close asynchronously */
    list *slaves, *monitors;    /* List of slaves and MONITORs */
    redisClient *current_client; /* Current client, only used on crash report */
    char neterr[ANET_ERR_LEN];  /* Error buffer for anet.c */
    /* RDB / AOF loading information */
    int loading;                /* We are loading data from disk if true */
    off_t loading_total_bytes;
    off_t loading_loaded_bytes;
    time_t loading_start_time;
    /* Fast pointers to often looked up command */
    struct redisCommand *delCommand, *multiCommand, *lpushCommand, *lpopCommand,
                        *rpopCommand;
    /* Fields used only for stats */
    time_t stat_starttime;          /* Server start time */
    long long stat_numcommands;     /* Number of processed commands */
    long long stat_numconnections;  /* Number of connections received */
    long long stat_expiredkeys;     /* Number of expired keys */
    long long stat_evictedkeys;     /* Number of evicted keys (maxmemory) */
    long long stat_keyspace_hits;   /* Number of successful lookups of keys */
    long long stat_keyspace_misses; /* Number of failed lookups of keys */
    size_t stat_peak_memory;        /* Max used memory record */
    long long stat_fork_time;       /* Time needed to perform latest fork() */
    long long stat_rejected_conn;   /* Clients rejected because of maxclients */
    long long stat_sync_full;       /* Number of full resyncs with slaves. */
    long long stat_sync_partial_ok; /* Number of accepted PSYNC requests. */
    long long stat_sync_partial_err;/* Number of unaccepted PSYNC requests. */
    list *slowlog;                  /* SLOWLOG list of commands */
    long long slowlog_entry_id;     /* SLOWLOG current entry ID */
    long long slowlog_log_slower_than; /* SLOWLOG time limit (to get logged) */
    unsigned long slowlog_max_len;     /* SLOWLOG max number of items logged */
    /* The following two are used to track instantaneous "load" in terms
     * of operations per second. */
    long long ops_sec_last_sample_time; /* Timestamp of last sample (in ms) */
    long long ops_sec_last_sample_ops;  /* numcommands in last sample */
    long long ops_sec_samples[REDIS_OPS_SEC_SAMPLES];
    int ops_sec_idx;
    /* Configuration */
    int verbosity;                  /* Loglevel in redis.conf */
    int maxidletime;                /* Client timeout in seconds */
    int tcpkeepalive;               /* Set SO_KEEPALIVE if non-zero. */
    int active_expire_enabled;      /* Can be disabled for testing purposes. */
    size_t client_max_querybuf_len; /* Limit for client query buffer length */
    int dbnum;                      /* Total number of configured DBs */
    int daemonize;                  /* True if running as a daemon */
    clientBufferLimitsConfig client_obuf_limits[REDIS_CLIENT_LIMIT_NUM_CLASSES];
    /* AOF persistence */
    int aof_state;                  /* REDIS_AOF_(ON|OFF|WAIT_REWRITE) */
    int aof_fsync;                  /* Kind of fsync() policy */
    char *aof_filename;             /* Name of the AOF file */
    int aof_no_fsync_on_rewrite;    /* Don't fsync if a rewrite is in prog. */
    int aof_rewrite_perc;           /* Rewrite AOF if % growth is > M and... */
    off_t aof_rewrite_min_size;     /* the AOF file is at least N bytes. */
    off_t aof_rewrite_base_size;    /* AOF size on latest startup or rewrite. */
    off_t aof_current_size;         /* AOF current size. */
    int aof_rewrite_scheduled;      /* Rewrite once BGSAVE terminates. */
    pid_t aof_child_pid;            /* PID if rewriting process */
    list *aof_rewrite_buf_blocks;   /* Hold changes during an AOF rewrite. */
    sds aof_buf;      /* AOF buffer, written before entering the event loop */
    int aof_fd;       /* File descriptor of currently selected AOF file */
    int aof_selected_db; /* Currently selected DB in AOF */
    time_t aof_flush_postponed_start; /* UNIX time of postponed AOF flush */
    time_t aof_last_fsync;            /* UNIX time of last fsync() */
    time_t aof_rewrite_time_last;   /* Time used by last AOF rewrite run. */
    time_t aof_rewrite_time_start;  /* Current AOF rewrite start time. */
    int aof_lastbgrewrite_status;   /* REDIS_OK or REDIS_ERR */
    unsigned long aof_delayed_fsync;  /* delayed AOF fsync() counter */
    int aof_rewrite_incremental_fsync;/* fsync incrementally while rewriting? */
    /* RDB persistence */
    long long dirty;                /* Changes to DB from the last save */
    long long dirty_before_bgsave;  /* Used to restore dirty on failed BGSAVE */
    pid_t rdb_child_pid;            /* PID of RDB saving child */
    struct saveparam *saveparams;   /* Save points array for RDB */
    int saveparamslen;              /* Number of saving points */
    char *rdb_filename;             /* Name of RDB file */
    int rdb_compression;            /* Use compression in RDB? */
    int rdb_checksum;               /* Use RDB checksum? */
    time_t lastsave;                /* Unix time of last successful save */
    time_t lastbgsave_try;          /* Unix time of last attempted bgsave */
    time_t rdb_save_time_last;      /* Time used by last RDB save run. */
    time_t rdb_save_time_start;     /* Current RDB save start time. */
    int lastbgsave_status;          /* REDIS_OK or REDIS_ERR */
    int stop_writes_on_bgsave_err;  /* Don't allow writes if can't BGSAVE */
    /* Propagation of commands in AOF / replication */
    redisOpArray also_propagate;    /* Additional command to propagate. */
    /* Logging */
    char *logfile;                  /* Path of log file */
    int syslog_enabled;             /* Is syslog enabled? */
    char *syslog_ident;             /* Syslog ident */
    int syslog_facility;            /* Syslog facility */
    /* Replication (master) */
    int slaveseldb;                 /* Last SELECTed DB in replication output */
    long long master_repl_offset;   /* Global replication offset */
    int repl_ping_slave_period;     /* Master pings the slave every N seconds */
    char *repl_backlog;             /* Replication backlog for partial syncs */
    long long repl_backlog_size;    /* Backlog circular buffer size */
    long long repl_backlog_histlen; /* Backlog actual data length */
    long long repl_backlog_idx;     /* Backlog circular buffer current offset */
    long long repl_backlog_off;     /* Replication offset of first byte in the
                                       backlog buffer. */
    time_t repl_backlog_time_limit; /* Time without slaves after the backlog
                                       gets released. */
    time_t repl_no_slaves_since;    /* We have no slaves since that time.
                                       Only valid if server.slaves len is 0. */
    int repl_min_slaves_to_write;   /* Min number of slaves to write. */
    int repl_min_slaves_max_lag;    /* Max lag of <count> slaves to write. */
    int repl_good_slaves_count;     /* Number of slaves with lag <= max_lag. */
    /* Replication (slave) */
    char *masterauth;               /* AUTH with this password with master */
    char *masterhost;               /* Hostname of master */
    int masterport;                 /* Port of master */
    int repl_timeout;               /* Timeout after N seconds of master idle */
    redisClient *master;     /* Client that is master for this slave */
    redisClient *cached_master; /* Cached master to be reused for PSYNC. */
    int repl_syncio_timeout; /* Timeout for synchronous I/O calls */
    int repl_state;          /* Replication status if the instance is a slave */
    off_t repl_transfer_size; /* Size of RDB to read from master during sync. */
    off_t repl_transfer_read; /* Amount of RDB read from master during sync. */
    off_t repl_transfer_last_fsync_off; /* Offset when we fsync-ed last time. */
    int repl_transfer_s;     /* Slave -> Master SYNC socket */
    int repl_transfer_fd;    /* Slave -> Master SYNC temp file descriptor */
    char *repl_transfer_tmpfile; /* Slave-> master SYNC temp file name */
    time_t repl_transfer_lastio; /* Unix time of the latest read, for timeout */
    int repl_serve_stale_data; /* Serve stale data when link is down? */
    int repl_slave_ro;          /* Slave is read only? */
    time_t repl_down_since; /* Unix time at which link with master went down */
    int repl_disable_tcp_nodelay;   /* Disable TCP_NODELAY after SYNC? */
    int slave_priority;             /* Reported in INFO and used by Sentinel. */
    char repl_master_runid[REDIS_RUN_ID_SIZE+1];  /* Master run id for PSYNC. */
    long long repl_master_initial_offset;         /* Master PSYNC offset. */
    /* Replication script cache. */
    dict *repl_scriptcache_dict;        /* SHA1 all slaves are aware of. */
    list *repl_scriptcache_fifo;        /* First in, first out LRU eviction. */
    int repl_scriptcache_size;          /* Max number of elements. */
    /* Limits */
    unsigned int maxclients;        /* Max number of simultaneous clients */
    unsigned long long maxmemory;   /* Max number of memory bytes to use */
    int maxmemory_policy;           /* Policy for key eviction */
    int maxmemory_samples;          /* Pricision of random sampling */
    /* Blocked clients */
    unsigned int bpop_blocked_clients; /* Number of clients blocked by lists */
    list *unblocked_clients; /* list of clients to unblock before next loop */
    list *ready_keys;        /* List of readyList structures for BLPOP & co */
    /* Sort parameters - qsort_r() is only available under BSD so we
     * have to take this state global, in order to pass it to sortCompare() */
    int sort_desc;
    int sort_alpha;
    int sort_bypattern;
    /* Zip structure config, see redis.conf for more information  */
    size_t hash_max_ziplist_entries;
    size_t hash_max_ziplist_value;
    size_t list_max_ziplist_entries;
    size_t list_max_ziplist_value;
    size_t set_max_intset_entries;
    size_t zset_max_ziplist_entries;
    size_t zset_max_ziplist_value;
    time_t unixtime;        /* Unix time sampled every second. */
    /* Pubsub */
    dict *pubsub_channels;  /* Map channels to list of subscribed clients */
    list *pubsub_patterns;  /* A list of pubsub_patterns */
    int notify_keyspace_events; /* Events to propagate via Pub/Sub. This is an
                                   xor of REDIS_NOTIFY... flags. */
    /* Scripting */
    lua_State *lua; /* The Lua interpreter. We use just one for all clients */
    redisClient *lua_client;   /* The "fake client" to query Redis from Lua */
    redisClient *lua_caller;   /* The client running EVAL right now, or NULL */
    dict *lua_scripts;         /* A dictionary of SHA1 -> Lua scripts */
    long long lua_time_limit;  /* Script timeout in seconds */
    long long lua_time_start;  /* Start time of script */
    int lua_write_dirty;  /* True if a write command was called during the
                             execution of the current script. */
    int lua_random_dirty; /* True if a random command was called during the
                             execution of the current script. */
    int lua_timedout;     /* True if we reached the time limit for script
                             execution. */
    int lua_kill;         /* Kill the script if true. */
    /* Assert & bug reporting */
    char *assert_failed;
    char *assert_file;
    int assert_line;
    int bug_report_start; /* True if bug report header was already logged. */
    int watchdog_period;  /* Software watchdog period in ms. 0 = off */
};

typedef struct pubsubPattern {
    redisClient *client;
    robj *pattern;
} pubsubPattern;

typedef void redisCommandProc(redisClient *c);
typedef int *redisGetKeysProc(struct redisCommand *cmd, robj **argv, int argc, int *numkeys, int flags);
struct redisCommand {
    char *name;
    redisCommandProc *proc;
    int arity;
    char *sflags; /* Flags as string representation, one char per flag. */
    int flags;    /* The actual flags, obtained from the 'sflags' field. */
    /* Use a function to determine keys arguments in a command line. */
    redisGetKeysProc *getkeys_proc;
    /* What keys should be loaded in background when calling this command? */
    int firstkey; /* The first argument that's a key (0 = no keys) */
    int lastkey;  /* The last argument that's a key */
    int keystep;  /* The step between first and last key */
    long long microseconds, calls;
};

struct redisFunctionSym {
    char *name;
    unsigned long pointer;
};

typedef struct _redisSortObject {
    robj *obj;
    union {
        double score;
        robj *cmpobj;
    } u;
} redisSortObject;

typedef struct _redisSortOperation {
    int type;
    robj *pattern;
} redisSortOperation;

/* Structure to hold list iteration abstraction. */
typedef struct {
    robj *subject;
    unsigned char encoding;
    unsigned char direction; /* Iteration direction */
    unsigned char *zi;
    listNode *ln;
} listTypeIterator;

/* Structure for an entry while iterating over a list. */
typedef struct {
    listTypeIterator *li;
    unsigned char *zi;  /* Entry in ziplist */
    listNode *ln;       /* Entry in linked list */
} listTypeEntry;

/* Structure to hold set iteration abstraction. */
typedef struct {
    robj *subject;
    int encoding;
    int ii; /* intset iterator */
    dictIterator *di;
} setTypeIterator;

/* Structure to hold hash iteration abstraction. Note that iteration over
 * hashes involves both fields and values. Because it is possible that
 * not both are required, store pointers in the iterator to avoid
 * unnecessary memory allocation for fields/values. */
typedef struct {
    robj *subject;
    int encoding;

    unsigned char *fptr, *vptr;

    dictIterator *di;
    dictEntry *de;
} hashTypeIterator;

#define REDIS_HASH_KEY 1
#define REDIS_HASH_VALUE 2

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Extern declarations
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

extern struct redisServer server;
extern struct sharedObjectsStruct shared;
extern dictType setDictType;
extern dictType zsetDictType;
extern dictType dbDictType;
extern dictType shaScriptObjectDictType;
extern double R_Zero, R_PosInf, R_NegInf, R_Nan;
extern dictType hashDictType;
extern dictType replScriptCacheDictType;

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Functions prototypes
 *----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Utils */
long long ustime(void);
long long mstime(void);
void getRandomHexChars(char *p, unsigned int len);
uint64_t crc64(uint64_t crc, const unsigned char *s, uint64_t l);
void exitFromChild(int retcode);
size_t redisPopcount(void *s, long count);
void redisSetProcTitle(char *title);

/* networking.c -- Networking and Client related operations */
redisClient *createClient(int fd);
void closeTimedoutClients(void);
void freeClient(redisClient *c);
void freeClientAsync(redisClient *c);
void resetClient(redisClient *c);
void sendReplyToClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask);
void addReply(redisClient *c, robj *obj);
void *addDeferredMultiBulkLength(redisClient *c);
void setDeferredMultiBulkLength(redisClient *c, void *node, long length);
void addReplySds(redisClient *c, sds s);
void processInputBuffer(redisClient *c);
void acceptTcpHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask);
void acceptUnixHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask);
void readQueryFromClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask);
void addReplyBulk(redisClient *c, robj *obj);
void addReplyBulkCString(redisClient *c, char *s);
void addReplyBulkCBuffer(redisClient *c, void *p, size_t len);
void addReplyBulkLongLong(redisClient *c, long long ll);
void acceptHandler(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask);
void addReply(redisClient *c, robj *obj);
void addReplySds(redisClient *c, sds s);
void addReplyError(redisClient *c, char *err);
void addReplyStatus(redisClient *c, char *status);
void addReplyDouble(redisClient *c, double d);
void addReplyLongLong(redisClient *c, long long ll);
void addReplyMultiBulkLen(redisClient *c, long length);
void copyClientOutputBuffer(redisClient *dst, redisClient *src);
void *dupClientReplyValue(void *o);
void getClientsMaxBuffers(unsigned long *longest_output_list,
                          unsigned long *biggest_input_buffer);
sds getClientInfoString(redisClient *client);
sds getAllClientsInfoString(void);
void rewriteClientCommandVector(redisClient *c, int argc, ...);
void rewriteClientCommandArgument(redisClient *c, int i, robj *newval);
unsigned long getClientOutputBufferMemoryUsage(redisClient *c);
void freeClientsInAsyncFreeQueue(void);
void asyncCloseClientOnOutputBufferLimitReached(redisClient *c);
int getClientLimitClassByName(char *name);
char *getClientLimitClassName(int class);
void flushSlavesOutputBuffers(void);
void disconnectSlaves(void);

#ifdef __GNUC__
void addReplyErrorFormat(redisClient *c, const char *fmt, ...)
    __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
void addReplyStatusFormat(redisClient *c, const char *fmt, ...)
    __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
#else
void addReplyErrorFormat(redisClient *c, const char *fmt, ...);
void addReplyStatusFormat(redisClient *c, const char *fmt, ...);
#endif

/* List data type */
void listTypeTryConversion(robj *subject, robj *value);
void listTypePush(robj *subject, robj *value, int where);
robj *listTypePop(robj *subject, int where);
unsigned long listTypeLength(robj *subject);
listTypeIterator *listTypeInitIterator(robj *subject, long index, unsigned char direction);
void listTypeReleaseIterator(listTypeIterator *li);
int listTypeNext(listTypeIterator *li, listTypeEntry *entry);
robj *listTypeGet(listTypeEntry *entry);
void listTypeInsert(listTypeEntry *entry, robj *value, int where);
int listTypeEqual(listTypeEntry *entry, robj *o);
void listTypeDelete(listTypeEntry *entry);
void listTypeConvert(robj *subject, int enc);
void unblockClientWaitingData(redisClient *c);
void handleClientsBlockedOnLists(void);
void popGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int where);

/* MULTI/EXEC/WATCH... */
void unwatchAllKeys(redisClient *c);
void initClientMultiState(redisClient *c);
void freeClientMultiState(redisClient *c);
void queueMultiCommand(redisClient *c);
void touchWatchedKey(redisDb *db, robj *key);
void touchWatchedKeysOnFlush(int dbid);
void discardTransaction(redisClient *c);
void flagTransaction(redisClient *c);

/* Redis object implementation */
void decrRefCount(robj *o);
void decrRefCountVoid(void *o);
void incrRefCount(robj *o);
robj *resetRefCount(robj *obj);
void freeStringObject(robj *o);
void freeListObject(robj *o);
void freeSetObject(robj *o);
void freeZsetObject(robj *o);
void freeHashObject(robj *o);
robj *createObject(int type, void *ptr);
robj *createStringObject(char *ptr, size_t len);
robj *dupStringObject(robj *o);
int isObjectRepresentableAsLongLong(robj *o, long long *llongval);
robj *tryObjectEncoding(robj *o);
robj *getDecodedObject(robj *o);
size_t stringObjectLen(robj *o);
robj *createStringObjectFromLongLong(long long value);
robj *createStringObjectFromLongDouble(long double value);
robj *createListObject(void);
robj *createZiplistObject(void);
robj *createSetObject(void);
robj *createIntsetObject(void);
robj *createHashObject(void);
robj *createZsetObject(void);
robj *createZsetZiplistObject(void);
int getLongFromObjectOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *o, long *target, const char *msg);
int checkType(redisClient *c, robj *o, int type);
int getLongLongFromObjectOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *o, long long *target, const char *msg);
int getDoubleFromObjectOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *o, double *target, const char *msg);
int getLongLongFromObject(robj *o, long long *target);
int getLongDoubleFromObject(robj *o, long double *target);
int getLongDoubleFromObjectOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *o, long double *target, const char *msg);
char *strEncoding(int encoding);
int compareStringObjects(robj *a, robj *b);
int equalStringObjects(robj *a, robj *b);
unsigned long estimateObjectIdleTime(robj *o);

/* Synchronous I/O with timeout */
ssize_t syncWrite(int fd, char *ptr, ssize_t size, long long timeout);
ssize_t syncRead(int fd, char *ptr, ssize_t size, long long timeout);
ssize_t syncReadLine(int fd, char *ptr, ssize_t size, long long timeout);

/* Replication */
void replicationFeedSlaves(list *slaves, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
void replicationFeedMonitors(redisClient *c, list *monitors, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
void updateSlavesWaitingBgsave(int bgsaveerr);
void replicationCron(void);
void replicationHandleMasterDisconnection(void);
void replicationCacheMaster(redisClient *c);
void resizeReplicationBacklog(long long newsize);
void refreshGoodSlavesCount(void);
void replicationScriptCacheInit(void);
void replicationScriptCacheFlush(void);
void replicationScriptCacheAdd(sds sha1);
int replicationScriptCacheExists(sds sha1);

/* Generic persistence functions */
void startLoading(FILE *fp);
void loadingProgress(off_t pos);
void stopLoading(void);

/* RDB persistence */
#include "rdb.h"

/* AOF persistence */
void flushAppendOnlyFile(int force);
void feedAppendOnlyFile(struct redisCommand *cmd, int dictid, robj **argv, int argc);
void aofRemoveTempFile(pid_t childpid);
int rewriteAppendOnlyFileBackground(void);
int loadAppendOnlyFile(char *filename);
void stopAppendOnly(void);
int startAppendOnly(void);
void backgroundRewriteDoneHandler(int exitcode, int bysignal);
void aofRewriteBufferReset(void);
unsigned long aofRewriteBufferSize(void);

/* Sorted sets data type */

/* Struct to hold a inclusive/exclusive range spec. */
typedef struct {
    double min, max;
    int minex, maxex; /* are min or max exclusive? */
} zrangespec;

zskiplist *zslCreate(void);
void zslFree(zskiplist *zsl);
zskiplistNode *zslInsert(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj);
unsigned char *zzlInsert(unsigned char *zl, robj *ele, double score);
int zslDelete(zskiplist *zsl, double score, robj *obj);
zskiplistNode *zslFirstInRange(zskiplist *zsl, zrangespec range);
double zzlGetScore(unsigned char *sptr);
void zzlNext(unsigned char *zl, unsigned char **eptr, unsigned char **sptr);
void zzlPrev(unsigned char *zl, unsigned char **eptr, unsigned char **sptr);
unsigned int zsetLength(robj *zobj);
void zsetConvert(robj *zobj, int encoding);

/* Core functions */
int freeMemoryIfNeeded(void);
int processCommand(redisClient *c);
void setupSignalHandlers(void);
struct redisCommand *lookupCommand(sds name);
struct redisCommand *lookupCommandByCString(char *s);
struct redisCommand *lookupCommandOrOriginal(sds name);
void call(redisClient *c, int flags);
void propagate(struct redisCommand *cmd, int dbid, robj **argv, int argc, int flags);
void alsoPropagate(struct redisCommand *cmd, int dbid, robj **argv, int argc, int target);
void forceCommandPropagation(redisClient *c, int flags);
int prepareForShutdown();
#ifdef __GNUC__
void redisLog(int level, const char *fmt, ...)
    __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
#else
void redisLog(int level, const char *fmt, ...);
#endif
void redisLogRaw(int level, const char *msg);
void redisLogFromHandler(int level, const char *msg);
void usage();
void updateDictResizePolicy(void);
int htNeedsResize(dict *dict);
void oom(const char *msg);
void populateCommandTable(void);
void resetCommandTableStats(void);
void adjustOpenFilesLimit(void);

/* Set data type */
robj *setTypeCreate(robj *value);
int setTypeAdd(robj *subject, robj *value);
int setTypeRemove(robj *subject, robj *value);
int setTypeIsMember(robj *subject, robj *value);
setTypeIterator *setTypeInitIterator(robj *subject);
void setTypeReleaseIterator(setTypeIterator *si);
int setTypeNext(setTypeIterator *si, robj **objele, int64_t *llele);
robj *setTypeNextObject(setTypeIterator *si);
int setTypeRandomElement(robj *setobj, robj **objele, int64_t *llele);
unsigned long setTypeSize(robj *subject);
void setTypeConvert(robj *subject, int enc);

/* Hash data type */
void hashTypeConvert(robj *o, int enc);
void hashTypeTryConversion(robj *subject, robj **argv, int start, int end);
void hashTypeTryObjectEncoding(robj *subject, robj **o1, robj **o2);
robj *hashTypeGetObject(robj *o, robj *key);
int hashTypeExists(robj *o, robj *key);
int hashTypeSet(robj *o, robj *key, robj *value);
int hashTypeDelete(robj *o, robj *key);
unsigned long hashTypeLength(robj *o);
hashTypeIterator *hashTypeInitIterator(robj *subject);
void hashTypeReleaseIterator(hashTypeIterator *hi);
int hashTypeNext(hashTypeIterator *hi);
void hashTypeCurrentFromZiplist(hashTypeIterator *hi, int what,
                                unsigned char **vstr,
                                unsigned int *vlen,
                                long long *vll);
void hashTypeCurrentFromHashTable(hashTypeIterator *hi, int what, robj **dst);
robj *hashTypeCurrentObject(hashTypeIterator *hi, int what);
robj *hashTypeLookupWriteOrCreate(redisClient *c, robj *key);

/* Pub / Sub */
int pubsubUnsubscribeAllChannels(redisClient *c, int notify);
int pubsubUnsubscribeAllPatterns(redisClient *c, int notify);
void freePubsubPattern(void *p);
int listMatchPubsubPattern(void *a, void *b);
int pubsubPublishMessage(robj *channel, robj *message);

/* Keyspace events notification */
void notifyKeyspaceEvent(int type, char *event, robj *key, int dbid);
int keyspaceEventsStringToFlags(char *classes);
sds keyspaceEventsFlagsToString(int flags);

/* Configuration */
void loadServerConfig(char *filename, char *options);
void appendServerSaveParams(time_t seconds, int changes);
void resetServerSaveParams();

/* db.c -- Keyspace access API */
int removeExpire(redisDb *db, robj *key);
void propagateExpire(redisDb *db, robj *key);
int expireIfNeeded(redisDb *db, robj *key);
long long getExpire(redisDb *db, robj *key);
void setExpire(redisDb *db, robj *key, long long when);
robj *lookupKey(redisDb *db, robj *key);
robj *lookupKeyRead(redisDb *db, robj *key);
robj *lookupKeyWrite(redisDb *db, robj *key);
robj *lookupKeyReadOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *key, robj *reply);
robj *lookupKeyWriteOrReply(redisClient *c, robj *key, robj *reply);
void dbAdd(redisDb *db, robj *key, robj *val);
void dbOverwrite(redisDb *db, robj *key, robj *val);
void setKey(redisDb *db, robj *key, robj *val);
int dbExists(redisDb *db, robj *key);
robj *dbRandomKey(redisDb *db);
int dbDelete(redisDb *db, robj *key);
long long emptyDb();
int selectDb(redisClient *c, int id);
void signalModifiedKey(redisDb *db, robj *key);
void signalFlushedDb(int dbid);
unsigned int GetKeysInSlot(unsigned int hashslot, robj **keys, unsigned int count);

/* API to get key arguments from commands */
#define REDIS_GETKEYS_ALL 0
#define REDIS_GETKEYS_PRELOAD 1
int *getKeysFromCommand(struct redisCommand *cmd, robj **argv, int argc, int *numkeys, int flags);
void getKeysFreeResult(int *result);
int *noPreloadGetKeys(struct redisCommand *cmd,robj **argv, int argc, int *numkeys, int flags);
int *renameGetKeys(struct redisCommand *cmd,robj **argv, int argc, int *numkeys, int flags);
int *zunionInterGetKeys(struct redisCommand *cmd,robj **argv, int argc, int *numkeys, int flags);

/* Sentinel */
void initSentinelConfig(void);
void initSentinel(void);
void sentinelTimer(void);
char *sentinelHandleConfiguration(char **argv, int argc);

/* Scripting */
void scriptingInit(void);

/* Git SHA1 */
char *redisGitSHA1(void);
char *redisGitDirty(void);
uint64_t redisBuildId(void);

/* Commands prototypes */
void authCommand(redisClient *c);
void pingCommand(redisClient *c);
void echoCommand(redisClient *c);
void setCommand(redisClient *c);
void setnxCommand(redisClient *c);
void setexCommand(redisClient *c);
void psetexCommand(redisClient *c);
void getCommand(redisClient *c);
void delCommand(redisClient *c);
void existsCommand(redisClient *c);
void setbitCommand(redisClient *c);
void getbitCommand(redisClient *c);
void setrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
void getrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
void incrCommand(redisClient *c);
void decrCommand(redisClient *c);
void incrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
void decrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
void incrbyfloatCommand(redisClient *c);
void selectCommand(redisClient *c);
void randomkeyCommand(redisClient *c);
void keysCommand(redisClient *c);
void dbsizeCommand(redisClient *c);
void lastsaveCommand(redisClient *c);
void saveCommand(redisClient *c);
void bgsaveCommand(redisClient *c);
void bgrewriteaofCommand(redisClient *c);
void shutdownCommand(redisClient *c);
void moveCommand(redisClient *c);
void renameCommand(redisClient *c);
void renamenxCommand(redisClient *c);
void lpushCommand(redisClient *c);
void rpushCommand(redisClient *c);
void lpushxCommand(redisClient *c);
void rpushxCommand(redisClient *c);
void linsertCommand(redisClient *c);
void lpopCommand(redisClient *c);
void rpopCommand(redisClient *c);
void llenCommand(redisClient *c);
void lindexCommand(redisClient *c);
void lrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
void ltrimCommand(redisClient *c);
void typeCommand(redisClient *c);
void lsetCommand(redisClient *c);
void saddCommand(redisClient *c);
void sremCommand(redisClient *c);
void smoveCommand(redisClient *c);
void sismemberCommand(redisClient *c);
void scardCommand(redisClient *c);
void spopCommand(redisClient *c);
void srandmemberCommand(redisClient *c);
void sinterCommand(redisClient *c);
void sinterstoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void sunionCommand(redisClient *c);
void sunionstoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void sdiffCommand(redisClient *c);
void sdiffstoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void syncCommand(redisClient *c);
void flushdbCommand(redisClient *c);
void flushallCommand(redisClient *c);
void sortCommand(redisClient *c);
void lremCommand(redisClient *c);
void rpoplpushCommand(redisClient *c);
void infoCommand(redisClient *c);
void mgetCommand(redisClient *c);
void monitorCommand(redisClient *c);
void expireCommand(redisClient *c);
void expireatCommand(redisClient *c);
void pexpireCommand(redisClient *c);
void pexpireatCommand(redisClient *c);
void getsetCommand(redisClient *c);
void ttlCommand(redisClient *c);
void pttlCommand(redisClient *c);
void persistCommand(redisClient *c);
void slaveofCommand(redisClient *c);
void debugCommand(redisClient *c);
void msetCommand(redisClient *c);
void msetnxCommand(redisClient *c);
void zaddCommand(redisClient *c);
void zincrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrevrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void zcountCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrevrangeCommand(redisClient *c);
void zcardCommand(redisClient *c);
void zremCommand(redisClient *c);
void zscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void zremrangebyscoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void multiCommand(redisClient *c);
void execCommand(redisClient *c);
void discardCommand(redisClient *c);
void blpopCommand(redisClient *c);
void brpopCommand(redisClient *c);
void brpoplpushCommand(redisClient *c);
void appendCommand(redisClient *c);
void strlenCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrankCommand(redisClient *c);
void zrevrankCommand(redisClient *c);
void hsetCommand(redisClient *c);
void hsetnxCommand(redisClient *c);
void hgetCommand(redisClient *c);
void hmsetCommand(redisClient *c);
void hmgetCommand(redisClient *c);
void hdelCommand(redisClient *c);
void hlenCommand(redisClient *c);
void zremrangebyrankCommand(redisClient *c);
void zunionstoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void zinterstoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void hkeysCommand(redisClient *c);
void hvalsCommand(redisClient *c);
void hgetallCommand(redisClient *c);
void hexistsCommand(redisClient *c);
void configCommand(redisClient *c);
void hincrbyCommand(redisClient *c);
void hincrbyfloatCommand(redisClient *c);
void subscribeCommand(redisClient *c);
void unsubscribeCommand(redisClient *c);
void psubscribeCommand(redisClient *c);
void punsubscribeCommand(redisClient *c);
void publishCommand(redisClient *c);
void pubsubCommand(redisClient *c);
void watchCommand(redisClient *c);
void unwatchCommand(redisClient *c);
void restoreCommand(redisClient *c);
void migrateCommand(redisClient *c);
void dumpCommand(redisClient *c);
void objectCommand(redisClient *c);
void clientCommand(redisClient *c);
void evalCommand(redisClient *c);
void evalShaCommand(redisClient *c);
void scriptCommand(redisClient *c);
void timeCommand(redisClient *c);
void bitopCommand(redisClient *c);
void bitcountCommand(redisClient *c);
void replconfCommand(redisClient *c);

#if defined(__GNUC__)
void *calloc(size_t count, size_t size) __attribute__ ((deprecated));
void free(void *ptr) __attribute__ ((deprecated));
void *malloc(size_t size) __attribute__ ((deprecated));
void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size) __attribute__ ((deprecated));
#endif

/* Debugging stuff */
void _redisAssertWithInfo(redisClient *c, robj *o, char *estr, char *file, int line);
void _redisAssert(char *estr, char *file, int line);
void _redisPanic(char *msg, char *file, int line);
void bugReportStart(void);
void redisLogObjectDebugInfo(robj *o);
void sigsegvHandler(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *secret);
sds genRedisInfoString(char *section);
void enableWatchdog(int period);
void disableWatchdog(void);
void watchdogScheduleSignal(int period);
void redisLogHexDump(int level, char *descr, void *value, size_t len);

#define redisDebug(fmt, ...) \
    printf("DEBUG %s:%d > " fmt "\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __VA_ARGS__)
#define redisDebugMark() \
    printf("-- MARK %s:%d --\n", __FILE__, __LINE__)

#endif