ThirdPartyPackages.cmake

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.

set(MILVUS_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES

        GTest
        MySQLPP
        Prometheus
        SQLite
        SQLite_ORM
        yaml-cpp
        libunwind
        gperftools
        GRPC
        ZLIB
        Opentracing
        fiu)

message(STATUS "Using ${MILVUS_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE} approach to find dependencies")

# For each dependency, set dependency source to global default, if unset
foreach (DEPENDENCY ${MILVUS_THIRDPARTY_DEPENDENCIES})
    if ("${${DEPENDENCY}_SOURCE}" STREQUAL "")
        set(${DEPENDENCY}_SOURCE ${MILVUS_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE})
    endif ()
endforeach ()

macro(build_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
    if ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "GTest")
        build_gtest()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "MySQLPP")
        build_mysqlpp()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "Prometheus")
        build_prometheus()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "SQLite")
        build_sqlite()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "SQLite_ORM")
        build_sqlite_orm()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "yaml-cpp")
        build_yamlcpp()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "libunwind")
        build_libunwind()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "gperftools")
        build_gperftools()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "GRPC")
        build_grpc()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "ZLIB")
        build_zlib()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "Opentracing")
        build_opentracing()
    elseif ("${DEPENDENCY_NAME}" STREQUAL "fiu")
        build_fiu()
    else ()
        message(FATAL_ERROR "Unknown thirdparty dependency to build: ${DEPENDENCY_NAME}")
    endif ()
endmacro()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Identify OS
if (UNIX)
    if (APPLE)
        set(CMAKE_OS_NAME "osx" CACHE STRING "Operating system name" FORCE)
    else (APPLE)
        ## Check for Debian GNU/Linux ________________
        find_file(DEBIAN_FOUND debian_version debconf.conf
                PATHS /etc
                )
        if (DEBIAN_FOUND)
            set(CMAKE_OS_NAME "debian" CACHE STRING "Operating system name" FORCE)
        endif (DEBIAN_FOUND)
        ##  Check for Fedora _________________________
        find_file(FEDORA_FOUND fedora-release
                PATHS /etc
                )
        if (FEDORA_FOUND)
            set(CMAKE_OS_NAME "fedora" CACHE STRING "Operating system name" FORCE)
        endif (FEDORA_FOUND)
        ##  Check for RedHat _________________________
        find_file(REDHAT_FOUND redhat-release inittab.RH
                PATHS /etc
                )
        if (REDHAT_FOUND)
            set(CMAKE_OS_NAME "redhat" CACHE STRING "Operating system name" FORCE)
        endif (REDHAT_FOUND)
        ## Extra check for Ubuntu ____________________
        if (DEBIAN_FOUND)
            ## At its core Ubuntu is a Debian system, with
            ## a slightly altered configuration; hence from
            ## a first superficial inspection a system will
            ## be considered as Debian, which signifies an
            ## extra check is required.
            find_file(UBUNTU_EXTRA legal issue
                    PATHS /etc
                    )
            if (UBUNTU_EXTRA)
                ## Scan contents of file
                file(STRINGS ${UBUNTU_EXTRA} UBUNTU_FOUND
                        REGEX Ubuntu
                        )
                ## Check result of string search
                if (UBUNTU_FOUND)
                    set(CMAKE_OS_NAME "ubuntu" CACHE STRING "Operating system name" FORCE)
                    set(DEBIAN_FOUND FALSE)

                    find_program(LSB_RELEASE_EXEC lsb_release)
                    execute_process(COMMAND ${LSB_RELEASE_EXEC} -rs
                            OUTPUT_VARIABLE LSB_RELEASE_ID_SHORT
                            OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
                            )
                    STRING(REGEX REPLACE "\\." "_" UBUNTU_VERSION "${LSB_RELEASE_ID_SHORT}")
                endif (UBUNTU_FOUND)
            endif (UBUNTU_EXTRA)
        endif (DEBIAN_FOUND)
    endif (APPLE)
endif (UNIX)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# thirdparty directory
set(THIRDPARTY_DIR "${MILVUS_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdparty")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# JFrog
if (NOT DEFINED USE_JFROG_CACHE)
    set(USE_JFROG_CACHE "OFF")
endif ()
if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
    if (DEFINED ENV{JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL})
        set(JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL "$ENV{JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL}")
    endif ()
    if (NOT DEFINED JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL)
        message(FATAL_ERROR "JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL is not set")
    endif ()
    if (UBUNTU_FOUND)
        set(JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL}/milvus/thirdparty/cache/${CMAKE_OS_NAME}/${UBUNTU_VERSION}/${MILVUS_BUILD_ARCH}/${BUILD_TYPE}")
    else ()
        set(JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_URL}/milvus/thirdparty/cache/${CMAKE_OS_NAME}/${MILVUS_BUILD_ARCH}/${BUILD_TYPE}")
    endif ()
    if (DEFINED ENV{JFROG_USER_NAME})
        set(JFROG_USER_NAME "$ENV{JFROG_USER_NAME}")
    endif ()
    if (NOT DEFINED JFROG_USER_NAME)
        message(FATAL_ERROR "JFROG_USER_NAME is not set")
    endif ()
    if (DEFINED ENV{JFROG_PASSWORD})
        set(JFROG_PASSWORD "$ENV{JFROG_PASSWORD}")
    endif ()
    if (NOT DEFINED JFROG_PASSWORD)
        message(FATAL_ERROR "JFROG_PASSWORD is not set")
    endif ()

    set(THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE "${THIRDPARTY_DIR}/cache")
    if (NOT EXISTS ${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE})
        message(STATUS "Will create cached directory: ${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}")
        file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE})
    endif ()
endif ()

macro(resolve_dependency DEPENDENCY_NAME)
    if (${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "AUTO")
        find_package(${DEPENDENCY_NAME} MODULE)
        if (NOT ${${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_FOUND})
            build_dependency(${DEPENDENCY_NAME})
        endif ()
    elseif (${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "BUNDLED")
        build_dependency(${DEPENDENCY_NAME})
    elseif (${DEPENDENCY_NAME}_SOURCE STREQUAL "SYSTEM")
        find_package(${DEPENDENCY_NAME} REQUIRED)
    endif ()
endmacro()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# ExternalProject options

string(TOUPPER ${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE)

set(EP_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE}}")
set(EP_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE}}")

# Set -fPIC on all external projects
set(EP_CXX_FLAGS "${EP_CXX_FLAGS} -fPIC")
set(EP_C_FLAGS "${EP_C_FLAGS} -fPIC")

# CC/CXX environment variables are captured on the first invocation of the
# builder (e.g make or ninja) instead of when CMake is invoked into to build
# directory. This leads to issues if the variables are exported in a subshell
# and the invocation of make/ninja is in distinct subshell without the same
# environment (CC/CXX).
set(EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}
        -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER})

if (CMAKE_AR)
    set(EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN ${EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN} -DCMAKE_AR=${CMAKE_AR})
endif ()

if (CMAKE_RANLIB)
    set(EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN ${EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN} -DCMAKE_RANLIB=${CMAKE_RANLIB})
endif ()

# External projects are still able to override the following declarations.
# cmake command line will favor the last defined variable when a duplicate is
# encountered. This requires that `EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS` is always the first
# argument.
set(EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS
        ${EP_COMMON_TOOLCHAIN}
        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE}
        -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=${EP_C_FLAGS}
        -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS_${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE}=${EP_C_FLAGS}
        -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${EP_CXX_FLAGS}
        -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_${UPPERCASE_BUILD_TYPE}=${EP_CXX_FLAGS})

if (NOT MILVUS_VERBOSE_THIRDPARTY_BUILD)
    set(EP_LOG_OPTIONS LOG_CONFIGURE 1 LOG_BUILD 1 LOG_INSTALL 1 LOG_DOWNLOAD 1)
else ()
    set(EP_LOG_OPTIONS)
endif ()

# Ensure that a default make is set
if ("${MAKE}" STREQUAL "")
    find_program(MAKE make)
endif ()

if (NOT DEFINED MAKE_BUILD_ARGS)
    set(MAKE_BUILD_ARGS "-j8")
endif ()
message(STATUS "Third Party MAKE_BUILD_ARGS = ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Find pthreads

set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
find_package(Threads REQUIRED)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Versions and URLs for toolchain builds, which also can be used to configure
# offline builds

# Read toolchain versions from cpp/thirdparty/versions.txt
file(STRINGS "${THIRDPARTY_DIR}/versions.txt" TOOLCHAIN_VERSIONS_TXT)
foreach (_VERSION_ENTRY ${TOOLCHAIN_VERSIONS_TXT})
    # Exclude comments
    if (NOT _VERSION_ENTRY MATCHES "^[^#][A-Za-z0-9-_]+_VERSION=")
        continue()
    endif ()

    string(REGEX MATCH "^[^=]*" _LIB_NAME ${_VERSION_ENTRY})
    string(REPLACE "${_LIB_NAME}=" "" _LIB_VERSION ${_VERSION_ENTRY})

    # Skip blank or malformed lines
    if (${_LIB_VERSION} STREQUAL "")
        continue()
    endif ()

    # For debugging
    #message(STATUS "${_LIB_NAME}: ${_LIB_VERSION}")

    set(${_LIB_NAME} "${_LIB_VERSION}")
endforeach ()

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_GTEST_URL})
    set(GTEST_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_GTEST_URL}")
else ()
    set(GTEST_SOURCE_URL
            "https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/release-${GTEST_VERSION}.tar.gz"
            "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/googletest/repository/archive/release-${GTEST_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()
set(GTEST_MD5 "2e6fbeb6a91310a16efe181886c59596")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_MYSQLPP_URL})
    set(MYSQLPP_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_MYSQLPP_URL}")
else ()
    set(MYSQLPP_SOURCE_URL "https://tangentsoft.com/mysqlpp/releases/mysql++-${MYSQLPP_VERSION}.tar.gz")
endif ()
set(MYSQLPP_MD5 "cda38b5ecc0117de91f7c42292dd1e79")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_PROMETHEUS_URL})
    set(PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{PROMETHEUS_OPENBLAS_URL}")
else ()
    set(PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL
            https://github.com/jupp0r/prometheus-cpp.git)
endif ()

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_SQLITE_URL})
    set(SQLITE_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_SQLITE_URL}")
else ()
    set(SQLITE_SOURCE_URL
            "https://www.sqlite.org/2019/sqlite-autoconf-${SQLITE_VERSION}.tar.gz")
endif ()
set(SQLITE_MD5 "3c68eb400f8354605736cd55400e1572")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_SQLITE_ORM_URL})
    set(SQLITE_ORM_SOURCE_URLS "$ENV{MILVUS_SQLITE_ORM_URL}")
else ()
    set(SQLITE_ORM_SOURCE_URLS
            "https://github.com/fnc12/sqlite_orm/archive/${SQLITE_ORM_VERSION}.zip"
            "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/sqlite_orm/repository/archive/${SQLITE_ORM_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()
set(SQLITE_ORM_MD5 "ba9a405a8a1421c093aa8ce988ff8598")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_YAMLCPP_URL})
    set(YAMLCPP_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_YAMLCPP_URL}")
else ()
    set(YAMLCPP_SOURCE_URL "https://github.com/jbeder/yaml-cpp/archive/yaml-cpp-${YAMLCPP_VERSION}.tar.gz"
                           "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/yaml-cpp/repository/archive/yaml-cpp-${YAMLCPP_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()
set(YAMLCPP_MD5 "5b943e9af0060d0811148b037449ef82")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_LIBUNWIND_URL})
    set(LIBUNWIND_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_LIBUNWIND_URL}")
else ()
    set(LIBUNWIND_SOURCE_URL
            "https://github.com/libunwind/libunwind/releases/download/v${LIBUNWIND_VERSION}/libunwind-${LIBUNWIND_VERSION}.tar.gz")
endif ()
set(LIBUNWIND_MD5 "a04f69d66d8e16f8bf3ab72a69112cd6")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_GPERFTOOLS_URL})
    set(GPERFTOOLS_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_GPERFTOOLS_URL}")
else ()
    set(GPERFTOOLS_SOURCE_URL
            "https://github.com/gperftools/gperftools/releases/download/gperftools-${GPERFTOOLS_VERSION}/gperftools-${GPERFTOOLS_VERSION}.tar.gz")
endif ()
set(GPERFTOOLS_MD5 "c6a852a817e9160c79bdb2d3101b4601")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_GRPC_URL})
    set(GRPC_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_GRPC_URL}")
else ()
    set(GRPC_SOURCE_URL
            "https://github.com/youny626/grpc-milvus/archive/${GRPC_VERSION}.zip"
            "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/grpc-milvus/repository/archive/${GRPC_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()
set(GRPC_MD5 "0362ba219f59432c530070b5f5c3df73")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_ZLIB_URL})
    set(ZLIB_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_ZLIB_URL}")
else ()
    set(ZLIB_SOURCE_URL "https://github.com/madler/zlib/archive/${ZLIB_VERSION}.tar.gz"
                        "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/zlib/repository/archive/${ZLIB_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()
set(ZLIB_MD5 "0095d2d2d1f3442ce1318336637b695f")

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_OPENTRACING_URL})
    set(OPENTRACING_SOURCE_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_OPENTRACING_URL}")
else ()
    set(OPENTRACING_SOURCE_URL "https://github.com/opentracing/opentracing-cpp/archive/${OPENTRACING_VERSION}.tar.gz"
          "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/opentracing-cpp/repository/archive/${OPENTRACING_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()

if (DEFINED ENV{MILVUS_FIU_URL})
    set(MILVUS_FIU_URL "$ENV{MILVUS_FIU_URL}")
else ()
    set(FIU_SOURCE_URL "https://github.com/albertito/libfiu/archive/${FIU_VERSION}.tar.gz"
                       "https://gitee.com/quicksilver/libfiu/repository/archive/${FIU_VERSION}.zip")
endif ()


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Google gtest

macro(build_gtest)
    message(STATUS "Building gtest-${GTEST_VERSION} from source")
    set(GTEST_VENDORED TRUE)
    set(GTEST_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${EP_CXX_FLAGS}")

    if (APPLE)
        set(GTEST_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS
                ${GTEST_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}
                -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1
                -Wno-unused-value
                -Wno-ignored-attributes)
    endif ()

    set(GTEST_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest_ep-prefix/src/googletest_ep")
    set(GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR "${GTEST_PREFIX}/include")
    set(GTEST_STATIC_LIB
            "${GTEST_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GTEST_MAIN_STATIC_LIB
            "${GTEST_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gtest_main${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")

    set(GTEST_CMAKE_ARGS
            ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
            "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${GTEST_PREFIX}"
            "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR=lib"
            -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${GTEST_CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}
            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release)

    set(GMOCK_INCLUDE_DIR "${GTEST_PREFIX}/include")
    set(GMOCK_STATIC_LIB
            "${GTEST_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}gmock${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
            )

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "googletest_${GTEST_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(GTEST_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        file(DOWNLOAD ${GTEST_CACHE_URL} ${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
        list(GET status 0 status_code)
        message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${GTEST_CACHE_URL} TO ${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
        if (NOT status_code EQUAL 0)
            ExternalProject_Add(googletest_ep
                    URL
                    ${GTEST_SOURCE_URL}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE}
                    ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    ${GTEST_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GTEST_MAIN_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GMOCK_STATIC_LIB}
                    CMAKE_ARGS
                    ${GTEST_CMAKE_ARGS}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(googletest_ep ${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${GTEST_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            ExternalProject_Use_Cache(googletest_ep ${GTEST_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
        endif ()
    else ()
        ExternalProject_Add(googletest_ep
                URL
                ${GTEST_SOURCE_URL}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                ${GTEST_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GTEST_MAIN_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GMOCK_STATIC_LIB}
                CMAKE_ARGS
                ${GTEST_CMAKE_ARGS}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS})
    endif ()

    # The include directory must exist before it is referenced by a target.
    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(gtest STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(gtest
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(gtest_main STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(gtest_main
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GTEST_MAIN_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(gmock STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(gmock
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GMOCK_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(gtest googletest_ep)
    add_dependencies(gtest_main googletest_ep)
    add_dependencies(gmock googletest_ep)

endmacro()

if (MILVUS_BUILD_TESTS)
    resolve_dependency(GTest)

    if (NOT GTEST_VENDORED)
    endif ()

    get_target_property(GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR gtest INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    link_directories(SYSTEM "${GTEST_PREFIX}/lib")
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${GTEST_INCLUDE_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# MySQL++

macro(build_mysqlpp)
    message(STATUS "Building MySQL++-${MYSQLPP_VERSION} from source")
    set(MYSQLPP_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mysqlpp_ep-prefix/src/mysqlpp_ep")
    set(MYSQLPP_INCLUDE_DIR "${MYSQLPP_PREFIX}/include")
    set(MYSQLPP_SHARED_LIB
            "${MYSQLPP_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_PREFIX}mysqlpp${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")

    set(MYSQLPP_CONFIGURE_ARGS
            "--prefix=${MYSQLPP_PREFIX}"
            "--enable-thread-check"
            "CFLAGS=${EP_C_FLAGS}"
            "CXXFLAGS=${EP_CXX_FLAGS}"
            "LDFLAGS=-pthread")

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "mysqlpp_${MYSQLPP_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(mysqlpp_ep
                    URL
                    ${MYSQLPP_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                    "./configure"
                    ${MYSQLPP_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                    1
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    ${MYSQLPP_SHARED_LIB})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(mysqlpp_ep ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/mysqlpp_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL} ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_URL} TO ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(mysqlpp_ep ${MYSQLPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(mysqlpp_ep
                URL
                ${MYSQLPP_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                "./configure"
                ${MYSQLPP_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                ${MYSQLPP_SHARED_LIB})
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${MYSQLPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    add_library(mysqlpp SHARED IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(
            mysqlpp
            PROPERTIES
            IMPORTED_LOCATION "${MYSQLPP_SHARED_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${MYSQLPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(mysqlpp mysqlpp_ep)

endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_MYSQLPP)

    resolve_dependency(MySQLPP)
    get_target_property(MYSQLPP_INCLUDE_DIR mysqlpp INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM "${MYSQLPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${MYSQLPP_PREFIX}/lib)
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Prometheus

macro(build_prometheus)
    message(STATUS "Building Prometheus-${PROMETHEUS_VERSION} from source")
    set(PROMETHEUS_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/prometheus_ep-prefix/src/prometheus_ep")
    set(PROMETHEUS_STATIC_LIB_NAME prometheus-cpp)
    set(PROMETHEUS_CORE_STATIC_LIB
            "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/core/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}${PROMETHEUS_STATIC_LIB_NAME}-core${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
            )
    set(PROMETHEUS_PUSH_STATIC_LIB
            "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/push/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}${PROMETHEUS_STATIC_LIB_NAME}-push${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
            )
    set(PROMETHEUS_PULL_STATIC_LIB
            "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/pull/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}${PROMETHEUS_STATIC_LIB_NAME}-pull${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
            )

    set(PROMETHEUS_CMAKE_ARGS
            ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
            -DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR=lib
            -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF
            "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}"
            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release)

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        execute_process(COMMAND sh -c "git ls-remote --heads --tags ${PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL} ${PROMETHEUS_VERSION} | cut -f 1" OUTPUT_VARIABLE PROMETHEUS_LAST_COMMIT_ID)
        if (${PROMETHEUS_LAST_COMMIT_ID} MATCHES "^[^#][a-z0-9]+")
            string(MD5 PROMETHEUS_COMBINE_MD5 "${PROMETHEUS_LAST_COMMIT_ID}")
            set(PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "prometheus_${PROMETHEUS_COMBINE_MD5}.tar.gz")
            set(PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
            set(PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

            execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
            message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
            if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
                externalproject_add(prometheus_ep
                        GIT_REPOSITORY
                        ${PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL}
                        GIT_TAG
                        ${PROMETHEUS_VERSION}
                        GIT_SHALLOW
                        TRUE
                        ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                        CMAKE_ARGS
                        ${PROMETHEUS_CMAKE_ARGS}
                        BUILD_COMMAND
                        ${MAKE}
                        ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                        BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                        1
                        INSTALL_COMMAND
                        ${MAKE}
                        "DESTDIR=${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}"
                        install
                        BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                        "${PROMETHEUS_CORE_STATIC_LIB}"
                        "${PROMETHEUS_PUSH_STATIC_LIB}"
                        "${PROMETHEUS_PULL_STATIC_LIB}")

                ExternalProject_Create_Cache(prometheus_ep ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/prometheus_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL})
            else ()
                file(DOWNLOAD ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL} ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
                list(GET status 0 status_code)
                message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_URL} TO ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
                if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                    ExternalProject_Use_Cache(prometheus_ep ${PROMETHEUS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
                endif ()
            endif ()
        else ()
            message(FATAL_ERROR "The last commit ID of \"${PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL}\" repository don't match!")
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(prometheus_ep
                GIT_REPOSITORY
                ${PROMETHEUS_SOURCE_URL}
                GIT_TAG
                ${PROMETHEUS_VERSION}
                GIT_SHALLOW
                TRUE
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CMAKE_ARGS
                ${PROMETHEUS_CMAKE_ARGS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                INSTALL_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                "DESTDIR=${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}"
                install
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                "${PROMETHEUS_CORE_STATIC_LIB}"
                "${PROMETHEUS_PUSH_STATIC_LIB}"
                "${PROMETHEUS_PULL_STATIC_LIB}")
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/push/include")
    add_library(prometheus-cpp-push STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(prometheus-cpp-push
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${PROMETHEUS_PUSH_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/push/include")
    add_dependencies(prometheus-cpp-push prometheus_ep)

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/pull/include")
    add_library(prometheus-cpp-pull STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(prometheus-cpp-pull
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${PROMETHEUS_PULL_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/pull/include")
    add_dependencies(prometheus-cpp-pull prometheus_ep)

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/core/include")
    add_library(prometheus-cpp-core STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(prometheus-cpp-core
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${PROMETHEUS_CORE_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/core/include")
    add_dependencies(prometheus-cpp-core prometheus_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_PROMETHEUS)

    resolve_dependency(Prometheus)

    link_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/push/)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/push/include)

    link_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/pull/)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/pull/include)

    link_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/core/)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${PROMETHEUS_PREFIX}/core/include)

endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# SQLite

macro(build_sqlite)
    message(STATUS "Building SQLITE-${SQLITE_VERSION} from source")
    set(SQLITE_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/sqlite_ep-prefix/src/sqlite_ep")
    set(SQLITE_INCLUDE_DIR "${SQLITE_PREFIX}/include")
    set(SQLITE_STATIC_LIB
            "${SQLITE_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}sqlite3${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")

    set(SQLITE_CONFIGURE_ARGS
            "--prefix=${SQLITE_PREFIX}"
            "CC=${CMAKE_C_COMPILER}"
            "CXX=${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER}"
            "CFLAGS=${EP_C_FLAGS}"
            "CXXFLAGS=${EP_CXX_FLAGS}")

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "sqlite_${SQLITE_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(SQLITE_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${SQLITE_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${SQLITE_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(sqlite_ep
                    URL
                    ${SQLITE_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                    "./configure"
                    ${SQLITE_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE}
                    ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                    1
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    "${SQLITE_STATIC_LIB}")

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(sqlite_ep ${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/sqlite_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${SQLITE_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${SQLITE_CACHE_URL} ${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${SQLITE_CACHE_URL} TO ${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(sqlite_ep ${SQLITE_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(sqlite_ep
                URL
                ${SQLITE_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                "./configure"
                ${SQLITE_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                "${SQLITE_STATIC_LIB}")
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${SQLITE_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    add_library(sqlite STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(
            sqlite
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${SQLITE_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${SQLITE_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(sqlite sqlite_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_SQLITE)
    resolve_dependency(SQLite)
    include_directories(SYSTEM "${SQLITE_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${SQLITE_PREFIX}/lib/)
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# SQLite_ORM

macro(build_sqlite_orm)
    message(STATUS "Building SQLITE_ORM-${SQLITE_ORM_VERSION} from source")

    set(SQLITE_ORM_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/sqlite_orm_ep-prefix")
    set(SQLITE_ORM_TAR_NAME "${SQLITE_ORM_PREFIX}/sqlite_orm-${SQLITE_ORM_VERSION}.tar.gz")
    set(SQLITE_ORM_INCLUDE_DIR "${SQLITE_ORM_PREFIX}/sqlite_orm-${SQLITE_ORM_VERSION}/include/sqlite_orm")

    if (NOT EXISTS ${SQLITE_ORM_INCLUDE_DIR})
        file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${SQLITE_ORM_PREFIX})

        set(IS_EXIST_FILE FALSE)
        foreach(url ${SQLITE_ORM_SOURCE_URLS})
            file(DOWNLOAD ${url}
                    ${SQLITE_ORM_TAR_NAME}
                    TIMEOUT 60
                    STATUS status
                    LOG log)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            list(GET status 1 status_string)

            if(status_code EQUAL 0)
                message(STATUS "Downloading ... done")
                set(IS_EXIST_FILE TRUE)
                break()
            else()
                string(APPEND logFailedURLs "error: downloading '${url}' failed
                   status_code: ${status_code}
                   status_string: ${status_string}
                   log:
                   --- LOG BEGIN ---
                   ${log}
                   --- LOG END ---
                   "
                  )
            endif()
        endforeach()

        if(IS_EXIST_FILE STREQUAL "FALSE")
            message(FATAL_ERROR "Each download failed!
              ${logFailedURLs}
              "
            )
        endif()
        execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E tar -xf ${SQLITE_ORM_TAR_NAME}
                WORKING_DIRECTORY ${SQLITE_ORM_PREFIX})

    endif ()

endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_SQLITE_ORM)
    resolve_dependency(SQLite_ORM)
    include_directories(SYSTEM "${SQLITE_ORM_INCLUDE_DIR}")
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# yaml-cpp

macro(build_yamlcpp)
    message(STATUS "Building yaml-cpp-${YAMLCPP_VERSION} from source")
    set(YAMLCPP_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/yaml-cpp_ep-prefix/src/yaml-cpp_ep")
    set(YAMLCPP_STATIC_LIB "${YAMLCPP_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}yaml-cpp${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(YAMLCPP_INCLUDE_DIR "${YAMLCPP_PREFIX}/include")
    set(YAMLCPP_CMAKE_ARGS
            ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
            "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${YAMLCPP_PREFIX}"
            -DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR=lib
            -DYAML_CPP_BUILD_TESTS=OFF
            -DYAML_CPP_BUILD_TOOLS=OFF)

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "yaml-cpp_${YAMLCPP_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(yaml-cpp_ep
                    URL
                    ${YAMLCPP_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE}
                    ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    "${YAMLCPP_STATIC_LIB}"
                    CMAKE_ARGS
                    ${YAMLCPP_CMAKE_ARGS})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(yaml-cpp_ep ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/yaml-cpp_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL} ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_URL} TO ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(yaml-cpp_ep ${YAMLCPP_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(yaml-cpp_ep
                URL
                ${YAMLCPP_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                "${YAMLCPP_STATIC_LIB}"
                CMAKE_ARGS
                ${YAMLCPP_CMAKE_ARGS})
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${YAMLCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    add_library(yaml-cpp STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(yaml-cpp
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${YAMLCPP_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${YAMLCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(yaml-cpp yaml-cpp_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_YAMLCPP)
    resolve_dependency(yaml-cpp)

    get_target_property(YAMLCPP_INCLUDE_DIR yaml-cpp INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${YAMLCPP_PREFIX}/lib/)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${YAMLCPP_INCLUDE_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# libunwind

macro(build_libunwind)
    message(STATUS "Building libunwind-${LIBUNWIND_VERSION} from source")
    set(LIBUNWIND_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libunwind_ep-prefix/src/libunwind_ep/install")
    set(LIBUNWIND_INCLUDE_DIR "${LIBUNWIND_PREFIX}/include")
    set(LIBUNWIND_SHARED_LIB "${LIBUNWIND_PREFIX}/lib/libunwind${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(LIBUNWIND_CONFIGURE_ARGS "--prefix=${LIBUNWIND_PREFIX}")

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "libunwind_${LIBUNWIND_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(libunwind_ep
                    URL
                    ${LIBUNWIND_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                    "./configure"
                    ${LIBUNWIND_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                    1
                    INSTALL_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} install
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    ${LIBUNWIND_SHARED_LIB})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(libunwind_ep ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libunwind_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL} ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_URL} TO ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(libunwind_ep ${LIBUNWIND_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(libunwind_ep
                URL
                ${LIBUNWIND_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                "./configure"
                ${LIBUNWIND_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                INSTALL_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} install
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                ${LIBUNWIND_SHARED_LIB})
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${LIBUNWIND_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(libunwind SHARED IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(libunwind
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${LIBUNWIND_SHARED_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${LIBUNWIND_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(libunwind libunwind_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_LIBUNWIND)
    resolve_dependency(libunwind)

    get_target_property(LIBUNWIND_INCLUDE_DIR libunwind INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${LIBUNWIND_INCLUDE_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# gperftools

macro(build_gperftools)
    message(STATUS "Building gperftools-${GPERFTOOLS_VERSION} from source")
    set(GPERFTOOLS_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gperftools_ep-prefix/src/gperftools_ep")
    set(GPERFTOOLS_INCLUDE_DIR "${GPERFTOOLS_PREFIX}/include")
    set(GPERFTOOLS_STATIC_LIB "${GPERFTOOLS_PREFIX}/lib/libprofiler${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GPERFTOOLS_CONFIGURE_ARGS "--prefix=${GPERFTOOLS_PREFIX}")

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "gperftools_${GPERFTOOLS_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(gperftools_ep
                    URL
                    ${GPERFTOOLS_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                    "./configure"
                    ${GPERFTOOLS_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                    1
                    INSTALL_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} install
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    ${GPERFTOOLS_STATIC_LIB})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(gperftools_ep ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gperftools_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL} ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_URL} TO ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(gperftools_ep ${GPERFTOOLS_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(gperftools_ep
                URL
                ${GPERFTOOLS_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                "./configure"
                ${GPERFTOOLS_CONFIGURE_ARGS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                INSTALL_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} install
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                ${GPERFTOOLS_STATIC_LIB})
    endif ()

    ExternalProject_Add_StepDependencies(gperftools_ep build libunwind_ep)

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${GPERFTOOLS_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(gperftools STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(gperftools
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GPERFTOOLS_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GPERFTOOLS_INCLUDE_DIR}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES libunwind)

    add_dependencies(gperftools gperftools_ep)
    add_dependencies(gperftools libunwind_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_GPERFTOOLS)
    resolve_dependency(gperftools)

    get_target_property(GPERFTOOLS_INCLUDE_DIR gperftools INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${GPERFTOOLS_INCLUDE_DIR})
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${GPERFTOOLS_PREFIX}/lib)
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# GRPC

macro(build_grpc)
    message(STATUS "Building GRPC-${GRPC_VERSION} from source")
    set(GRPC_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/grpc_ep-prefix/src/grpc_ep/install")
    set(GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR "${GRPC_PREFIX}/include")
    set(GRPC_STATIC_LIB "${GRPC_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}grpc${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GRPC++_STATIC_LIB "${GRPC_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}grpc++${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GRPCPP_CHANNELZ_STATIC_LIB "${GRPC_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}grpcpp_channelz${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GRPC_PROTOBUF_LIB_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/grpc_ep-prefix/src/grpc_ep/libs/opt/protobuf")
    set(GRPC_PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB "${GRPC_PROTOBUF_LIB_DIR}/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}protobuf${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(GRPC_PROTOC_STATIC_LIB "${GRPC_PROTOBUF_LIB_DIR}/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}protoc${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "grpc_${GRPC_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(GRPC_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${GRPC_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${GRPC_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(grpc_ep
                    URL
                    ${GRPC_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                    ""
                    BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                    1
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS} prefix=${GRPC_PREFIX}
                    INSTALL_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE} install prefix=${GRPC_PREFIX}
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    ${GRPC_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GRPC++_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GRPCPP_CHANNELZ_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GRPC_PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB}
                    ${GRPC_PROTOC_STATIC_LIB})

            ExternalProject_Add_StepDependencies(grpc_ep build zlib_ep)

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(grpc_ep ${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/grpc_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${GRPC_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${GRPC_CACHE_URL} ${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${GRPC_CACHE_URL} TO ${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(grpc_ep ${GRPC_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(grpc_ep
                URL
                ${GRPC_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                CONFIGURE_COMMAND
                ""
                BUILD_IN_SOURCE
                1
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS} prefix=${GRPC_PREFIX}
                INSTALL_COMMAND
                ${MAKE} install prefix=${GRPC_PREFIX}
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                ${GRPC_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GRPC++_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GRPCPP_CHANNELZ_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GRPC_PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB}
                ${GRPC_PROTOC_STATIC_LIB})

        ExternalProject_Add_StepDependencies(grpc_ep build zlib_ep)

    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(grpc STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(grpc
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GRPC_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "zlib")

    add_library(grpc++ STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(grpc++
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GRPC++_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "zlib")

    add_library(grpcpp_channelz STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(grpcpp_channelz
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GRPCPP_CHANNELZ_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "zlib")

    add_library(grpc_protobuf STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(grpc_protobuf
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GRPC_PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "zlib")

    add_library(grpc_protoc STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(grpc_protoc
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${GRPC_PROTOC_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES "zlib")

    add_dependencies(grpc grpc_ep)
    add_dependencies(grpc++ grpc_ep)
    add_dependencies(grpcpp_channelz grpc_ep)
    add_dependencies(grpc_protobuf grpc_ep)
    add_dependencies(grpc_protoc grpc_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_GRPC)
    resolve_dependency(GRPC)

    get_target_property(GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR grpc INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${GRPC_INCLUDE_DIR})
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${GRPC_PREFIX}/lib)

    set(GRPC_THIRD_PARTY_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/grpc_ep-prefix/src/grpc_ep/third_party)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${GRPC_THIRD_PARTY_DIR}/protobuf/src)
    link_directories(SYSTEM ${GRPC_PROTOBUF_LIB_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# zlib

macro(build_zlib)
    message(STATUS "Building ZLIB-${ZLIB_VERSION} from source")
    set(ZLIB_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/zlib_ep-prefix/src/zlib_ep")
    set(ZLIB_STATIC_LIB_NAME libz.a)
    set(ZLIB_STATIC_LIB "${ZLIB_PREFIX}/lib/${ZLIB_STATIC_LIB_NAME}")
    set(ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR "${ZLIB_PREFIX}/include")
    set(ZLIB_CMAKE_ARGS ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS} "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${ZLIB_PREFIX}"
            -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF)

    if (USE_JFROG_CACHE STREQUAL "ON")
        set(ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME "zlib_${ZLIB_MD5}.tar.gz")
        set(ZLIB_CACHE_URL "${JFROG_ARTFACTORY_CACHE_URL}/${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")
        set(ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH "${THIRDPARTY_PACKAGE_CACHE}/${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_NAME}")

        execute_process(COMMAND wget -q --method HEAD ${ZLIB_CACHE_URL} RESULT_VARIABLE return_code)
        message(STATUS "Check the remote file ${ZLIB_CACHE_URL}. return code = ${return_code}")
        if (NOT return_code EQUAL 0)
            externalproject_add(zlib_ep
                    URL
                    ${ZLIB_SOURCE_URL}
                    ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                    BUILD_COMMAND
                    ${MAKE}
                    ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                    "${ZLIB_STATIC_LIB}"
                    CMAKE_ARGS
                    ${ZLIB_CMAKE_ARGS})

            ExternalProject_Create_Cache(zlib_ep ${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/zlib_ep-prefix" ${JFROG_USER_NAME} ${JFROG_PASSWORD} ${ZLIB_CACHE_URL})
        else ()
            file(DOWNLOAD ${ZLIB_CACHE_URL} ${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} STATUS status)
            list(GET status 0 status_code)
            message(STATUS "DOWNLOADING FROM ${ZLIB_CACHE_URL} TO ${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH}. STATUS = ${status_code}")
            if (status_code EQUAL 0)
                ExternalProject_Use_Cache(zlib_ep ${ZLIB_CACHE_PACKAGE_PATH} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
            endif ()
        endif ()
    else ()
        externalproject_add(zlib_ep
                URL
                ${ZLIB_SOURCE_URL}
                ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
                BUILD_COMMAND
                ${MAKE}
                ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
                BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
                "${ZLIB_STATIC_LIB}"
                CMAKE_ARGS
                ${ZLIB_CMAKE_ARGS})
    endif ()

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    add_library(zlib STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(zlib
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${ZLIB_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(zlib zlib_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_ZLIB)
    resolve_dependency(ZLIB)

    get_target_property(ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR zlib INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# opentracing

macro(build_opentracing)
    message(STATUS "Building OPENTRACING-${OPENTRACING_VERSION} from source")
    set(OPENTRACING_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/opentracing_ep-prefix/src/opentracing_ep")
    set(OPENTRACING_STATIC_LIB "${OPENTRACING_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}opentracing${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(OPENTRACING_MOCK_TRACER_STATIC_LIB "${OPENTRACING_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}opentracing_mocktracer${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR "${OPENTRACING_PREFIX}/include")
    set(OPENTRACING_CMAKE_ARGS
            ${EP_COMMON_CMAKE_ARGS}
            "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${OPENTRACING_PREFIX}"
            -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF)

    externalproject_add(opentracing_ep
            URL
            ${OPENTRACING_SOURCE_URL}
            ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
            CMAKE_ARGS
            ${OPENTRACING_CMAKE_ARGS}
            BUILD_COMMAND
            ${MAKE}
            ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
            BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
            ${OPENTRACING_STATIC_LIB}
            ${OPENTRACING_MOCK_TRACER_STATIC_LIB}
            )

    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR}")
    add_library(opentracing STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(opentracing
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${OPENTRACING_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_library(opentracing_mocktracer STATIC IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(opentracing_mocktracer
            PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${OPENTRACING_MOCK_TRACER_STATIC_LIB}"
            INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(opentracing opentracing_ep)
    add_dependencies(opentracing_mocktracer opentracing_ep)
endmacro()

if (MILVUS_WITH_OPENTRACING)
    resolve_dependency(Opentracing)

    get_target_property(OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR opentracing INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
    include_directories(SYSTEM ${OPENTRACING_INCLUDE_DIR})
endif ()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# fiu

macro(build_fiu)
    message(STATUS "Building FIU-${FIU_VERSION} from source")
    set(FIU_PREFIX "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/fiu_ep-prefix/src/fiu_ep")
    set(FIU_SHARED_LIB "${FIU_PREFIX}/lib/${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_PREFIX}fiu${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}")
    set(FIU_INCLUDE_DIR "${FIU_PREFIX}/include")

    externalproject_add(fiu_ep
            URL
            ${FIU_SOURCE_URL}
            ${EP_LOG_OPTIONS}
            CONFIGURE_COMMAND
            ""
            BUILD_IN_SOURCE
            1
            BUILD_COMMAND
            ${MAKE}
            ${MAKE_BUILD_ARGS}
            INSTALL_COMMAND
            ${MAKE}
            "PREFIX=${FIU_PREFIX}"
            install
            BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
            ${FIU_SHARED_LIB}
            )

        file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${FIU_INCLUDE_DIR}")
        add_library(fiu SHARED IMPORTED)
    set_target_properties(fiu
        PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${FIU_SHARED_LIB}"
        INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "${FIU_INCLUDE_DIR}")

    add_dependencies(fiu fiu_ep)
endmacro()

resolve_dependency(fiu)

get_target_property(FIU_INCLUDE_DIR fiu INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
include_directories(SYSTEM ${FIU_INCLUDE_DIR})