Sorting the output helps when we want to turn a non-deterministic into a
deterministic command, in that case this is not possible.

All the internal state of cluster involving time is now using mstime_t
and mstime() in order to use milliseconds resolution.

Also the clusterCron() function is called with a 10 hz frequency instead
of 1 hz.

The cluster node_timeout must be also configured in milliseconds by the
user in redis.conf.

Example:

db0:keys=221913,expires=221913,avg_ttl=655

The algorithm uses a running average with only two samples (current and
previous). Keys found to be expired are considered at TTL zero even if
the actual TTL can be negative.

The TTL is reported in milliseconds.

We don't want to repeat a fast cycle too soon, the previous code was
broken, we need to wait two times the period *since* the start of the
previous cycle in order to avoid there is an even space between cycles:

.-> start                   .-> second start
|                           |
+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| first cycle |    pause    | second cycle |
+-------------+-------------+--------------+

The second and first start must be PERIOD*2 useconds apart hence the *2
in the new code.

This commit makes the fast collection cycle time configurable, at
the same time it does not allow to run a new fast collection cycle
for the same amount of time as the max duration of the fast
collection cycle.

The main idea here is that when we are no longer to expire keys at the
rate the are created, we can't block more in the normal expire cycle as
this would result in too big latency spikes.

For this reason the commit introduces a "fast" expire cycle that does
not run for more than 1 millisecond but is called in the beforeSleep()
hook of the event loop, so much more often, and with a frequency bound
to the frequency of executed commnads.

The fast expire cycle is only called when the standard expiration
algorithm runs out of time, that is, consumed more than
REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_TIME_PERC of CPU in a given cycle without being able
to take the number of already expired keys that are yet not collected
to a number smaller than 25% of the number of keys.

You can test this commit with different loads, but a simple way is to
use the following:

Extreme load with pipelining:

redis-benchmark -r 100000000 -n 100000000  \
        -P 32 set ele:rand:000000000000 foo ex 2

Remove the -P32 in order to avoid the pipelining for a more real-world
load.

In another terminal tab you can monitor the Redis behavior with:

redis-cli -i 0.1 -r -1 info keyspace

and

redis-cli --latency-history

Note: this commit will make Redis printing a lot of debug messages, it
is not a good idea to use it in production.

Previously two string encodings were used for string objects:

1) REDIS_ENCODING_RAW: a string object with obj->ptr pointing to an sds
stirng.

2) REDIS_ENCODING_INT: a string object where the obj->ptr void pointer
is casted to a long.

This commit introduces a experimental new encoding called
REDIS_ENCODING_EMBSTR that implements an object represented by an sds
string that is not modifiable but allocated in the same memory chunk as
the robj structure itself.

The chunk looks like the following:

+--------------+-----------+------------+--------+----+
| robj data... | robj->ptr | sds header | string | \0 |
+--------------+-----+-----+------------+--------+----+
                     |                       ^
                     +-----------------------+

The robj->ptr points to the contiguous sds string data, so the object
can be manipulated with the same functions used to manipulate plan
string objects, however we need just on malloc and one free in order to
allocate or release this kind of objects. Moreover it has better cache
locality.

This new allocation strategy should benefit both the memory usage and
the performances. A performance gain between 60 and 70% was observed
during micro-benchmarks, however there is more work to do to evaluate
the performance impact and the memory usage behavior.

It should be called just one time at startup and not every time the Lua
scripting engine is re-initialized, otherwise memory is leaked.

This commit uses the Replication Script Cache in order to avoid
translating EVALSHA into EVAL whenever possible for both the AOF and
slaves.

This code is only responsible to take an LRU-evicted fixed length cache
of SHA1 that we are sure all the slaves received.

In this commit only the implementation is provided, but the Redis core
does not use it to actually send EVALSHA to slaves when possible.

The old REDIS_CMD_FORCE_REPLICATION flag was removed from the
implementation of Redis, now there is a new API to force specific
executions of a command to be propagated to AOF / Replication link:

    void forceCommandPropagation(int flags);

The new API is also compatible with Lua scripting, so a script that will
execute commands that are forced to be propagated, will also be
propagated itself accordingly even if no change to data is operated.

As a side effect, this new design fixes the issue with scripts not able
to propagate PUBLISH to slaves (issue #873).

Currently it implements three subcommands:

PUBSUB CHANNELS [<pattern>]    List channels with non-zero subscribers.
PUBSUB NUMSUB [channel_1 ...]  List number of subscribers for channels.
PUBSUB NUMPAT                  Return number of subscribed patterns.

When min-slaves-to-write feature is active, this field reports the
number of slaves considered good (online state, lag within the specified
range).