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2001 年 MySQL 发布 3.23 版本,自此便开始获得广泛应用,随着不断地升级迭代,至今 MySQL 已经走过了 20 个年头。
为了充分发挥 MySQL 的性能并顺利地使用,就必须正确理解其设计思想,因此,了解 MySQL 的逻辑架构是必要的。本文将通过一条 SQL 查询语句的具体执行过程来详细介绍 MySQL 架构中的各个组件。
## MySQL 逻辑架构概览
MySQL 最重要、最与众不同的特性就是它的**可插拔存储引擎架构**(pluggable storage engine architecture),这种架构的设计将查询处理及其他系统任务和数据的存储/提取分离开来。来看官网的解释:
> The MySQL **pluggable storage engine architecture** enables a database professional to select a specialized storage engine for a particular application need while being completely shielded from the need to manage any specific application coding requirements.
> The query cache stores the text of a SELECT statement together with the corresponding result that was sent to the client. If an identical statement is received later, the server retrieves the results from the query cache rather than parsing and executing the statement again. The query cache is shared among sessions, so a result set generated by one client can be sent in response to the same query issued by another client.