The **(11)** does not affect the storage size of the data type, which for an
INT will always be 4 bytes. It affects the **display width**.

http://www.tocker.ca/2015/07/02/proposal-to-deprecate-mysql-integer-display-width-and-zerofill.html

[ci skip] Remove `DEFAULT NULL` from examples

Use rack.session_options instead of directly change env

Doc SchemaMigration class.

this commit removes some direct access to `env`.

This commit is to abstract the code away from the env hash.  It no
longer needs to have the routes key hard coded.

Bundler tzinfo-data in windows, even first generated new app are Mac

Fix undefined method error on exception

Update Validation guide for acceptance method

This will make the Gemfile.lock be dirty in some environments

This changes the renderer class to store the controller and defaults as
an instance variable rather than allocating a new class.  You can create
a new renderer with an new env by calling `Renderer#new` or use new
defaults by calling `Renderer#with_defaults` and saving the return value
somewhere.

Also I want to keep the `env` private since I would like to change the
keys in the future.  This commit only translates particular keys that
the user requested.

this means the reader doesn't need to lock, but does have the added cost
of a new object created for every controller

The controller class is shared among threads, so we need to lock when
allocating the Renderer.

Remove methods that are never invoked

Fix doc of limit option for a text column [ci skip]

Follow up #21591.

The document of limit option for a text column is incorrect.

MySQL: the limit is byte length, not character length
Pg, Sqlite3: variable unlimited length

Fix HSTS default expire in ActionDispatch::SSL docs.

Fixes #21122 - does not change any current behavior; simply reflects
the fact that two conditions of the if/else statement are never reached.

The reason is #17227 which adds a default terminator to AS::Callbacks.

Therefore, even callback chains that do not define a terminator now
have a terminator, and `chain_config.key?(:terminator)` is always true.

Of course, if no terminator was defined, then we want this new default
terminator not to do anything special. What the terminator actually does
(or should do) is discussed in #21218 but the simple fact that a default
terminator exists makes this current PR valid.

*Note* that the conditional/simple methods have not been removed in
AS::Conditionals::Filter::After because of `:skip_after_callbacks_if_terminated`
which lets a user decide **not** to skip after callbacks even if the chain was
terminated.

fix typo intance -> instance in ActionView [ci skip]

`intance` should be `instance`

TEXT and BLOB limit is byte length, not character length.

Updated MySQL documentation link to MySQL latest version 5.7 everywhe…

Improving `in_time_zone` docs [ci skip]

`DateTime.utc` is not a valid method. It gives `NoMethodError: undefined method `utc` for DateTime:Class`. As we know that we can calculate `utc` time from `Time` Class, but we can’t calculate `utc` time from `DateTime` Class.

Ruby 2.2.3 in windows need nokogiri 1.6.7.rc3

dev and edge have some common, so factor it out.

Ruby 2.2.3 in windows need nokogiri 1.6.7.rc3 as it's the only version having correct pre-compiled so

Improve String#strip_heredoc

Saves about 6 MB, about 40% faster.

**strip_heredoc.rb**

```ruby
require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
require "get_process_mem"

class String
  def strip_heredoc
    indent = scan(/^[ \t]*(?=\S)/).min.try(:size) || 0
    gsub(/^[ \t]{#{indent}}/, '')
  end
end

if ENV["MEASURE_MEMORY"] == "yes"
  mem = GetProcessMem.new
  GC.start
  GC.disable
  10000.times do
    <<-MSG.strip_heredoc
      xhr and xml_http_request methods are deprecated in favor of
      `get :index, xhr: true` and `post :create, xhr: true`
    MSG
  end
  before = mem.mb

  after = mem.mb
  GC.enable
  puts "Before: #{before} MiB"
  puts "After: #{after} MiB"
  puts "Diff: #{after - before} MiB"
end
```

**patched_strip_heredoc.rb**

```ruby
require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
require "get_process_mem"

class String
  def patched_strip_heredoc
    gsub(/^#{scan(/^[ \t]*(?=\S)/).min}/, "".freeze)
  end
end

if ENV["MEASURE_MEMORY"] == "yes"
  mem = GetProcessMem.new
  GC.start
  GC.disable
  10000.times do
    <<-MSG.patched_strip_heredoc
      xhr and xml_http_request methods are deprecated in favor of
      `get :index, xhr: true` and `post :create, xhr: true`
    MSG
  end
  before = mem.mb

  after = mem.mb
  GC.enable
  puts "Before: #{before} MiB"
  puts "After: #{after} MiB"
  puts "Diff: #{after - before} MiB"
end
```

**Before**

```
$ MEASURE_MEMORY=yes ruby strip_heredoc.rb
Before: 44.73828125 MiB
After: 44.7734375 MiB
Diff: 0.03515625 MiB
```

**After**

```
$ MEASURE_MEMORY=yes ruby patched_strip_heredoc.rb
Before: 37.9765625 MiB
After: 38.015625 MiB
Diff: 0.0390625 MiB
```

`44.7734375 -  38.015625 = 6.75`

=> **Saves about 6.75 MiB**

**benchmark.rb**

```ruby
require "benchmark/ips"
require_relative "./strip_heredoc"
require_relative "./patched_strip_heredoc"

def original
  <<-MSG.strip_heredoc
    xhr and xml_http_request methods are deprecated in favor of
    `get :index, xhr: true` and `post :create, xhr: true`
  MSG
end

def patched
  <<-MSG.patched_strip_heredoc
    xhr and xml_http_request methods are deprecated in favor of
    `get :index, xhr: true` and `post :create, xhr: true`
  MSG
end

Benchmark.ips do |x|
  x.report("original") { original }
  x.report(" patched") { patched  }
  x.compare!
end
```

```
$ ruby -v benchmark.rb
ruby 2.2.2p95 (2015-04-13 revision 50295) [x86_64-darwin14]
Calculating -------------------------------------
            original     5.652k i/100ms
             patched     6.477k i/100ms
-------------------------------------------------
            original     54.076k (± 5.7%) i/s -    271.296k
             patched     74.557k (± 6.2%) i/s -    375.666k

Comparison:
             patched:    74557.0 i/s
            original:    54076.4 i/s - 1.38x slower
```

=> **About 38% faster**

1. Clone rails project `git clone git@github.com:rails/rails.git`
2. Apply this patch to
`activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/strip.rb`
3. `cd activesupport`
4. run `rake`
5. And tests passed:

```
➜ activesupport $ rake
/Users/Juan/.rubies/ruby-2.2.2/bin/ruby -w -I"lib:test"
"/Users/Juan/.rubies/ruby-2.2.2/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rake/rake_test_loader.rb"
 "test/**/*_test.rb"

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SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS

Finished in 15.343004s, 214.2344 runs/s, 24902.4898 assertions/s.

3287 runs, 382079 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 48 skips

You have skipped tests. Run with --verbose for details.
```

Remove RHTML reference in Action Controller docs