Fix problem with accessing deprecated constant proxy's subclass

Remove dead code in duplicable.rb

This version makes eager loading and autoloading consistent,
as documented in the upgrading guide.

Delete method definition in rails that is compatible with ruby defini…

Add missing file to require digest/uuid on active_support core ext

Don't call listen with empty directory list

Fix EventedFileUpdateChecker through a symlink 

Fail parallel tests if workers exit early

Change comments

[ci skip]

Backport 378dd7a4.

https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/65bdd6ad085a02b976cd36f135c2a5ffb522e5a0/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md

Revert changes to monotonic times

* Add test asserting truncate returns unfrozen string

* Ensure strings returned from truncate are not frozen

This fixes an issue where strings too short to be truncated were
returned unfrozen, where as long-enough strings were returned
frozen. Now retuned strings will not be frozen whether or not
the string returned was shortened.

* Update changelog w/ new truncate behavior description

[Jordan Thomas + Rafael Mendonça França]

This commit more or less undoes 9b5401fc, restores autoloaded? not to
touch the descendants tracker, and autoloaded_constants because it is
documented in the guide.

In #33325, `deprecate_methods` is replaced from `prepend` to completely
emurated `alias_method_chain`, it exposed two internal methods
`xxx_with_deprecation` and `xxx_without_deprecation`.

After that, #34648 restored the `prepend` implementation, which doesn't
expose any internal methods, so we no longer be able to ensure to always
expose that internal methods.

As I said at https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/33325#issuecomment-409016725,
I think that internal methods exposed is not a specification but a
limitation when using `alias_method_chain`, there is no longer a reason
to follow that limitation.

Actionable errors let's you dispatch actions from Rails' error pages. This
can help you save time if you have a clear action for the resolution of
common development errors.

The de-facto example are pending migrations. Every time pending migrations
are found, a middleware raises an error. With actionable errors, you can
run the migrations right from the error page. Other examples include Rails
plugins that need to run a rake task to setup themselves. They can now
raise actionable errors to run the setup straight from the error pages.

Here is how to define an actionable error:

```ruby
class PendingMigrationError < MigrationError #:nodoc:
  include ActiveSupport::ActionableError

  action "Run pending migrations" do
    ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.migrate
  end
end
```

To make an error actionable, include the `ActiveSupport::ActionableError`
module and invoke the `action` class macro to define the action. An action
needs a name and a procedure to execute. The name is shown as the name of a
button on the error pages. Once clicked, it will invoke the given
procedure.

There are four ways to pass the redis option, but only three were
documented. This is now consistent with implementation.

[ci skip]

Resolves https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/35835

If an exception occurs during `parallelize_setup` make sure to catch that exception and apply it to the result of each successive test run.  This results in marking all of the tests as failed to bring attention to the issue & ensure it is addressed before proceeding.

- Unused since https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/a91ea1d51048342d13f

This way, we only need to filter the backtrace up to the first non-noise
stack frame.

This also updates noise to be able to deal with being passed a lazy
enum. We don't need this anywhere, but it seemed better for this to be
consistent.

Remove @duration instance variable since we're not maintaining instances variables such as @cpu_time, @idle_time and @allocations; this reduces one allocation

Use monotonic time to record `started` and `finished` time values for an event subscribed by a `ActiveSupport::Notifications::Fanout::Subscribers::Timed` subscriber

Fix: #cpu_time doesn't work for a `ActiveSupport::Notifications::Fanout::Subscribers::Timed` subscriber

When trying to call mget in Redis without any
parameters, a Redis error is thrown. To avoid
this, we circumvent Redis entirely when there
are no key names given.

It is newly added at 7b6b1054.

```
% be rubocop -a
Inspecting 2781 files
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................C.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Offenses:

activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:12:1: C: [Corrected] Layout/EmptyLinesAroundBlockBody: Extra empty line detected at block body beginning.
activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:12:1: C: [Corrected] Layout/TrailingWhitespace: Trailing whitespace detected.
activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:12:13: C: [Corrected] Style/RedundantBegin: Redundant begin block detected.
            begin
            ^^^^^
activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:13:11: C: [Corrected] Layout/IndentationWidth: Use 2 (not 4) spaces for indentation.
              Rails.autoloaders.main.reload
          ^^^^
activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:16:1: C: [Corrected] Layout/EmptyLinesAroundBlockBody: Extra empty line detected at block body end.
activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies/zeitwerk_integration.rb:16:1: C: [Corrected] Layout/TrailingWhitespace: Trailing whitespace detected.

2781 files inspected, 6 offenses detected, 6 offenses corrected
```

The original message from Zeitwerk is "can't reload, please call
loader.enable_reloading before setup (Zeitwerk::Error)", which is not
very informative for Rails programmers.

Rails should err with a message worded in terms of its interface.