When called on a loaded relation, `pick` will now use the existing
results instead of making another query, just like `pluck` does.

This allows `pick` to be called on an object that could either be an
enumerable or a relation.

Also clarify the documentation for `Enumerable#pluck`, and add an
example of plucking multiple keys to the core extensions guide.

If a transaction is wrapped in a Timeout.timeout(duration) block, then the
transaction will be committed when the transaction block is exited from the
timeout, since it uses `throw`. Ruby code doesn't have a way to distinguish
between a block being exited from a `return`, `break` or `throw`, so
fixing this problem for the case of `throw` would require a backwards
incompatible change for block exited with `return` or `break`. As such,
the current behaviour so it can be changed in the future.

In a distributed configuration like rolling update, users may observe
both old and new instances during deployment. Users may be served by a
new instance and then by an old instance.

That means when the server changes `cookies_serializer` from `:marshal`
to `:hybrid` or the server changes `use_authenticated_cookie_encryption`
from `false` to `true`, users may lose their sessions if they access the
server during deployment.

We added fallbacks to downgrade the cookie format when necessary during
deployment, ensuring compatibility on both old and new instances.

Raise error when non-existent enum used in query

This behaviour is in
rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/enum.rb #serialize(value) line no 143
if value is not present in mapping we are sending the value back ,
which in mysql returns unrelated record.

I have changed to return nil is value is not present in mapping

Implemented code review changes

Improved test case coverage

[ci skip] - cosmetic changes for better readibility of change log
Signed-off-by: Nak <atulkanswal@gmail.com>

Tiny doc fix in .validates

This should be a string array literal. Simple as that :)

Update autosave_association.rb

When using ActionController::Live setting content type header after response body resulted in a race condition, throwing either “ActionDispatch::IllegalStateError: header already sent” or “RuntimeError: can't modify frozen Hash”.
This commit restores original order (i.e. from before 75757c5c).

Fix typo

Unlock `azure-storage-blob` version to use version 2.0

`azure-storage-blob` 2.0.0 has been released.
https://rubygems.org/gems/azure-storage-blob/versions/2.0.0

According to this commit and changelog, `azure-storage-blob` 1.1.0 did not support Ruby 2.6 and higher.
As of right now, Rails master branch should support Ruby 2.5.0, 2.6.0 and 2.7.0
then it should be appropriate to unlock `azure-storage-blob` version.

https://github.com/Azure/azure-storage-ruby/commit/252e3f06a5cf2e2583302bfefa95d8b25818a44f

This commit addresses this following error:

```ruby
% cd activestorage
% bundle exec rake test

Traceback (most recent call last):
	14: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `<main>'
	13: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `select'
	12: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:17:in `block in <main>'
	11: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	10: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	 9: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/test/service/azure_storage_service_test.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
	 8: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/test/service/azure_storage_service_test.rb:8:in `<class:AzureStorageServiceTest>'
	 7: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service.rb:51:in `configure'
	 6: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:8:in `build'
	 5: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:17:in `build'
	 4: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:30:in `resolve'
	 3: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	 2: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	 1: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/azure_storage_service.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bundler-2.1.4/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:346:in `block (2 levels) in replace_gem': can't activate azure-storage-blob (~> 1.1), already activated azure-storage-blob-2.0.0. Make sure all dependencies are added to Gemfile. (Gem::LoadError)
	11: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `<main>'
	10: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `select'
	 9: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/rake-13.0.1/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:17:in `block in <main>'
	 8: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	 7: from /Users/yahonda/.rbenv/versions/2.6.5/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/zeitwerk-2.3.0/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
	 6: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/test/service/azure_storage_service_test.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
	 5: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/test/service/azure_storage_service_test.rb:8:in `<class:AzureStorageServiceTest>'
	 4: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service.rb:51:in `configure'
	 3: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:8:in `build'
	 2: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:17:in `build'
	 1: from /Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:29:in `resolve'
/Users/yahonda/src/github.com/rails/rails/activestorage/lib/active_storage/service/configurator.rb:33:in `rescue in resolve': Missing service adapter for "AzureStorage" (RuntimeError)
rake aborted!
```

* Update Gemfile.lock to bump azure-storage-blob version

```
% bundle update --conservative faraday azure-storage-blob google-cloud-storage`
```

- How to find gem name to update by setting `gem "azure-storage-blob", "= 2.0.0"` temporarily

```ruby
% git diff
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 5fdaceab2f..6be7dccf4b 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ end
 group :storage do
   gem "aws-sdk-s3", require: false
   gem "google-cloud-storage", "~> 1.11", require: false
-  gem "azure-storage-blob", require: false
+  gem "azure-storage-blob", "= 2.0.0", require: false # Use 2.0.0 temporarily to find which gems need bump

   gem "image_processing", "~> 1.2"
 end
% bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.........
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Resolving dependencies.....
Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "faraday":
  In snapshot (Gemfile.lock):
    faraday (= 0.17.1)

  In Gemfile:
    azure-storage-blob (= 2.0.0) was resolved to 2.0.0, which depends on
      azure-storage-common (~> 2.0) was resolved to 2.0.1, which depends on
        faraday (~> 1.0)

    google-cloud-storage (~> 1.11) was resolved to 1.25.0, which depends on
      googleauth (~> 0.9) was resolved to 0.10.0, which depends on
        faraday (~> 0.12)

Running `bundle update` will rebuild your snapshot from scratch, using only
the gems in your Gemfile, which may resolve the conflict.
% git checkout -f Gemfile
% bundle update --conservative faraday azure-storage-blob google-cloud-storage
```

Also change the arguments to be keyword arguments to make easier to
evolve this method if we need to.

Add options examples to find_in_batches method

Update guides/source/active_record_querying.md
Co-Authored-By: NEileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@users.noreply.github.com>

Update guides/source/active_record_querying.md
Co-Authored-By: NEileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@users.noreply.github.com>

Update guides/source/active_record_querying.md
Co-Authored-By: NEileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@users.noreply.github.com>

Update guides/source/active_record_querying.md
Co-Authored-By: NEileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@users.noreply.github.com>

Quotation mark for gems with options in Gemfile template:

[ImgBot] Optimize images

/guides/assets/images/rails_guides_logo.gif -- 3.68kb -> 2.65kb (28.06%)
/guides/assets/images/association_basics/belongs_to.png -- 34.22kb -> 26.71kb (21.96%)
/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png -- 26.17kb -> 20.72kb (20.81%)
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/guides/assets/images/association_basics/has_one.png -- 37.33kb -> 32.27kb (13.54%)
/guides/assets/images/association_basics/polymorphic.png -- 82.75kb -> 72.70kb (12.15%)
/guides/assets/images/association_basics/has_one_through.png -- 90.37kb -> 79.83kb (11.66%)
/guides/assets/images/association_basics/habtm.png -- 60.00kb -> 53.02kb (11.63%)
/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png -- 15.36kb -> 13.82kb (10.04%)
/guides/assets/images/association_basics/has_many_through.png -- 96.52kb -> 88.06kb (8.76%)
Signed-off-by: NImgBotApp <ImgBotHelp@gmail.com>

Use latest version of SDoc

Cross-refs zzak/sdoc#138.

[John Hawthorn]

* `expires_in` `extras` documentation

Wanted to find how to add `s-maxage` and stumbled across this feature.

Wanted to document it for others, but many proxies like Akamai are very insistent on using `s-maxage` rather than `max-age`.

* Altered verbiage and fixed spelling

Isolate ARGV in Rails::Command.invoke

Refactor fetch_attribute

Remove convenience class alias

Fix warning: method redefined

This convenience class is only used twice in Arel. We can easily write
it out instead.

Similar to the work done in #38636, instead of using case statements we
can make these classes respond to `fetch_attribute`.

New classes can implement `fetch_attribute` instead of adding to the
case statement, it's more object oriented, and nicer looking.
Co-authored-by: NAaron Patterson <aaron.patterson@gmail.com>

Use the same quote (') for gems with extra options used by  AppGenerator
in the Gemfile template.

Fix variable not initialized warnings

```
activesupport/test/concern_test.rb:20: warning: instance variable
@included_ran not initialized

activesupport/test/concern_test.rb:28: warning: instance variable
@prepended_ran not initialized
```

Extract building ActiveRecord::Result into a method

Update code snippets to suggest the use of strong parameters

refactor: arel fetch_attribute to get the atrribute node from binary module.

Correct the parameter name for deserialize

Rails::Command.invoke wants kwargs, so give it kwargs