http://jruby.org/2017/09/06/jruby-9-1-13-0.html

Because `table` is part of `reflection`, don't need to pass it
explicitly. And also, naming `alias_name` to `table` is a little
confusing. `aliased_table` is preferable than `alias_name`.

`PolymorphicReflection` is an internal class that is used in
`ThroughReflection`. But `RuntimeReflection` is used for the head of
chain in `AssociationScope`. These are totally different things.

The order of scope evaluation should be from through scope to the
association's own scope. Otherwise the association's scope cannot affect
to through scope.

Fixes #13677.
Closes #28449.

[ci skip]

fix type fully qualified [ci skip]

Normalize/process Cache-Control headers consistently

Do not pass an instance variable to a private method

`ActionView::Helpers::Tags::Base` has `@object` and
all passed arguments for

* `#value`
* `#value_before_type_cast`
* `#value_came_from_user?`

are `@object`, so we do not need to pass arguments in this case.

Run in-app rails commands via fork+load where possible

Because `refl.scope` is the same meaning with `chain_head.scope`.

Explicitly require `test_unit/reporter`

Add Documentation For Duration Support & Expiry Meta Data  Added to Signed / Encrypted Cookies

Because `reflection_scope.values` will create extra new hash.

If `reflection.scope` isn't given, `reflection_scope` is always
`klass.unscoped`. it is unnecessary to merge it.

Otherwise using reserved words as composite primary key names will be
failed as an invalid SQL.

Fixes #30518.

While this avoids shell argument parsing, we still pass through
everything in our stack.

* Documentation for Duration support added  to  signed/encrypted cookies

* Changelog entries for the duration support and expiry metadata added to cookies

[ci skip]

If the user used the `bin/test` to execute the test, this file is
automatically loaded, so require is unnecessary.
https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/acea68de026ba657cb65c4dd0fc1f24ba67e1cf8/railties/lib/rails/plugin/test.rb#L4

However, when using `rake test`, an explicit require is required because
the above file is not loaded.

Fixes #30516

Defined scope treats nil as `all`, but scope in associations isn't so.
If the result of the scope is nil, most features on associations will be
broken. It should treat nil as `all` like defined scope.

Fixes #20823.

This effectively reverts 200cf32e,
restoring a variant of 5a0e0e72.

Because this is not a test case.

Remove outdated comment [ci skip]

We do not use double assign since 61f92f8b.

If `reflection_scope.where_clause` is not empty, `through_scope` should
be joined the source association. But if `values[:references]` in
`reflection_scope` is empty, the source association will not be joined.
It should use `source_reflection.table_name` in that case.

Fixes #22535.
Closes #28763.

Fix `can't modify frozen String` error in AC::Rendering

Replace unnecessary link with typewriter text [ci skip]

If `reflection_scope.where_clause` is not empty, `through_scope` should
be joined the source association. But if the through association doesn't
have explicit `:source`, `options[:source]` will be nil and
`scope.includes_values` will also be empty. It should use
`source_reflection.name` rather than `options[:source]`.

Fixed by a26cff3c.

Fixes #11078.
Fixes #26129.
Closes #14312.
Closes #29155.
Closes #29841.

Without this fix, preloading `:comments_with_include` will cause the
following error:

```
% bundle exec ruby -w -Itest test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb -n test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include
Using sqlite3
Run options: -n test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include --seed 1502

E

Error:
EagerAssociationTest#test_eager_with_has_many_through_join_model_with_include:
ActiveRecord::AssociationNotFoundError: Association named 'post' was not found on Post; perhaps you misspelled it?
```

If `reflection_scope.where_clause` is empty, `scope` isn't changed. So
`scope.eager_loading?` is always false.

Bump PostgreSQL version to the latest version 9.6 at Travis CI