Fix outdated comment for `Core::ClassMethods#===` [ci skip] (#30146)

This comment was added at 97849deb, but `AssociationProxy` and
`test_triple_equality` was removed at 1644663b. Currently the `===` is
used for `test_decorated_polymorphic_where` that added at #11945.
So I updated "association proxies" to "decorated models".

And also, currently `Core::ClassMethods` appears in the doc.

http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Core/ClassMethods.html

But it looks like that the methods in the module is not public API.
So I also added `# :nodoc:` to the module.

activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ def self.connection_handler=(handler)
       self.default_connection_handler = ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionHandler.new
     end
 
-    module ClassMethods
+    module ClassMethods # :nodoc:
       def allocate
         define_attribute_methods
         super
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ def inspect
         end
       end
 
-      # Overwrite the default class equality method to provide support for association proxies.
+      # Overwrite the default class equality method to provide support for decorated models.
       def ===(object)
         object.is_a?(self)
       end