Revert "Move the handling of supported arguments to `where`"

This reverts commit 4d8f62dc.

Reason: This broke the build. Please recommit again when it is green.

activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb

@@ -552,6 +552,8 @@ def where(opts = :chain, *rest)
         WhereChain.new(spawn)
       elsif opts.blank?
         self
+      elsif !opts.is_a?(String) && !opts.respond_to?(:to_h)
+        raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported argument type: #{opts} (#{opts.class})"
       else
         spawn.where!(opts, *rest)
       end

activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def build(opts, other)
 
           parts = predicate_builder.build_from_hash(attributes)
         else
-          raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported argument type: #{opts} (#{opts.class})"
+          parts = [opts]
         end
 
         WhereClause.new(parts, binds)