Whether a column exists or not doesn't affect whether we can use binds

Looking through the blame, this logic used to be when we actually
created the bind tuple. My guess is that `nil` couldn't be handled there
at that time. It can, now.

activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb

@@ -959,12 +959,9 @@ def build_where(opts, other = [])
 
     def create_binds(opts)
       bindable, non_binds = opts.partition do |column, value|
-        case value
-        when String, Integer, ActiveRecord::StatementCache::Substitute
-          @klass.columns_hash.include? column.to_s
-        else
-          false
-        end
+        value.is_a?(String) ||
+          value.is_a?(Integer) ||
+          value.is_a?(ActiveRecord::StatementCache::Substitute)
       end
 
       association_binds, non_binds = non_binds.partition do |column, value|

activerecord/test/cases/relation/where_chain_test.rb

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def test_not_in
     end
 
     def test_association_not_eq
-      expected = Comment.arel_table[@name].not_eq('hello')
+      expected = Comment.arel_table[@name].not_eq(Arel::Nodes::BindParam.new)
       relation = Post.joins(:comments).where.not(comments: {title: 'hello'})
       assert_equal(expected.to_sql, relation.where_values.first.to_sql)
     end