Previously it was the responsibility of the database tasks to translate
the invalid statement from creating a duplicate database into an
ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseAlreadyExists error.

It's actually easier for us to do this detection inside of the adapter,
where we already do a case statement on the return code to translate the
error.

This commit introduces ActiveRecord::DatabaseAlreadyExists, a subclass
of StatementInvalid, and updates both AbstractMysqlAdapter and
PostgresqlAdapter to return this more specific exception in that case.

Because this is a subclass of the old exception, StatementInvalid, it
should be backwards compatible with any code expecting that from
create_database.

This works for both create_database and exectute("CREATE DATABASE")