schema_dumper.rb

require 'stringio'
require 'active_support/core_ext/big_decimal'

module ActiveRecord
  # = Active Record Schema Dumper
  #
  # This class is used to dump the database schema for some connection to some
  # output format (i.e., ActiveRecord::Schema).
  class SchemaDumper #:nodoc:
    private_class_method :new

    ##
    # :singleton-method:
    # A list of tables which should not be dumped to the schema.
    # Acceptable values are strings as well as regexp.
    # This setting is only used if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
    cattr_accessor :ignore_tables
    @@ignore_tables = []

    class << self
      def dump(connection=ActiveRecord::Base.connection, stream=STDOUT, config = ActiveRecord::Base)
        new(connection, generate_options(config)).dump(stream)
        stream
      end

      private
        def generate_options(config)
          {
            table_name_prefix: config.table_name_prefix,
            table_name_suffix: config.table_name_suffix
          }
        end
    end

    def dump(stream)
      header(stream)
      extensions(stream)
      tables(stream)
      trailer(stream)
      stream
    end

    private

      def initialize(connection, options = {})
        @connection = connection
        @types = @connection.native_database_types
        @version = Migrator::current_version rescue nil
        @options = options
      end

      def header(stream)
        define_params = @version ? "version: #{@version}" : ""

        if stream.respond_to?(:external_encoding) && stream.external_encoding
          stream.puts "# encoding: #{stream.external_encoding.name}"
        end

        stream.puts <<HEADER
# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead
# of editing this file, please use the migrations feature of Active Record to
# incrementally modify your database, and then regenerate this schema definition.
#
# Note that this schema.rb definition is the authoritative source for your
# database schema. If you need to create the application database on another
# system, you should be using db:schema:load, not running all the migrations
# from scratch. The latter is a flawed and unsustainable approach (the more migrations
# you'll amass, the slower it'll run and the greater likelihood for issues).
#
# It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.

ActiveRecord::Schema.define(#{define_params}) do

HEADER
      end

      def trailer(stream)
        stream.puts "end"
      end

      def extensions(stream)
        return unless @connection.supports_extensions?
        extensions = @connection.extensions
        if extensions.any?
          stream.puts "  # These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database"
          extensions.each do |extension|
            stream.puts "  enable_extension #{extension.inspect}"
          end
          stream.puts
        end
      end

      def tables(stream)
        sorted_tables = @connection.tables.sort

        sorted_tables.each do |table_name|
          table(table_name, stream) unless ignored?(table_name)
        end

        # dump foreign keys at the end to make sure all dependent tables exist.
        if @connection.supports_foreign_keys?
          sorted_tables.each do |tbl|
            foreign_keys(tbl, stream)
          end
        end
      end

      def table(table, stream)
        columns = @connection.columns(table)
        begin
          tbl = StringIO.new

          # first dump primary key column
          if @connection.respond_to?(:pk_and_sequence_for)
            pk, _ = @connection.pk_and_sequence_for(table)
          end
          if !pk && @connection.respond_to?(:primary_key)
            pk = @connection.primary_key(table)
          end

          tbl.print "  create_table #{remove_prefix_and_suffix(table).inspect}"
          pkcol = columns.detect { |c| c.name == pk }
          if pkcol
            if pk != 'id'
              tbl.print %Q(, primary_key: "#{pk}")
            elsif pkcol.sql_type == 'uuid'
              tbl.print ", id: :uuid"
              tbl.print %Q(, default: "#{pkcol.default_function}") if pkcol.default_function
            end
          else
            tbl.print ", id: false"
          end
          tbl.print ", force: true"
          tbl.puts " do |t|"

          # then dump all non-primary key columns
          column_specs = columns.map do |column|
            raise StandardError, "Unknown type '#{column.sql_type}' for column '#{column.name}'" unless @connection.valid_type?(column.type)
            next if column.name == pk
            @connection.column_spec(column, @types)
          end.compact

          # find all migration keys used in this table
          keys = @connection.migration_keys

          # figure out the lengths for each column based on above keys
          lengths = keys.map { |key|
            column_specs.map { |spec|
              spec[key] ? spec[key].length + 2 : 0
            }.max
          }

          # the string we're going to sprintf our values against, with standardized column widths
          format_string = lengths.map{ |len| "%-#{len}s" }

          # find the max length for the 'type' column, which is special
          type_length = column_specs.map{ |column| column[:type].length }.max

          # add column type definition to our format string
          format_string.unshift "    t.%-#{type_length}s "

          format_string *= ''

          column_specs.each do |colspec|
            values = keys.zip(lengths).map{ |key, len| colspec.key?(key) ? colspec[key] + ", " : " " * len }
            values.unshift colspec[:type]
            tbl.print((format_string % values).gsub(/,\s*$/, ''))
            tbl.puts
          end

          tbl.puts "  end"
          tbl.puts

          indexes(table, tbl)

          tbl.rewind
          stream.print tbl.read
        rescue => e
          stream.puts "# Could not dump table #{table.inspect} because of following #{e.class}"
          stream.puts "#   #{e.message}"
          stream.puts
        end

        stream
      end

      def indexes(table, stream)
        if (indexes = @connection.indexes(table)).any?
          add_index_statements = indexes.map do |index|
            statement_parts = [
              ('add_index ' + remove_prefix_and_suffix(index.table).inspect),
              index.columns.inspect,
              ('name: ' + index.name.inspect),
            ]
            statement_parts << 'unique: true' if index.unique

            index_lengths = (index.lengths || []).compact
            statement_parts << ('length: ' + Hash[index.columns.zip(index.lengths)].inspect) unless index_lengths.empty?

            index_orders = (index.orders || {})
            statement_parts << ('order: ' + index.orders.inspect) unless index_orders.empty?

            statement_parts << ('where: ' + index.where.inspect) if index.where

            statement_parts << ('using: ' + index.using.inspect) if index.using

            statement_parts << ('type: ' + index.type.inspect) if index.type

            '  ' + statement_parts.join(', ')
          end

          stream.puts add_index_statements.sort.join("\n")
          stream.puts
        end
      end

      def foreign_keys(table, stream)
        if (foreign_keys = @connection.foreign_keys(table)).any?
          add_foreign_key_statements = foreign_keys.map do |foreign_key|
            parts = [
                     'add_foreign_key ' + remove_prefix_and_suffix(foreign_key.from_table).inspect,
                     remove_prefix_and_suffix(foreign_key.to_table).inspect,
                    ]

            if foreign_key.column != @connection.foreign_key_column_for(foreign_key.to_table)
              parts << ('column: ' + foreign_key.column.inspect)
            end

            if foreign_key.custom_primary_key?
              parts << ('primary_key: ' + foreign_key.primary_key.inspect)
            end

            if foreign_key.name !~ /^fk_rails_[0-9a-f]{10}$/
              parts << ('name: ' + foreign_key.name.inspect)
            end

            parts << ('on_update: ' + foreign_key.on_update.inspect) if foreign_key.on_update
            parts << ('on_delete: ' + foreign_key.on_delete.inspect) if foreign_key.on_delete

            '  ' + parts.join(', ')
          end

          stream.puts add_foreign_key_statements.sort.join("\n")
        end
      end

      def remove_prefix_and_suffix(table)
        table.gsub(/^(#{@options[:table_name_prefix]})(.+)(#{@options[:table_name_suffix]})$/,  "\\2")
      end

      def ignored?(table_name)
        ['schema_migrations', ignore_tables].flatten.any? do |ignored|
          case ignored
          when String; remove_prefix_and_suffix(table_name) == ignored
          when Regexp; remove_prefix_and_suffix(table_name) =~ ignored
          else
            raise StandardError, 'ActiveRecord::SchemaDumper.ignore_tables accepts an array of String and / or Regexp values.'
          end
        end
      end
  end
end