Reduces GPU usage when encoding is not active.  Does not perform color
conversion, frame staging, or frame downloading unless encoding is
explicitly active.

Allows the ability to have a callback invoked every time video ticks.
Particularly useful for scripting.

(Note: This commit also modifies UI and test)

This makes it so that main preview panes are rendered with the main
output texture rather than re-rendering the main view.  The view will
render all objects again, whereas the output texture will be a single
texture render of the same exact thing.

Also fixes some abnormal artifacting when scaling the main preview pane.

This is to prevent confusion with video_thread in
libobs/media-io/video-io.c, which is used exclusively for video
encoding/output.  Also prevents confusion in the profiler log data.

Ensures that any rand() calls in the video thread will have a unique
seed to start from.

Useful for real-time rendering statistics

Optionally allows drawing directly to the primary output instead of
having to use a source to draw.

Allows getting the current active framerate that the core is rendering
with.  This takes in to account any rendering lag or stalls that may be
occurring.

Allows the ability to use scale filters such as point, bicubic, lanczos
on specific scene items, disabled by default.  When using one of the
latter two options, if the item's scale is under half of the source's
original size, it uses the bilinear low resolution downscale shader
instead.

(Note: This commit breaks libobs compilation.  Skip if bisecting)

These variables are considered obsolete and will no longer be needed.

This has been missing for a bit too long, and should make it
easier/faster to diagnose issues users might be having.

This was originally used for calculating audio volume if transitions
were active, but transitions won't work that way so tracking the active
transitions is no longer needed.

Use explicit UTF-8 byte sequence for the "no-break space" character.

Prevents issues with certain editors, and fixes the following compiler
warning on Visual C++:

warning C4819: The file contains a character that cannot be represented
in the current code page (X). Save the file in Unicode format to prevent
data loss

(Non-compiling commit: windowless-context branch)

API Changed:
---------------------
Removed functions:
- obs_add_draw_callback
- obs_remove_draw_callback
- obs_resize
- obs_preview_set_enabled
- obs_preview_enabled

Removed member variables from struct obs_video_info:
- window_width
- window_height
- window

Summary:
---------------------
Changes the core libobs API to not be dependent upon a main window/view.
If you wish to draw to a window/view, use an obs_display object to
handle it.

This allows the use of libobs without requiring a window to be present
on the system.  This is also prunes code that had to be needlessly
duplicated to handle the "main" window.

A minor optimization: in copy_rgbx_frame (used when libobs is set to
output RGBA frames instead of YUV frames), if the line sizes for the
source and destination match, just use a single memcpy call for all of
the data instead of multiple memcpy calls.

The "clamped" video time is the system time per video frame that is
closest to the current system time, but always divisible by the frame
interval.  For example, if the last frame system timestamp was 1600 and
the new frame is 2500, but the frame interval is 800, then the
"clamped" video time is 2400.

This clamped value is useful to get the relative system time without any
jitter.

Adds the ability to natively output with planar YUV 4:4:4.

RGB output wasn't occurring due to the fact that the frame simply wasn't
being copied.

The normal scaling methods cannot sample enough pixels to create an
accurate output image when the output size is under half the base size,
so use the bilinear low resolution scaling effect in that case instead
to ensure a more accurate low resolution image.

Direct3D textures are usually aligned to a specific pitch, so their
internal width is often not equal to the expected output width; this
means that if we want to use it on our texture output, that we must
de-align the texture while copying the texture data.

However, I unintentionally messed up the calculation at some point with
RGBA textures, so the variable size I was supposed to be using was
supposed to be multiplied by 4 (for RGBA), while I was still expecting
single channel data.  So, if the texture width was something like 1332,
the source (directx) texture line size would be somewhere at or above
5328 (because it's RGBA), then destination is at 1332 (YUV luma plane),
and it would unintentionally treat 3996 (or 5328 - 1332) bytes as the
unused alignment data.  So this fixes that miscalculation.

The return value of os_sleepto_ns is true if it waited to the specified
time, and false if the current time is past the specified time.  So it
basically returns true if it successfully waited.

I just didn't check the return value properly here, so it ended up just
setting the count of frames to 1 if overshot, ultimately causing sync
issues.

Helps identify which threads are which when debugging

Previously, the design for the interaction between the encoder thread
and the graphics thread was that the encoder thread would signal to the
graphics thread when to start drawing each frame.  The original idea
behind this was to prevent mutually cascading stalls of encoding or
graphics rendering (i.e., if rendering took too long, then encoding
would have to catch up, then rendering would have to catch up again, and
so on, cascading upon each other).  The ultimate goal was to prevent
encoding from impacting graphics and vise versa.

However, eventually it was realized that there were some fundamental
flaws with this design.

1. Stray frame duplication.  You could not guarantee that a frame would
   render on time, so sometimes frames would unintentionally be lost if
   there was any sort of minor hiccup or if the thread took too long to
   be scheduled I'm guessing.

2. Frame timing in the rendering thread was less accurate.  The only
   place where frame timing was accurate was in the encoder thread, and
   the graphics thread was at the whim of thread scheduling.  On higher
   end computers it was typically fine, but it was just generally not
   guaranteed that a frame would be rendered when it was supposed to be
   rendered.

So the solution (originally proposed by r1ch and paibox) is to instead
keep the encoding and graphics threads separate as usual, but instead of
the encoder thread controlling the graphics thread, the graphics thread
now controls the encoder thread.  The encoder thread keeps a limited
cache of frames, then the graphics thread copies frames in to the cache
and increments a semaphore to schedule the encoder thread to encode that
data.

In the cache, each frame has an encode counter.  If the frame cache is
full (e.g., the encoder taking too long to return frames), it will not
cache a new frame, but instead will just increment the counter on the
last frame in the cache to schedule that frame to encode again, ensuring
that frames are on time and reducing CPU usage by lowering video
complexity.  If the graphics thread takes too long to render a frame,
then it will add that frame with the count value set to the total amount
of frames that were missed (actual legitimately duplicated frames).

Because the cache gives many frames of breathing room for the encoder to
encode frames, this design helps improve results especially when using
encoding presets that have higher complexity and CPU usage, minimizing
the risk of needlessly skipped or duplicated frames.

I also managed to sneak in what should be a bit of an optimization to
reduce copying of frame data, though how much of an optimization it
ultimately ends up being is debatable.

So to sum it up, this commit increases accuracy of frame timing,
completely removes stray frame duplication, gives better results for
higher complexity encoding presets, and potentially optimizes the frame
pipeline a tiny bit.

This changes the way source volume handles transitioning between being
active and inactive states.

The previous way that transitioning handled volume was that it set the
presentation volume of the source and all of its sub-sources to 0.0 if
the source was inactive, and 1.0 if active.  Transition sources would
then also set the presentation volume for sub-sources to whatever their
transitioning volume was.  However, the problem with this is that the
design didn't take in to account if the source or its sub-sources were
active anywhere else, so because of that it would break if that ever
happened, and I didn't realize that when I was designing it.

So instead, this completely overhauls the design of handling
transitioning volume.  Each frame, it'll go through all sources and
check whether they're active or inactive and set the base volume
accordingly.  If transitions are currently active, it will actually walk
the active source tree and check whether the source is in a
transitioning state somewhere.

 - If the source is a sub-source of a transition, and it's not active
   outside of the transition, then the transition will control the
   volume of the source.

 - If the source is a sub-source of a transition, but it's also active
   outside of the transition, it'll defer to whichever is louder.

This also adds a new callback to the obs_source_info structure for
transition sources, get_transition_volume, which is called to get the
transitioning volume of a sub-source.

This adds bicubic and lanczos scaling capability to libobs to improve
scaling quality and sharpness when the output resolution has to be
scaled relative to the base resolution.  Bilinear is also available,
although bilinear has rather poor quality and causes scaling to appear
blurry.

If the output resolution is close to the base resolution, then bilinear
is used instead as an optimization, as there's no need to use these
shaders if scaling is not in use.

The Bicubic and Lanczos effects are also exposed via exported function
to allow the ability to use those shaders in plugin modules if desired.

The API change adds a variable 'scale_type' to the obs_video_info
structure that allows the user interface to choose what type of scaling
filter should be used.

This was an important change because we were originally using an
hard-coded 709/partial range color matrix for the output, which was
causing problems for people wanting to use different formats or color
spaces.  This will now automatically generate the color matrix depending
on the format, color space, and range, or use an identity matrix if the
video format is RGB instead of YUV.

On certain GPUs, if you don't flush and the window is minimized it can
endlessly accumulate memory due to what I'm assuming are driver design
flaws (though I can't know for sure).  The flush seems to prevent this
from happening, at least from my tests.  It would be nice if this
weren't necessary.

At the start of each render loop, it would get the timestamp, and then
it would then assign that timestamp to whatever frame was downloaded.
However, the frame that was downloaded was usually occurred a number of
frames ago, so it would assign the wrong timestamp value to that frame.

This fixes that issue by storing the timestamps in a circular buffer.

This should fix blending issues on stream/recording that weren't visible
in the preview

Typedef pointers are unsafe.  If you do:
typedef struct bla *bla_t;
then you cannot use it as a constant, such as: const bla_t, because
that constant will be to the pointer itself rather than to the
underlying data.  I admit this was a fundamental mistake that must
be corrected.

All typedefs that were pointer types will now have their pointers
removed from the type itself, and the pointers will be used when they
are actually used as variables/parameters/returns instead.

This does not break ABI though, which is pretty nice.

Summary:
- Prefix all graphics subsystem names with gs_ or GS_
- Unsquish funciton names (for example _setfloat to _set_float)
- Changed create functions to be more consistent with the rest of the
  API elsewhere.  For exmaple, instead of
  gs_create_texture/gs_texture_destroy, it's now
  gs_texture_create/gs_texture_destroy
- Renamed gs_stencil_op enum to gs_stencil_op_type

From:                            To:
-----------------------------------------------------------
tvertarray                       gs_tvertarray
vb_data                          gs_vb_data
vbdata_create                    gs_vbdata_create
vbdata_destroy                   gs_vbdata_destroy
shader_param                     gs_shader_param
gs_effect                        gs_effect
effect_technique                 gs_effect_technique
effect_pass                      gs_effect_pass
effect_param                     gs_effect_param
texture_t                        gs_texture_t
stagesurf_t                      gs_stagesurf_t
zstencil_t                       gs_zstencil_t
vertbuffer_t                     gs_vertbuffer_t
indexbuffer_t                    gs_indexbuffer_t
samplerstate_t                   gs_samplerstate_t
swapchain_t                      gs_swapchain_t
texrender_t                      gs_texrender_t
shader_t                         gs_shader_t
sparam_t                         gs_sparam_t
effect_t                         gs_effect_t
technique_t                      gs_technique_t
eparam_t                         gs_eparam_t
device_t                         gs_device_t
graphics_t                       graphics_t
shader_param_type                gs_shader_param_type
SHADER_PARAM_UNKNOWN             GS_SHADER_PARAM_UNKNOWN
SHADER_PARAM_BOOL                GS_SHADER_PARAM_BOOL
SHADER_PARAM_FLOAT               GS_SHADER_PARAM_FLOAT
SHADER_PARAM_INT                 GS_SHADER_PARAM_INT
SHADER_PARAM_STRING              GS_SHADER_PARAM_STRING
SHADER_PARAM_VEC2                GS_SHADER_PARAM_VEC2
SHADER_PARAM_VEC3                GS_SHADER_PARAM_VEC3
SHADER_PARAM_VEC4                GS_SHADER_PARAM_VEC4
SHADER_PARAM_MATRIX4X4           GS_SHADER_PARAM_MATRIX4X4
SHADER_PARAM_TEXTURE             GS_SHADER_PARAM_TEXTURE
shader_param_info                gs_shader_param_info
shader_type                      gs_shader_type
SHADER_VERTEX                    GS_SHADER_VERTEX
SHADER_PIXEL                     GS_SHADER_PIXEL
shader_destroy                   gs_shader_destroy
shader_numparams                 gs_shader_get_num_params
shader_getparambyidx             gs_shader_get_param_by_idx
shader_getparambyname            gs_shader_get_param_by_name
shader_getviewprojmatrix         gs_shader_get_viewproj_matrix
shader_getworldmatrix            gs_shader_get_world_matrix
shader_getparaminfo              gs_shader_get_param_info
shader_setbool                   gs_shader_set_bool
shader_setfloat                  gs_shader_set_float
shader_setint                    gs_shader_set_int
shader_setmatrix3                gs_shader_setmatrix3
shader_setmatrix4                gs_shader_set_matrix4
shader_setvec2                   gs_shader_set_vec2
shader_setvec3                   gs_shader_set_vec3
shader_setvec4                   gs_shader_set_vec4
shader_settexture                gs_shader_set_texture
shader_setval                    gs_shader_set_val
shader_setdefault                gs_shader_set_default
effect_property_type             gs_effect_property_type
EFFECT_NONE                      GS_EFFECT_NONE
EFFECT_BOOL                      GS_EFFECT_BOOL
EFFECT_FLOAT                     GS_EFFECT_FLOAT
EFFECT_COLOR                     GS_EFFECT_COLOR
EFFECT_TEXTURE                   GS_EFFECT_TEXTURE
effect_param_info                gs_effect_param_info
effect_destroy                   gs_effect_destroy
effect_gettechnique              gs_effect_get_technique
technique_begin                  gs_technique_begin
technique_end                    gs_technique_end
technique_beginpass              gs_technique_begin_pass
technique_beginpassbyname        gs_technique_begin_pass_by_name
technique_endpass                gs_technique_end_pass
effect_numparams                 gs_effect_get_num_params
effect_getparambyidx             gs_effect_get_param_by_idx
effect_getparambyname            gs_effect_get_param_by_name
effect_updateparams              gs_effect_update_params
effect_getviewprojmatrix         gs_effect_get_viewproj_matrix
effect_getworldmatrix            gs_effect_get_world_matrix
effect_getparaminfo              gs_effect_get_param_info
effect_setbool                   gs_effect_set_bool
effect_setfloat                  gs_effect_set_float
effect_setint                    gs_effect_set_int
effect_setmatrix4                gs_effect_set_matrix4
effect_setvec2                   gs_effect_set_vec2
effect_setvec3                   gs_effect_set_vec3
effect_setvec4                   gs_effect_set_vec4
effect_settexture                gs_effect_set_texture
effect_setval                    gs_effect_set_val
effect_setdefault                gs_effect_set_default
texrender_create                 gs_texrender_create
texrender_destroy                gs_texrender_destroy
texrender_begin                  gs_texrender_begin
texrender_end                    gs_texrender_end
texrender_reset                  gs_texrender_reset
texrender_gettexture             gs_texrender_get_texture
GS_BUILDMIPMAPS                  GS_BUILD_MIPMAPS
GS_RENDERTARGET                  GS_RENDER_TARGET
gs_device_name                   gs_get_device_name
gs_device_type                   gs_get_device_type
gs_entercontext                  gs_enter_context
gs_leavecontext                  gs_leave_context
gs_getcontext                    gs_get_context
gs_renderstart                   gs_render_start
gs_renderstop                    gs_render_stop
gs_rendersave                    gs_render_save
gs_getinput                      gs_get_input
gs_geteffect                     gs_get_effect
gs_create_effect_from_file       gs_effect_create_from_file
gs_create_effect                 gs_effect_create
gs_create_vertexshader_from_file gs_vertexshader_create_from_file
gs_create_pixelshader_from_file  gs_pixelshader_create_from_file
gs_create_texture_from_file      gs_texture_create_from_file
gs_resetviewport                 gs_reset_viewport
gs_set2dmode                     gs_set_2d_mode
gs_set3dmode                     gs_set_3d_mode
gs_create_swapchain              gs_swapchain_create
gs_getsize                       gs_get_size
gs_getwidth                      gs_get_width
gs_getheight                     gs_get_height
gs_create_texture                gs_texture_create
gs_create_cubetexture            gs_cubetexture_create
gs_create_volumetexture          gs_voltexture_create
gs_create_zstencil               gs_zstencil_create
gs_create_stagesurface           gs_stagesurface_create
gs_create_samplerstate           gs_samplerstate_create
gs_create_vertexshader           gs_vertexshader_create
gs_create_pixelshader            gs_pixelshader_create
gs_create_vertexbuffer           gs_vertexbuffer_create
gs_create_indexbuffer            gs_indexbuffer_create
gs_gettexturetype                gs_get_texture_type
gs_load_defaultsamplerstate      gs_load_default_samplerstate
gs_getvertexshader               gs_get_vertex_shader
gs_getpixelshader                gs_get_pixel_shader
gs_getrendertarget               gs_get_render_target
gs_getzstenciltarget             gs_get_zstencil_target
gs_setrendertarget               gs_set_render_target
gs_setcuberendertarget           gs_set_cube_render_target
gs_beginscene                    gs_begin_scene
gs_draw                          gs_draw
gs_endscene                      gs_end_scene
gs_setcullmode                   gs_set_cull_mode
gs_getcullmode                   gs_get_cull_mode
gs_enable_depthtest              gs_enable_depth_test
gs_enable_stenciltest            gs_enable_stencil_test
gs_enable_stencilwrite           gs_enable_stencil_write
gs_blendfunction                 gs_blend_function
gs_depthfunction                 gs_depth_function
gs_stencilfunction               gs_stencil_function
gs_stencilop                     gs_stencil_op
gs_setviewport                   gs_set_viewport
gs_getviewport                   gs_get_viewport
gs_setscissorrect                gs_set_scissor_rect
gs_create_texture_from_iosurface gs_texture_create_from_iosurface
gs_create_gdi_texture            gs_texture_create_gdi
gs_is_compressed_format          gs_is_compressed_format
gs_num_total_levels              gs_get_total_levels
texture_setimage                 gs_texture_set_image
cubetexture_setimage             gs_cubetexture_set_image
swapchain_destroy                gs_swapchain_destroy
texture_destroy                  gs_texture_destroy
texture_getwidth                 gs_texture_get_width
texture_getheight                gs_texture_get_height
texture_getcolorformat           gs_texture_get_color_format
texture_map                      gs_texture_map
texture_unmap                    gs_texture_unmap
texture_isrect                   gs_texture_is_rect
texture_getobj                   gs_texture_get_obj
cubetexture_destroy              gs_cubetexture_destroy
cubetexture_getsize              gs_cubetexture_get_size
cubetexture_getcolorformat       gs_cubetexture_get_color_format
volumetexture_destroy            gs_voltexture_destroy
volumetexture_getwidth           gs_voltexture_get_width
volumetexture_getheight          gs_voltexture_get_height
volumetexture_getdepth           gs_voltexture_getdepth
volumetexture_getcolorformat     gs_voltexture_get_color_format
stagesurface_destroy             gs_stagesurface_destroy
stagesurface_getwidth            gs_stagesurface_get_width
stagesurface_getheight           gs_stagesurface_get_height
stagesurface_getcolorformat      gs_stagesurface_get_color_format
stagesurface_map                 gs_stagesurface_map
stagesurface_unmap               gs_stagesurface_unmap
zstencil_destroy                 gs_zstencil_destroy
samplerstate_destroy             gs_samplerstate_destroy
vertexbuffer_destroy             gs_vertexbuffer_destroy
vertexbuffer_flush               gs_vertexbuffer_flush
vertexbuffer_getdata             gs_vertexbuffer_get_data
indexbuffer_destroy              gs_indexbuffer_destroy
indexbuffer_flush                gs_indexbuffer_flush
indexbuffer_getdata              gs_indexbuffer_get_data
indexbuffer_numindices           gs_indexbuffer_get_num_indices
indexbuffer_gettype              gs_indexbuffer_get_type
texture_rebind_iosurface         gs_texture_rebind_iosurface
texture_get_dc                   gs_texture_get_dc
texture_release_dc               gs_texture_release_dc

Renamed:                        To:
-----------------------------------------------------------
audio_output_blocksize          audio_output_get_block_size
audio_output_planes             audio_output_get_planes
audio_output_channels           audio_output_get_channels
audio_output_samplerate         audio_output_get_sample_rate
audio_output_getinfo            audio_output_get_info
audio_output_createline         audio_output_create_line
video_output_getinfo            video_output_get_info
video_gettime                   video_output_get_time
video_getframetime              video_output_get_frame_time
video_output_width              video_output_get_width
video_output_height             video_output_get_height
video_output_framerate          video_output_get_frame_rate
video_output_num_skipped_frames video_output_get_skipped_frames
video_output_total_frames       video_output_get_total_frames

API Removed:
- graphics_t obs_graphics();
Replaced With:
- void obs_enter_graphics();
- void obs_leave_graphics();

Description:
  obs_graphics() was somewhat of a pointless function.  The only time
that it was ever necessary was to pass it as a parameter to
gs_entercontext() followed by a subsequent gs_leavecontext() call after
that.  So, I felt that it made a bit more sense just to implement
obs_enter_graphics() and obs_leave_graphics() functions to do the exact
same thing without having to repeat that code.  There's really no need
to ever "hold" the graphics pointer, though I suppose that could change
in the future so having a similar function come back isn't out of the
question.

Still, this at least reduces the amount of unnecessary repeated code for
the time being.

For the sake of naming consistency with the rest of obs.h, prefix this
structure and associated functions with obs_.

Renamed structures:
- struct source_frame (now obs_source_frame)

Renamed functions:
- source_frame_init (now obs_source_frame_init)
- source_frame_free (now obs_source_frame_free)
- source_frame_create (now obs_source_frame_create)
- source_frame_destroy (now obs_source_frame_destroy)

Affected functions:
- obs_source_output_video
- obs_source_get_frame
- obs_source_release_frame

Similar to the shader functions, the effect parameter functions take
the effect as a parameter.  However, the effect parameter is pretty
pointless, because the effect parameter.. parameter stores the effect
pointer interally.