提交 a9902a30 编写于 作者: H Helin Wang

fix according to discussion

上级 62f51fce
# Python Data Provider Design Doc
# Python Data Reader Design Doc
Data provider provides data for training. It will be passed into `paddle.train` as a parameter.
Paddle reads data from data reader during training. It will be passed into `paddle.train` as a parameter.
## Data Provider Interface
## Data Reader Interface
Data provider is a function with no parameter that creates a iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`):
Data reader is a function with no parameter that creates a iterable (anything can be used in `for x in iterable`):
```
iterable = data_provider()
iterable = data_reader()
```
Element produced for the iterable should be a **single** entry of data, in format `[column_0_item, column_1_item, ...]`. Each element of the list needs to be supported data type (e.g., numpy 1d array of float32, list of int).
Element produced for the iterable should be a **single** entry of data, **not** a mini batch. That entry of data could be a single item, or a tuple of items. Item should be of [supported type](http://www.paddlepaddle.org/doc/ui/data_provider/pydataprovider2.html?highlight=dense_vector#input-types) (e.g., numpy 1d array of float32, int, list of int)
For example, `column_0_item` could be image pixels of format numpy 1d array of float32, and `column_1_item` could be image label of format single int value:
An example implementation for single item data reader:
```python
def data_reader_fake_image():
while True:
yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=20*20)
```
An example implementation for multiple item data reader:
```python
def data_reader_fake_image_and_label():
while True:
yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=20*20), False
```
for single_entry in iterable:
pixel = entry[0]
label = entry[1]
## Data Reader Decorators
Data Reader Decorators takes a single or multiple data reader, returns a new data reader. It is similar to a [python decorator](https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecorators), but it does not use `@` syntax.
Since we have a strict interface for data readers (no parameter, return a single data item). Data reader can be used flexiable via data reader decorators. Following a few examples:
### Prefetch Data
Since reading data may take time and training can not proceed without data. It is generally a good idea to prefetch data.
Use `paddle.reader.buffered` to prefetch data:
```python
buffered_reader = paddle.reader.buffered(paddle.dataset.mnist, 100)
```
`buffered_reader` will try to buffer (prefetch) `100` data entries.
### Compose Multiple Data Readers
For example, we want to use a source of real images (reusing mnist dataset), and a source of fake images as input for [Generative Adversarial Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.2661).
We can do:
```python
def data_reader_fake_image():
while True:
yield numpy.random.uniform(-1, 1, size=20*20)
def data_reader_bool(t):
while True:
yield t
true_reader = lambda : data_reader_bool(True)
false_reader = lambda : data_reader_bool(False)
reader = paddle.reader.combine(paddle.dataset.mnist, data_reader_fake_image, true_reader, false_reader)
# skipped 1 because paddle.dataset.mnist produces two items per data entry.
# We don't care second item at this time.
paddle.train(reader, {"true_image":0, "fake_image": 2, "true_label": 3, "false_label": 4}, ...)
```
### Shuffle
Given shuffle buffer size `n`, `paddle.reader.shuffle` will return a data reader decorater that buffers `n` data entries and shuffle them before a data entry is read.
Example:
```python
reader = paddle.reader.shuffle(paddle.dataset.mnist, 512)
```
## Usage
data provider, mapping from data provider column to data layer, batch size and number of total pass will be passed into `paddle.train`:
data reader, mapping from item(s) read to data layer, batch size and number of total pass will be passed into `paddle.train`:
```python
# two data layer is created:
......@@ -31,32 +89,38 @@ label_layer = paddle.layer.data("label", ...)
# ...
paddle.train(paddle.data.mnist, ["image", "label"], 128, 10, ...)
paddle.train(paddle.dataset.mnist, {"image":0, "label":1}, 128, 10, ...)
```
## Q & A
### Why return only a single entry, but not a mini batch?
If return a mini batch, data provider need to take care of batch size. But batch size is a concept for training, it makes more sense for user to specify batch size as a parameter for `train`.
If return a mini batch, data reader need to take care of batch size. But batch size is a concept for training, it makes more sense for user to specify batch size as a parameter for `train`.
Concretely, always return a single entry make reusing existing data providers much easier (e.g., if existing data provider return not a single entry but 3 entries, training code will be more complex because it need to handle cases like batch size 2).
Practically, always return a single entry make reusing existing data reader much easier (e.g., if existing data reader return not a single entry but 3 entries, training code will be more complex because it need to handle cases like batch size 2).
### How to create custom data provider
### Why use a dictionary but not a list to provide mapping?
We decided to use dictionary (`{"image":0, "label":1}`) instead of list (`["image", "label"]`) is because that user can easily resue item (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "image_b":0, "label":1}`) or skip item (e.g., using `{"image_a":0, "label":2}`).
### How to create custom data reader
```python
def image_provider(path):
f = open(path)
def image_reader(image_path, label_path):
f = open(image_path)
l = open(label_path)
images = numpy.fromfile(
f, 'ubyte', count=n * 28 * 28).reshape((n, 28 * 28)).astype('float32')
images = images / 255.0 * 2.0 - 1.0
labels = numpy.fromfile(l, 'ubyte', count=n).astype("int")
for i in xrange(n):
yield [images[i, :], labels[i]] # a single entry of data is created each time
yield images[i, :], labels[i] # a single entry of data is created each time
f.close()
# use python lambda to change image_provier into a function with no parameters.
provider = lambda : image_provier("/path/to/data/")
paddle.train(provider, ["image", "label"], ...)
# use python lambda to change image_reader into a function with no parameters.
reader = lambda : image_reader("/path/to/image_file", "/path/to/label_file")
paddle.train(reader, {"image":0, "label":1}, ...)
```
### How is `paddle.train` implemented
......@@ -64,16 +128,14 @@ paddle.train(provider, ["image", "label"], ...)
An example implementation of paddle.train could be:
```python
def make_minibatch_generator(reader, minibatch_size):
def minibatch_decorater(reader, minibatch_size):
buf = [reader.next() for x in xrange(minibatch_size)]
while len(buf) > 0:
yield buf
buf = [reader.next() for x in xrange(minibatch_size)]
def train(provider, mapping, batch_size, total_pass):
def train(reader, mapping, batch_size, total_pass):
for pass_idx in range(total_pass):
for mini_batch in make_minibatch_generator(provider(pass_idx)): # this loop will never end in online learning.
for mini_batch in minibatch_decorater(reader()): # this loop will never end in online learning.
do_forward_backward(mini_batch, mapping)
```
This is just an example implementation, more complicated logic like data prefetch could be implemented.
Markdown is supported
0% .
You are about to add 0 people to the discussion. Proceed with caution.
先完成此消息的编辑!
想要评论请 注册