Update code and resolve conflicts.

benchmark/paddle/image/vgg.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ define_py_data_sources2(
 
 settings(
     batch_size=batch_size,
-    learning_rate=0.01 / batch_size,
+    learning_rate=0.001 / batch_size,
     learning_method=MomentumOptimizer(0.9),
     regularization=L2Regularization(0.0005 * batch_size))
 

cmake/external/mkldnn.cmake

@@ -46,16 +46,20 @@ IF(${CBLAS_PROVIDER} STREQUAL "MKLML")
     MESSAGE(STATUS "Build MKLDNN with ${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}")
 ENDIF()
 
+SET(MKLDNN_CFLAG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-error=strict-overflow")
+SET(MKLDNN_CXXFLAG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-error=strict-overflow")
 ExternalProject_Add(
     ${MKLDNN_PROJECT}
     ${EXTERNAL_PROJECT_LOG_ARGS}
     DEPENDS             ${MKLDNN_DEPENDS}
     GIT_REPOSITORY      "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn.git"
-    GIT_TAG             "v0.10"
+    GIT_TAG             "v0.11"
     PREFIX              ${MKLDNN_SOURCES_DIR}
     UPDATE_COMMAND      ""
     CMAKE_ARGS          -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=${MKLDNN_INSTALL_DIR}
     CMAKE_ARGS          -DMKLROOT=${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}
+    CMAKE_ARGS          -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=${MKLDNN_CFLAG}
+    CMAKE_ARGS          -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=${MKLDNN_CXXFLAG}
     CMAKE_CACHE_ARGS    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=${MKLDNN_INSTALL_DIR}
                         -DMKLROOT:PATH=${MKLDNN_MKLROOT}
 )

cmake/external/mklml.cmake

@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ ENDIF()
 INCLUDE(ExternalProject)
 
 SET(MKLML_PROJECT       "extern_mklml")
-SET(MKLML_VER           "mklml_lnx_2018.0.20170720")
-SET(MKLML_URL           "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/releases/download/v0.10/${MKLML_VER}.tgz")
+SET(MKLML_VER           "mklml_lnx_2018.0.1.20171007")
+SET(MKLML_URL           "https://github.com/01org/mkl-dnn/releases/download/v0.11/${MKLML_VER}.tgz")
 SET(MKLML_SOURCE_DIR    "${THIRD_PARTY_PATH}/mklml")
 SET(MKLML_DOWNLOAD_DIR  "${MKLML_SOURCE_DIR}/src/${MKLML_PROJECT}")
 SET(MKLML_DST_DIR       "mklml")

doc/api/v2/data.rst

@@ -2,112 +2,9 @@
 Data Reader Interface and DataSets
 ==================================
 
+..  toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
 
-DataTypes
-=========
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_type
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-DataFeeder
-==========
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_feeder
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-Reader
-======
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader.creator
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-minibatch
-=========
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.minibatch
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-Dataset
-=======
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-mnist
-+++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.mnist
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-cifar
-+++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.cifar
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-conll05
-+++++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.conll05
-    :members: get_dict,get_embedding,test
-    :noindex:
-
-imdb
-++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imdb
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-imikolov
-++++++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imikolov
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-movielens
-+++++++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-..  autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.MovieInfo
-    :noindex:
-    
-..  autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.UserInfo
-    :noindex:
-
-sentiment
-+++++++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.sentiment
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-uci_housing
-+++++++++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.uci_housing
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
-wmt14
-+++++
-
-..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.wmt14
-    :members:
-    :noindex:
-
+    data/data_reader.rst
+    data/image.rst
+    data/dataset.rst

doc/api/v2/data/data_reader.rst

+=====================
+Data Reader Interface
+=====================
+
+
+DataTypes
+=========
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_type
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+DataFeeder
+==========
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.data_feeder
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+Reader
+======
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.reader.creator
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+minibatch
+=========
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.minibatch
+    :members:
+    :noindex:

doc/api/v2/data/dataset.rst

+Dataset
+=======
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+mnist
++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.mnist
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+cifar
++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.cifar
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+conll05
++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.conll05
+    :members: get_dict,get_embedding,test
+    :noindex:
+
+imdb
+++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imdb
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+imikolov
+++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.imikolov
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+movielens
++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+..  autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.MovieInfo
+    :noindex:
+    
+..  autoclass:: paddle.v2.dataset.movielens.UserInfo
+    :noindex:
+
+sentiment
++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.sentiment
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+uci_housing
++++++++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.uci_housing
+    :members:
+    :noindex:
+
+wmt14
++++++
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.dataset.wmt14
+    :members:
+    :noindex:

doc/api/v2/data/image.rst

+Image Interface
+===============
+
+..  automodule:: paddle.v2.image
+    :members:

doc/design/ops/sequence_decoder.md

+# Design: Sequence Decoder Generating LoDTensors
+In tasks such as machine translation and image to text, 
+a [sequence decoder](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book/blob/develop/08.machine_translation/README.md) is necessary to generate sequences.
+
+This documentation describes how to implement the sequence decoder as an operator.
+
+## Beam Search based Decoder
+The [beam search algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_search) is necessary when generating sequences, 
+it is a heuristic search algorithm that explores the paths by expanding the most promising node in a limited set.
+
+In the old version of PaddlePaddle, a C++ class `RecurrentGradientMachine` implements the general sequence decoder based on beam search, 
+due to the complexity, the implementation relays on a lot of special data structures, 
+quite trivial and hard to be customized by users.
+
+There are a lot of heuristic tricks in the sequence generation tasks, 
+so the flexibility of sequence decoder is very important to users.
+
+During PaddlePaddle's refactoring work,
+some new concept is proposed such as [LoDTensor](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/paddle/framework/lod_tensor.md) and [TensorArray](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/doc/design/tensor_array.md) that can better support sequence usage,
+and they can help to make the implementation of beam search based sequence decoder **more transparent and modular** .
+
+For example, the RNN sates, candidates IDs and probabilities of beam search can be represented as `LoDTensors`;
+the selected candidate's IDs in each time step can be stored in a `TensorArray`, and `Packed` to the sentences translated.
+
+## Changing LoD's absolute offset to relative offsets
+The current `LoDTensor` is designed to store levels of variable-length sequences,
+it stores several arrays of integers each represents a level.
+
+The integers in each level represents the begin and end (not inclusive) offset of a sequence **in the underlying tensor**, 
+let's call this format the **absolute-offset LoD** for clear.
+
+The relative-offset LoD can fast retrieve any sequence but fails to represent empty sequences, for example, a two-level LoD is as follows
+```python
+[[0, 3, 9]
+ [0, 2, 3, 3, 3, 9]]
+```
+The first level tells that there are two sequences:
+- the first's offset is `[0, 3)`
+- the second's offset is `[3, 9)`
+
+while on the second level, there are several empty sequences that both begin and end at `3`.
+It is impossible to tell how many empty second-level sequences exist in the first-level sequences.
+
+There are many scenarios that relay on empty sequence representation,
+such as machine translation or image to text, one instance has no translations or the empty candidate set for a prefix.
+
+So let's introduce another format of LoD, 
+it stores **the offsets of the lower level sequences** and is called **relative-offset** LoD.
+
+For example, to represent the same sequences of the above data
+
+```python
+[[0, 3, 6]
+ [0, 2, 3, 3, 3, 9]]
+```
+
+the first level represents that there are two sequences, 
+their offsets in the second-level LoD is `[0, 3)` and `[3, 5)`.
+
+The second level is the same with the relative offset example because the lower level is a tensor.
+It is easy to find out the second sequence in the first-level LoD has two empty sequences.
+
+The following demos are based on relative-offset LoD.
+
+## Usage in a simple machine translation model
+Let's start from a simple machine translation model that is simplified from [machine translation chapter](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book/tree/develop/08.machine_translation) to draw a simple blueprint of what a sequence decoder can do and how to use it.
+
+The model has an encoder that learns the semantic vector from a sequence,
+and a decoder which uses the sequence decoder to generate new sentences.
+
+**Encoder**
+```python
+import paddle as pd
+
+dict_size = 8000
+source_dict_size = dict_size
+target_dict_size = dict_size
+word_vector_dim = 128
+encoder_dim = 128
+decoder_dim = 128
+beam_size = 5
+max_length = 120
+
+# encoder
+src_word_id = pd.data(
+    name='source_language_word',
+    type=pd.data.integer_value_sequence(source_dict_dim))
+src_embedding = pd.embedding(size=source_dict_size, size=word_vector_dim)
+
+src_word_vec = pd.lookup(src_embedding, src_word_id)
+
+encoder_out_seq = pd.gru(input=src_word_vec, size=encoder_dim)
+
+encoder_ctx = pd.last_seq(encoder_out_seq)
+# encoder_ctx_proj is the learned semantic vector
+encoder_ctx_proj = pd.fc(
+    encoder_ctx, size=decoder_dim, act=pd.activation.Tanh(), bias=None)
+```
+
+**Decoder**
+
+```python
+def generate():
+    decoder = pd.while_loop()
+    with decoder.step():
+        decoder_mem = decoder.memory(init=encoder_ctx)  # mark the memory
+        generated_ids = decoder.memory() # TODO init to batch_size <s>s
+        generated_scores = decoder.memory() # TODO init to batch_size 1s or 0s
+
+        target_word = pd.lookup(trg_embedding, gendrated_ids)
+        # expand encoder_ctx's batch to fit target_word's lod
+        # for example
+        # decoder_mem.lod is
+        # [[0 1 3],
+        #  [0 1 3 6]]
+        # its tensor content is [a1 a2 a3 a4 a5]
+        # which means there are 2 sentences to translate
+        #   - the first sentence has 1 translation prefixes, the offsets are [0, 1)
+        #   - the second sentence has 2 translation prefixes, the offsets are [1, 3) and [3, 6)
+        # the target_word.lod is 
+        # [[0, 1, 6]
+        #  [0, 2, 4, 7, 9 12]]
+        # which means 2 sentences to translate, each has 1 and 5 prefixes
+        # the first prefix has 2 candidates
+        # the following has 2, 3, 2, 3 candidates
+        # the encoder_ctx_expanded's content will be
+        # [a1 a1 a2 a2 a3 a3 a3 a4 a4 a5 a5 a5]
+        encoder_ctx_expanded = pd.lod_expand(encoder_ctx, target_word)
+        decoder_input = pd.fc(
+            act=pd.activation.Linear(),
+            input=[target_word, encoder_ctx],
+            size=3 * decoder_dim)
+        gru_out, cur_mem = pd.gru_step(
+            decoder_input, mem=decoder_mem, size=decoder_dim)
+        scores = pd.fc(
+            gru_out,
+            size=trg_dic_size,
+            bias=None,
+            act=pd.activation.Softmax())
+        # K is an config
+        topk_scores, topk_ids = pd.top_k(scores, K)
+        topk_generated_scores = pd.add_scalar(topk_scores, generated_scores)
+
+        selected_ids, selected_generation_scores = decoder.beam_search(
+            topk_ids, topk_generated_scores)
+
+        # update the states
+        decoder_mem.update(cur_mem)  # tells how to update state
+        generated_ids.update(selected_ids)
+        generated_scores.update(selected_generation_scores)
+
+        decoder.output(selected_ids)
+        decoder.output(selected_generation_scores)
+
+translation_ids, translation_scores = decoder()
+```
+The `decoder.beam_search` is a operator that given the candidates and the scores of translations including the candidates,
+return the result of the beam search algorithm.
+
+In this way, users can customize anything on the inputs or outputs of beam search, for example, two ways to prune some translation prefixes
+
+1. meke the correspondind elements in `topk_generated_scores` zero or some small values, beam_search will discard this candidate.
+2. remove some specific candidate in `selected_ids`
+3. get the final `translation_ids`, remove the translation sequence in it.
+
+The implementation of sequence decoder can reuse the C++ class [RNNAlgorithm](https://github.com/Superjom/Paddle/blob/68cac3c0f8451fe62a4cdf156747d6dc0ee000b3/paddle/operators/dynamic_recurrent_op.h#L30),
+so the python syntax is quite similar to a [RNN](https://github.com/Superjom/Paddle/blob/68cac3c0f8451fe62a4cdf156747d6dc0ee000b3/doc/design/block.md#blocks-with-for-and-rnnop).
+
+Both of them are two-level `LoDTensors`
+
+- the first level represents `batch_size` of (source) sentences;
+- the second level represents the candidate ID sets for translation prefix.
+
+for example, 3 source sentences to translate, and has 2, 3, 1 candidates.
+
+Unlike an RNN, in sequence decoder, the previous state and the current state have different LoD and shape,
+a `lod_expand` operator is used to expand the LoD of the previous state to fit the current state.
+
+For example, the previous state
+
+* LoD is `[0, 1, 3][0, 2, 5, 6]`
+* content of tensor is `a1 a2 b1 b2 b3 c1`
+
+the current state stored in `encoder_ctx_expanded`
+
+* LoD is `[0, 2, 7][0 3 5 8 9 11 11]`
+* the content is 
+  - a1 a1 a1 (a1 has 3 candidates, so the state should be copied 3 times for each candidates)
+  - a2 a2
+  - b1 b1 b1
+  - b2
+  - b3 b3
+  - None (c1 has 0 candidates, so c1 is dropped)
+
+Benefit from the relative offset LoD, empty candidate set can be represented naturally.
+
+the status in each time step can be stored in `TensorArray`, and `Pack`ed to a final LoDTensor, the corresponding syntax is 
+
+```python
+decoder.output(selected_ids)
+decoder.output(selected_generation_scores)
+```
+
+the `selected_ids` is the candidate ids for the prefixes, 
+it will be `Packed` by `TensorArray` to a two-level `LoDTensor`,
+the first level represents the source sequences,
+the second level represents generated sequences.
+
+Pack the `selected_scores` will get a `LoDTensor` that stores scores of each candidate of translations.
+
+Pack the `selected_generation_scores` will get a `LoDTensor`, and each tail is the probability of the translation.
+
+## LoD and shape changes during decoding
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="./images/LOD-and-shape-changes-during-decoding.jpg"/>
+</p>
+
+According the image above, the only phrase to change LoD is beam search.
+
+## Beam search design
+The beam search algorthm will be implemented as one method of the sequence decoder, it has 3 inputs
+
+1. `topk_ids`, top K candidate ids for each prefix.
+2. `topk_scores`, the corresponding scores for `topk_ids`
+3. `generated_scores`, the score of the prefixes.
+
+All of the are LoDTensors, so that the sequence affilication is clear.
+Beam search will keep a beam for each prefix and select a smaller candidate set for each prefix.
+
+It will return three variables
+
+1. `selected_ids`, the final candidate beam search function selected for the next step.
+2. `selected_scores`, the scores for the candidates.
+3. `generated_scores`, the updated scores for each prefixes (with the new candidates appended).
+
+## Introducing the LoD-based `Pack` and `Unpack` methods in `TensorArray`
+The `selected_ids`, `selected_scores` and `generated_scores` are LoDTensors,
+and they exist in each time step,
+so it is natural to store them in arrays.
+
+Currently, PaddlePaddle has a module called `TensorArray` which can store an array of tensors,
+the results of beam search are better to store in a `TensorArray`.
+
+The `Pack` and `UnPack` in `TensorArray` are used to package tensors in the array to a `LoDTensor` or split the `LoDTensor` to an array of tensors. 
+It needs some extensions to support pack or unpack an array of `LoDTensors`.

paddle/framework/backward_test.cc

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "paddle/framework/var_desc.h"
 #include "paddle/operators/net_op.h"
 
-USE_OP(fill_constant);
+USE_NO_KERNEL_OP(fill_constant);
 
 namespace paddle {
 namespace framework {

paddle/framework/data_type.h

@@ -34,6 +34,21 @@ inline DataType ToDataType(std::type_index type) {
   }
 }
 
+inline std::type_index ToTypeIndex(DataType type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case DataType::FP32:
+      return typeid(float);
+    case DataType::FP64:
+      return typeid(double);
+    case DataType::INT32:
+      return typeid(int);
+    case DataType::INT64:
+      return typeid(int64_t);
+    default:
+      PADDLE_THROW("Not support type %d", type);
+  }
+}
+
 template <typename Visitor>
 inline void VisitDataType(DataType type, Visitor visitor) {
   switch (type) {

paddle/framework/ddim.cc

@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ DDim make_ddim(const std::vector<int64_t>& dims) {
   return result;
 }
 
+DDim make_ddim(const std::vector<int>& dims) {
+  std::vector<int64_t> res(dims.size());
+  std::transform(dims.begin(), dims.end(), res.begin(),
+                 [](int d) { return static_cast<int64_t>(d); });
+  return make_ddim(res);
+}
+
 /// @cond HIDDEN
 // XXX For some reason, putting this in an anonymous namespace causes errors
 class DynamicMutableIndexer : public boost::static_visitor<int64_t&> {

paddle/framework/ddim.h

@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ struct DDim {
  */
 DDim make_ddim(const std::vector<int64_t>& dims);
 
+DDim make_ddim(const std::vector<int>& dims);
+
 /**
  * \brief Make a DDim from an initializer list
  *

paddle/function/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ if(WITH_GPU)
     add_simple_unittest(BlockExpandOpTest)
     add_simple_unittest(CropOpTest)
     add_simple_unittest(SwitchOpTest)
+    add_simple_unittest(ScaleSubRegionOpTest)
 endif()
 
 add_simple_unittest(Im2ColTest)

paddle/function/FunctionTest.h

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ public:
         function2_(FunctionBase::funcRegistrar_.createByType(name2)) {
     function1_->init(config);
     function2_->init(config);
+    initArgsCallback_ = nullptr;
   }
 
   ~Compare2Function() {}
@@ -170,6 +171,10 @@ public:
                                       *seq2_));
   }
 
+  void registerInitCallback(std::function<void(BufferArg&, size_t)> callback) {
+    initArgsCallback_ = callback;
+  }
+
   // output need only contains shape, do not contains data.
   void addOutputs(const BufferArg& output, ArgType argType = ASSIGN_TO) {
     size_t size =
@@ -340,6 +345,10 @@ protected:
         initArg(*func1Inputs_[i]);
       }
 
+      if (initArgsCallback_ != nullptr) {
+        initArgsCallback_(*func1Inputs_[i], i);
+      }
+
       copyArg_(*func1Inputs_[i], *func2Inputs_[i]);
     }
   }
@@ -386,6 +395,7 @@ protected:
   std::shared_ptr<SequenceIdArg> seq1_;
   std::shared_ptr<SequenceIdArg> seq2_;
   test::CopyArgument<DType1, DType2> copyArg_;
+  std::function<void(BufferArg&, size_t)> initArgsCallback_;
 };
 
 class CpuGpuFuncCompare

paddle/function/ScaleSubRegionOp.cpp

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#include "ScaleSubRegionOp.h"
+#include "paddle/function/TensorShape.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+
+template <>
+void ScaleSubRegion<DEVICE_TYPE_CPU>(real* outputs,
+                                     const real* inputs,
+                                     const real* indices,
+                                     const TensorShape shape,
+                                     const FuncConfig& conf) {
+  real value = conf.get<real>("value");
+
+  int number = shape[0];
+  int channel = shape[1];
+  int height = shape[2];
+  int width = shape[3];
+
+  memcpy(outputs, inputs, number * channel * height * width * sizeof(real));
+
+  for (int n = 0; n < number; ++n) {
+    // indices start from 1
+    int offset = n * 6;
+    for (int c = indices[offset] - 1; c < indices[offset + 1]; ++c) {
+      for (int h = indices[offset + 2] - 1; h < indices[offset + 3]; ++h) {
+        for (int w = indices[offset + 4] - 1; w < indices[offset + 5]; ++w) {
+          int idx = ((n * channel + c) * height + h) * width + w;
+          outputs[idx] *= value;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <>
+void ScaleSubRegionGrad<DEVICE_TYPE_CPU>(const real* inGrad,
+                                         real* outGrad,
+                                         const real* indices,
+                                         const TensorShape shape,
+                                         const FuncConfig& conf) {
+  real value = conf.get<real>("value");
+
+  int number = shape[0];
+  int channel = shape[1];
+  int height = shape[2];
+  int width = shape[3];
+
+  for (int n = 0; n < number; ++n) {
+    for (int c = 0; c < channel; ++c) {
+      for (int h = 0; h < height; ++h) {
+        for (int w = 0; w < width; ++w) {
+          int idx = ((n * channel + c) * height + h) * width + w;
+          int offset = n * 6;
+          if (c >= (indices[offset] - 1) && c <= (indices[offset + 1] - 1) &&
+              h >= (indices[offset + 2] - 1) &&
+              h <= (indices[offset + 3] - 1) &&
+              w >= (indices[offset + 4] - 1) &&
+              w <= (indices[offset + 5] - 1)) {
+            outGrad[idx] += inGrad[idx] * value;
+          } else {
+            outGrad[idx] += inGrad[idx];
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * \brief For each instance, ScaleSubRegion can be used to multiply a value to
+ *        a specified sub continuous region. By providing start index and end
+ *        index for C/H/W, you can specify the location and shape of the region.
+ *
+ * Argument in this Function:
+ * \param inputs    A 4-D tensor with shape [N, C, H, W], only one input.
+ * \param indices   A 2-D tensor with shape [N, 6], indicates the sub region.
+ * \param outputs   A 4-D tensor with same shape as inputs, output value.
+ */
+template <DeviceType Device>
+class ScaleSubRegionFunc : public FunctionBase {
+public:
+  void init(const FuncConfig& config) override { conf_ = config; }
+
+  void calc(const BufferArgs& inputs, const BufferArgs& outputs) override {
+    CHECK_EQ(2UL, inputs.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(1UL, outputs.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(outputs[0].getArgType(), ASSIGN_TO);
+
+    TensorShape shape = inputs[0].shape();
+
+    ScaleSubRegion<Device>(outputs[0].data<real>(),
+                           inputs[0].data<real>(),
+                           inputs[1].data<real>(),
+                           shape,
+                           conf_);
+  }
+
+private:
+  FuncConfig conf_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * \brief The backward propagation of ScaleSubRegion Function.
+ *
+ * Argument in this Function:
+ * \param inputs  A 4-D tensor with shape [N, C, H, W], output gradient.
+ * \param indices A 2-D tensor with shape [N, 6], indicates the sub region.
+ * \param outputs A 4-D tensor with shape [N, C, H, W], gradient of input value.
+ */
+
+template <DeviceType Device>
+class ScaleSubRegionGradFunc : public FunctionBase {
+public:
+  void init(const FuncConfig& config) override { conf_ = config; }
+
+  void calc(const BufferArgs& inputs, const BufferArgs& outputs) override {
+    CHECK_EQ(2UL, inputs.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(1UL, outputs.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(outputs[0].getArgType(), ADD_TO);
+
+    TensorShape shape = inputs[0].shape();
+
+    ScaleSubRegionGrad<Device>(inputs[0].data<real>(),
+                               outputs[0].data<real>(),
+                               inputs[1].data<real>(),
+                               shape,
+                               conf_);
+  }
+
+private:
+  FuncConfig conf_;
+};
+
+REGISTER_TYPED_FUNC(ScaleSubRegion, CPU, ScaleSubRegionFunc);
+REGISTER_TYPED_FUNC(ScaleSubRegionGrad, CPU, ScaleSubRegionGradFunc);
+#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
+REGISTER_TYPED_FUNC(ScaleSubRegion, GPU, ScaleSubRegionFunc);
+REGISTER_TYPED_FUNC(ScaleSubRegionGrad, GPU, ScaleSubRegionGradFunc);
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/function/ScaleSubRegionOp.h

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Function.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+
+/**
+ * \brief Function to multiply a value to values in specified sub continuous
+ *        region. Indices must be provided to indcate the location and shape of
+ *        the region and the multiplied value is passed by configure variable.
+ *
+ *
+ * \param[out] outputs  Output value.
+ * \param[in]  inputs   Input data which contains NCHW information.
+ * \param[in]  indices  Indices data to indcate the sub region.
+ * \param[in]  shape    Tensor shape of input value.
+ * \param[in]  conf     Configure variable which contains the multiplied value.
+ */
+template <DeviceType Device>
+void ScaleSubRegion(real* outputs,
+                    const real* inputs,
+                    const real* indices,
+                    const TensorShape shape,
+                    const FuncConfig& conf);
+
+/**
+ * \brief Backward propagation function of ScaleSubRegion.
+ *
+ * \param[out] inGrad   Gradients of previous layer.
+ * \param[in]  outGrad  Output gradient.
+ * \param[in]  indices  Indices data.
+ * \param[in]  shape    The Shape of input tensor.
+ * \param[in]  conf     Configure variable.
+ */
+template <DeviceType Device>
+void ScaleSubRegionGrad(const real* inGrad,
+                        real* outGrad,
+                        const real* indices,
+                        const TensorShape shape,
+                        const FuncConfig& conf);
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/function/ScaleSubRegionOpGpu.cu

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#include "ScaleSubRegionOp.h"
+#include "hl_base.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+
+__global__ void KeScaleSubRegion(real* outputs,
+                                 const real* inputs,
+                                 const real* indices,
+                                 real value,
+                                 int channel,
+                                 int height,
+                                 int width,
+                                 int nthreads) {
+  const int idx = threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x;
+  if (idx < nthreads) {
+    const int w = idx % width;
+    const int h = (idx / width) % height;
+    const int c = (idx / width / height) % channel;
+    const int n = idx / width / height / channel;
+
+    const int offset = n * 6;
+    if (c >= (indices[offset] - 1) && c <= (indices[offset + 1] - 1) &&
+        h >= (indices[offset + 2] - 1) && h <= (indices[offset + 3] - 1) &&
+        w >= (indices[offset + 4] - 1) && w <= (indices[offset + 5] - 1)) {
+      outputs[idx] = inputs[idx] * value;
+    } else {
+      outputs[idx] = inputs[idx];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <>
+void ScaleSubRegion<DEVICE_TYPE_GPU>(real* outputs,
+                                     const real* inputs,
+                                     const real* indices,
+                                     const TensorShape shape,
+                                     const FuncConfig& conf) {
+  real value = conf.get<real>("value");
+
+  int number = shape[0];
+  int channel = shape[1];
+  int height = shape[2];
+  int width = shape[3];
+
+  size_t nth = number * channel * height * width;
+  int blockSize = 1024;
+  int gridSize = (nth + blockSize - 1) / blockSize;
+
+  KeScaleSubRegion<<<gridSize, blockSize, 0, STREAM_DEFAULT>>>(
+      outputs, inputs, indices, value, channel, height, width, nth);
+  CHECK_SYNC("ScaleSubRegion");
+}
+
+__global__ void KeScaleSubRegionDiff(const real* inGrad,
+                                     real* outGrad,
+                                     const real* indices,
+                                     real value,
+                                     int channel,
+                                     int height,
+                                     int width,
+                                     int nthreads) {
+  const int idx = threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x;
+  if (idx < nthreads) {
+    const int w = idx % width;
+    const int h = (idx / width) % height;
+    const int c = (idx / width / height) % channel;
+    const int n = idx / width / height / channel;
+
+    const int offset = n * 6;
+    if (c >= (indices[offset] - 1) && c <= (indices[offset + 1] - 1) &&
+        h >= (indices[offset + 2] - 1) && h <= (indices[offset + 3] - 1) &&
+        w >= (indices[offset + 4] - 1) && w <= (indices[offset + 5] - 1)) {
+      outGrad[idx] += inGrad[idx] * value;
+    } else {
+      outGrad[idx] += inGrad[idx];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <>
+void ScaleSubRegionGrad<DEVICE_TYPE_GPU>(const real* inGrad,
+                                         real* outGrad,
+                                         const real* indices,
+                                         const TensorShape shape,
+                                         const FuncConfig& conf) {
+  real value = conf.get<real>("value");
+
+  int number = shape[0];
+  int channel = shape[1];
+  int height = shape[2];
+  int width = shape[3];
+
+  size_t nth = number * channel * height * width;
+  int blockSize = 1024;
+  int gridSize = (nth + blockSize - 1) / blockSize;
+
+  KeScaleSubRegionDiff<<<gridSize, blockSize, 0, STREAM_DEFAULT>>>(
+      inGrad, outGrad, indices, value, channel, height, width, nth);
+  CHECK_SYNC("ScaleSubRegionGrad");
+}
+
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/function/ScaleSubRegionOpTest.cpp

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include "FunctionTest.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+
+TEST(ScaleSubRegion, real) {
+  for (size_t numSamples : {5, 32}) {
+    for (size_t channels : {5, 32}) {
+      for (size_t imgSizeH : {5, 33}) {
+        for (size_t imgSizeW : {5, 32}) {
+          for (real value : {-0.5, 0.0, 0.5}) {
+            for (bool firstHalf : {false, true}) {
+              VLOG(3) << " numSamples=" << numSamples
+                      << " channels=" << channels << " imgSizeH=" << imgSizeH
+                      << " imgSizeW=" << imgSizeW;
+
+              for (bool testGrad : {false, true}) {
+                CpuGpuFuncCompare compare(
+                    testGrad ? "ScaleSubRegionGrad" : "ScaleSubRegion",
+                    FuncConfig().set<real>("value", value));
+
+                TensorShape shape{numSamples, channels, imgSizeH, imgSizeW};
+                TensorShape indicesShape{numSamples, 6};
+
+                compare.addInputs(BufferArg(VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT, shape));
+                compare.addInputs(BufferArg(VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT, indicesShape));
+
+                compare.registerInitCallback([=](BufferArg& arg, size_t index) {
+                  if (index == 1) {
+                    real* data = (real*)arg.data();
+
+                    for (size_t i = 0; i < numSamples; ++i) {
+                      size_t offset = i * 6;
+                      data[offset] = firstHalf ? 1 : channels / 2;
+                      data[offset + 1] = firstHalf ? channels / 2 : channels;
+                      data[offset + 2] = firstHalf ? 1 : imgSizeH / 2;
+                      data[offset + 3] = firstHalf ? imgSizeH / 2 : imgSizeH;
+                      data[offset + 4] = firstHalf ? 1 : imgSizeW / 2;
+                      data[offset + 5] = firstHalf ? imgSizeW / 2 : imgSizeW;
+                    }
+                  }
+                });
+
+                compare.addOutputs(
+                    BufferArg(
+                        VALUE_TYPE_FLOAT, shape, testGrad ? ADD_TO : ASSIGN_TO),
+                    testGrad ? ADD_TO : ASSIGN_TO);
+                compare.run();
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/gserver/layers/MKLDNNAddtoLayer.cpp

@@ -62,16 +62,14 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwd(std::vector<primitive>& pipeline,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& wgt,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
-  if (biases_) {
-    LOG(FATAL) << "not implemented yet";
-  }
-  resetFwdBuffers(inVals_, out);
+  resetFwdBuffers(inVals_, bias, out);
   in = inVals_[0];
 
   std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc> fwdPD;
-  resetFwdPD(fwdPD, inVals_, out);
+  std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc> biasPD;
+  resetFwdPD(fwdPD, biasPD, inVals_, bias, out);
 
-  resetFwdPipeline(pipeline, fwdPD, inVals_, out);
+  resetFwdPipeline(pipeline, fwdPD, biasPD, inVals_, bias, out);
 }
 
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetBwd(std::vector<primitive>& pipeline,
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetBwd(std::vector<primitive>& pipeline,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& wgt,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                                 MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
-  resetBwdBuffers(inGrads_, out);
+  resetBwdBuffers(inGrads_, bias, out);
   in = inGrads_[0];
 
   // backward only need share output grad to input grad
@@ -89,6 +87,20 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetBwd(std::vector<primitive>& pipeline,
       inputLayers_[i]->getOutputGrad()->setData(inGrads_[i]->getData());
     }
   }
+
+  // backward bias
+  bwdBias_ = nullptr;
+  if (bias) {
+    std::vector<float> scales(bs_, 1.0);
+    std::vector<memory::primitive_desc> srcPDs(bs_, bias->getPrimitiveDesc());
+    auto biasPD = sum::primitive_desc(bias->getMemoryDesc(), scales, srcPDs);
+    std::vector<primitive::at> srcs;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < grads_.size(); ++i) {
+      srcs.push_back(*(grads_[i]));
+    }
+    bwdBias_.reset(new sum(biasPD, srcs, *bias));
+    pipeline.push_back(*bwdBias_);
+  }
 }
 
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::updateWeights(const UpdateCallback& callback) {
@@ -97,7 +109,25 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::updateWeights(const UpdateCallback& callback) {
   }
 }
 
+void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::prepareBias(MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
+                                   const MatrixPtr& biasMat,
+                                   const MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out,
+                                   std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& outs) {
+  auto pd = MKLDNNMatrix::createPrimitiveDesc(
+      {(int)layerSize_}, memory::format::x, engine_);
+  bias = MKLDNNMatrix::create(pd, biasMat);
+  outs.clear();
+  real* data = out->getData();
+  CHECK_EQ(bs_ * layerSize_, out->getElementCnt());
+  for (int i = 0; i < bs_; ++i) {
+    MatrixPtr tmp =
+        Matrix::create(data + i * layerSize_, 1, layerSize_, false, false);
+    outs.push_back(MKLDNNMatrix::create(bias->getPrimitiveDesc(), tmp));
+  }
+}
+
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                                       MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                                        MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
   inputs.resize(inputLayers_.size());
   for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); i++) {
@@ -110,12 +140,20 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
   }
 
   resetOutValue(out, inputs[0]->getPrimitiveDesc());
+
+  if (biases_ && biases_->getW()) {
+    prepareBias(bias, biases_->getW(), out, vals_);
+  } else {
+    bias = nullptr;
+  }
 }
 
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdPD(std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc>& pd,
+                                  std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc>& biasPD,
                                   std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                                  MKLDNNMatrixPtr bias,
                                   MKLDNNMatrixPtr out) {
-  std::vector<double> scales(inputs.size(), 1.0);
+  std::vector<float> scales(inputs.size(), 1.0);
   std::vector<memory::primitive_desc> srcPDs;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); i++) {
     srcPDs.push_back(inputs[i]->getPrimitiveDesc());
@@ -123,12 +161,23 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdPD(std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc>& pd,
   CHECK(out);
   pd.reset(new sum::primitive_desc(out->getMemoryDesc(), scales, srcPDs));
   CHECK_PRIMITIVE_DESC_EQ(out, pd->dst_primitive_desc());
+
+  biasPD = nullptr;
+  if (bias) {
+    std::vector<float> scales(2, 1.0);
+    std::vector<memory::primitive_desc> srcPDs(2, bias->getPrimitiveDesc());
+    biasPD.reset(
+        new sum::primitive_desc(bias->getMemoryDesc(), scales, srcPDs));
+    CHECK_PRIMITIVE_DESC_EQ(bias, biasPD->dst_primitive_desc());
+  }
 }
 
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdPipeline(
     std::vector<primitive>& pipeline,
     std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc>& pd,
+    std::shared_ptr<sum::primitive_desc>& biasPD,
     std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+    MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
     MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
   std::vector<primitive::at> srcs;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); i++) {
@@ -136,9 +185,23 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetFwdPipeline(
   }
   fwd_.reset(new sum(*pd, srcs, *out));
   pipeline.push_back(*fwd_);
+
+  fwdBias_.clear();
+  if (biasPD == nullptr || bias == nullptr) {
+    return;
+  }
+  fwdBias_.resize(vals_.size());
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < vals_.size(); ++i) {
+    std::vector<primitive::at> srcs;
+    srcs.push_back(*(vals_[i]));
+    srcs.push_back(*bias);
+    fwdBias_[i].reset(new sum(*biasPD, srcs, *vals_[i]));
+    pipeline.push_back(*fwdBias_[i]);
+  }
 }
 
 void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetBwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                                       MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                                        MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
   CHECK(outVal_);
   resetOutGrad(out, outVal_->getPrimitiveDesc());
@@ -149,6 +212,12 @@ void MKLDNNAddtoLayer::resetBwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
     resetInGrad(inputs[i], inVal_->getPrimitiveDesc(), i);
     CHECK_PRIMITIVE_DESC_EQ(inputs[i], out->getPrimitiveDesc());
   }
+
+  if (biases_ && biases_->getWGrad()) {
+    prepareBias(bias, biases_->getWGrad(), out, grads_);
+  } else {
+    bias = nullptr;
+  }
 }
 
 }  // namespace paddle

paddle/gserver/layers/MKLDNNAddtoLayer.h

@@ -32,9 +32,15 @@ protected:
   // layer size == ic * ih * iw == oc * oh *ow, and can not be changed
   size_t layerSize_;
 
-  // TODO(TJ): this part has not been optimized by MKL-DNN
   std::unique_ptr<Weight> biases_;
 
+  // buffers for adding bias
+  std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr> vals_;
+  std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr> grads_;
+  // primitives for adding bias
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::primitive>> fwdBias_;
+  std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::primitive> bwdBias_;
+
 public:
   explicit MKLDNNAddtoLayer(const LayerConfig& config) : MKLDNNLayer(config) {}
 
@@ -91,20 +97,34 @@ protected:
    *                    reset pipeline.
    */
   void resetFwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                       MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                        MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out);
   void resetFwdPD(std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::sum::primitive_desc>& pd,
+                  std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::sum::primitive_desc>& biasPD,
                   std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                  MKLDNNMatrixPtr bias,
                   MKLDNNMatrixPtr out);
   void resetFwdPipeline(std::vector<mkldnn::primitive>& pipeline,
                         std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::sum::primitive_desc>& pd,
+                        std::shared_ptr<mkldnn::sum::primitive_desc>& biasPD,
                         std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                        MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                         MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out);
 
   /**
    * Backward functions: reset buffers(inputs, output, bias)
    */
   void resetBwdBuffers(std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& inputs,
+                       MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
                        MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out);
+
+  /**
+   * prepare for bias
+   */
+  void prepareBias(MKLDNNMatrixPtr& bias,
+                   const MatrixPtr& biasMat,
+                   const MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out,
+                   std::vector<MKLDNNMatrixPtr>& outs);
 };
 
 }  // namespace paddle

paddle/gserver/layers/MKLDNNLayer.cpp

@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ void MKLDNNLayer::resetMergeGrad(MKLDNNMatrixPtr& out) {
     return;
   }
   CHECK(out) << "should have reset internal ouput grad";
-  std::vector<double> scales(outputMap_.size(), 1.0);
+  std::vector<float> scales(outputMap_.size(), 1.0);
   std::vector<memory::primitive_desc> srcPDs;
   std::vector<primitive::at> srcs;
   for (auto it = outputMap_.begin(); it != outputMap_.end(); ++it) {

paddle/gserver/layers/ScaleSubRegionLayer.cpp

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#include "ScaleSubRegionLayer.h"
+#include "paddle/utils/Stat.h"
+namespace paddle {
+
+REGISTER_LAYER(scale_sub_region, ScaleSubRegionLayer);
+
+bool ScaleSubRegionLayer::init(const LayerMap& layerMap,
+                               const ParameterMap& parameterMap) {
+  Layer::init(layerMap, parameterMap);
+  CHECK_EQ(static_cast<int>(inputLayers_.size()), 2);
+  auto& conf = config_.inputs(0).scale_sub_region_conf();
+  value_ = conf.value();
+
+  createFunction(forward_, "ScaleSubRegion", FuncConfig().set("value", value_));
+  createFunction(
+      backward_, "ScaleSubRegionGrad", FuncConfig().set("value", value_));
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+void ScaleSubRegionLayer::forward(PassType passType) {
+  Layer::forward(passType);
+  auto in0 = getInput(0);
+  imgH_ = in0.getFrameHeight();
+  imgW_ = in0.getFrameWidth();
+  if (imgH_ == 0 || imgW_ == 0) {
+    auto& conf = config_.inputs(0).scale_sub_region_conf();
+    imgH_ = conf.image_conf().img_size_y();
+    imgW_ = conf.image_conf().img_size();
+  }
+  MatrixPtr imgV = in0.value;
+  size_t batchSize = imgV->getHeight();
+  size_t spatialSize = imgH_ * imgW_;
+  channelsNum_ = imgV->getWidth() / spatialSize;
+  shape_ = TensorShape({batchSize, channelsNum_, imgH_, imgW_});
+
+  resetOutput(batchSize, imgV->getWidth());
+  auto& out = getOutput();
+  out.setFrameHeight(imgH_);
+  out.setFrameWidth(imgW_);
+
+  MatrixPtr indicesV = getInputValue(1);
+  indicesShape_ = TensorShape({batchSize, 6});
+
+  REGISTER_TIMER_INFO("ScaleSubRegionForward", getName().c_str());
+  BufferArgs inArgs;
+  BufferArgs outArgs;
+  inArgs.addArg(*imgV, shape_);
+  inArgs.addArg(*indicesV, indicesShape_);
+  outArgs.addArg(*out.value, shape_, ASSIGN_TO);
+  forward_[0]->calc(inArgs, outArgs);
+}
+
+void ScaleSubRegionLayer::backward(const UpdateCallback& callback) {
+  REGISTER_TIMER_INFO("ScaleSubRegionBackward", getName().c_str());
+  BufferArgs inArgs;
+  BufferArgs outArgs;
+  inArgs.addArg(*getOutputGrad(), shape_);
+  inArgs.addArg(*getInputValue(1), indicesShape_);
+  outArgs.addArg(*getInputGrad(0), shape_, ADD_TO);
+  backward_[0]->calc(inArgs, outArgs);
+}
+
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/gserver/layers/ScaleSubRegionLayer.h

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License. */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Layer.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+
+/**
+ * \brief  For each instance, this layer can be used to multiply a value to a
+ *         specified sub continuous region. By providing start index and end
+ *         index for C/H/W, you can specify the location and shape of the
+ *         region.
+ *
+ *         input_0: Input value.
+ *         input_1: Indices value to specify the location an shape of the
+ *                  region.
+ */
+class ScaleSubRegionLayer : public Layer {
+public:
+  explicit ScaleSubRegionLayer(const LayerConfig& config) : Layer(config) {}
+
+  ~ScaleSubRegionLayer() {}
+
+  bool init(const LayerMap& layerMap, const ParameterMap& parameterMap);
+
+  void forward(PassType passType);
+
+  void backward(const UpdateCallback& callback = nullptr);
+
+protected:
+  TensorShape shape_;
+  TensorShape indicesShape_;
+  size_t imgH_;
+  size_t imgW_;
+  size_t channelsNum_;
+  real value_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/gserver/tests/test_LayerGrad.cpp

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ TEST(Operator, dot_mul) {
 TEST(Projection, context) {
   for (auto contextStart : {-5, -3, -1, 0, 3}) {
     for (auto contextLength : {1, 2, 5, 7}) {
-      for (auto batchSize : {1, 2, 5, 20, 50}) {
+      for (auto batchSize : {1, 2, 5, 20}) {
         for (auto trainablePadding : {false, true}) {
           LOG(INFO) << " contextStart=" << contextStart
                     << " contextLength=" << contextLength
@@ -585,14 +585,14 @@ TEST(Layer, maxoutLayer) {
 }
 void testFcLayer(string format, size_t nnz) {
   TestConfig config;
-  config.biasSize = 4096;
+  config.biasSize = 1024;
   config.layerConfig.set_type("fc");
-  config.layerConfig.set_size(4096);
+  config.layerConfig.set_size(1024);
   config.layerConfig.set_active_type("sigmoid");
   config.layerConfig.set_drop_rate(0.1);
 
   config.inputDefs.push_back(
-      {INPUT_DATA, "layer_0", 8192, nnz, ParaSparse(format)});
+      {INPUT_DATA, "layer_0", 2048, nnz, ParaSparse(format)});
   config.layerConfig.add_inputs();
 
   LOG(INFO) << config.inputDefs[0].sparse.sparse << " "
@@ -609,9 +609,9 @@ void testFcLayer(string format, size_t nnz) {
 }
 
 TEST(Layer, fcLayer) {
-  testFcLayer("", 4096 * 4096 * 2);
-  testFcLayer("csc", 4096 * 40);
-  testFcLayer("csr", 4096 * 40);
+  testFcLayer("", 1024 * 1024 * 2);
+  testFcLayer("csc", 1024 * 10);
+  testFcLayer("csr", 1024 * 10);
 }
 
 TEST(Layer, SelectiveFullyConnectedLayer) {
@@ -1995,7 +1995,7 @@ TEST(Layer, multibox_loss) {
 TEST(Layer, TransLayer) {
   TestConfig config;
   const int height = 128;
-  const int width = 1028;
+  const int width = 256;
   config.layerConfig.set_type("trans");
   config.layerConfig.set_size(width);
 
@@ -2358,6 +2358,38 @@ TEST(Layer, ScaleShiftLayer) {
   }
 }
 
+TEST(Layer, ScaleSubRegionLayer) {
+  const size_t batchSize = 64;
+  const size_t size = 4096;
+  TestConfig config;
+  config.layerConfig.set_type("scale_sub_region");
+  config.inputDefs.push_back({INPUT_DATA, "input", size, 0});
+  MatrixPtr indicesV = Matrix::create(batchSize, 6, false, false);
+  auto* data = indicesV->getData();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < batchSize; ++i) {
+    data[i * 2] = 2;
+    data[i * 2 + 1] = 4;
+    data[i * 2 + 2] = 16;
+    data[i * 2 + 3] = 32;
+    data[i * 2 + 4] = 16;
+    data[i * 2 + 5] = 32;
+  }
+  config.inputDefs.push_back({INPUT_SELF_DEFINE_DATA, "indices", indicesV, {}});
+  LayerInputConfig* input = config.layerConfig.add_inputs();
+  ScaleSubRegionConfig* scaleSubRegionConf =
+      input->mutable_scale_sub_region_conf();
+  ImageConfig* imgConf = scaleSubRegionConf->mutable_image_conf();
+  imgConf->set_img_size(32);
+  imgConf->set_img_size_y(32);
+  imgConf->set_channels(4);
+  scaleSubRegionConf->set_value(2.0);
+  config.layerConfig.add_inputs();
+
+  for (auto useGpu : {false, true}) {
+    testLayerGrad(config, "scale_sub_region", batchSize, false, useGpu, false);
+  }
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
   initMain(argc, argv);

paddle/gserver/tests/test_MKLDNN.cpp

@@ -300,13 +300,8 @@ void testAddtoLayer(const testImageDesc& pm, const size_t nInputs) {
   TestConfig dnnConfig;
   getAddtoConfig(dnnConfig, pm, nInputs);
   dnnConfig.layerConfig.set_type("mkldnn_addto");
-  // TODO(TJ): test with bias
-  for (auto withBias : {false}) {
-    if (withBias) {
-      dnnConfig.biasSize = pm.ic * pm.ih * pm.iw;
-    } else {
-      dnnConfig.biasSize = 0;
-    }
+  for (auto withBias : {false, true}) {
+    dnnConfig.biasSize = withBias ? pm.ic * pm.ih * pm.iw : 0;
     RUN_MKLDNN_TEST_LAYER(dnnConfig, "addto", pm)
   }
 }

paddle/math/tests/TensorCheck.h

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ void TensorCheck(AssertEq compare,
       count++;
     }
   }
-  EXPECT_EQ(count, 0) << "There are " << count << " different element.";
+  EXPECT_EQ(count, 0) << "There are " << count << " different elements.";
 }
 
 template <typename AssertEq, typename Tensor1, typename Tensor2>

paddle/operators/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -195,8 +195,13 @@ op_library(sequence_pool_op DEPS sequence_pooling)
 op_library(lstm_op DEPS sequence2batch lstm_compute)
 op_library(conv_transpose_op DEPS vol2col)
 op_library(gru_op DEPS sequence2batch gru_compute)
-op_library(dynamic_recurrent_op SRCS dynamic_recurrent_op.cc rnn/recurrent_op_utils.cc
-        DEPS net_op tensor_array)
+if(WITH_TESTING)
+    op_library(dynamic_recurrent_op SRCS dynamic_recurrent_op.cc rnn/recurrent_op_utils.cc
+        DEPS net_op tensor_array gtest)
+else()
+    op_library(dynamic_recurrent_op SRCS dynamic_recurrent_op.cc rnn/recurrent_op_utils.cc
+            DEPS net_op tensor_array)
+endif()
 op_library(recurrent_op SRCS recurrent_op.cc DEPS executor)
 
 list(REMOVE_ITEM GENERAL_OPS ${DEPS_OPS})

paddle/operators/accuracy_op.cu

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class AccuracyOpCUDAKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
 
     size_t num_samples = inference->dims()[0];
     size_t infer_width = inference->dims()[1];
-    cudaMemset((void**)&accuracy_data, 0, sizeof(float));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(cudaMemset(accuracy_data, 0, sizeof(float)));
 
     if (num_samples == 0) {
       return;

paddle/operators/array_operator.h

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License. */
+
+#pragma once
+#include "paddle/framework/lod_tensor_array.h"
+#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+namespace operators {
+class ArrayOp : public framework::OperatorBase {
+ public:
+  ArrayOp(const std::string &type, const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
+          const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
+          const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
+      : OperatorBase(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
+
+ protected:
+  size_t GetOffset(const framework::Scope &scope,
+                   const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const {
+    auto *i = scope.FindVar(Input("I"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(i != nullptr, "I must be set");
+    auto &i_tensor = i->Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(i_tensor.numel(), 1);
+    size_t offset;
+    if (platform::is_gpu_place(i_tensor.place())) {
+      // FIXME: Avoid copy from GPU to CPU
+      framework::Tensor t;
+      t.CopyFrom(i_tensor, platform::CPUPlace(), dev_ctx);
+      dev_ctx.Wait();
+      offset = static_cast<size_t>(*t.data<int64_t>());
+    } else {
+      offset = static_cast<size_t>(*i_tensor.data<int64_t>());
+    }
+    return offset;
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace operators
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/operators/array_to_lod_tensor_op.cc

@@ -140,6 +140,23 @@ class ArrayToLoDTensorInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
                    "ArrayToLoDTensorOp must has input X.");
     PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasInput("RankTable"),
                    "ArrayToLoDTensorOp must has input RankTable.");
+    context->SetOutputDim("Out", context->GetInputDim("X"));
+  }
+};
+
+class ArrayToLoDTensorGradMaker : public framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker {
+ public:
+  using framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker::SingleGradOpDescMaker;
+
+ protected:
+  std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind> Apply() const override {
+    auto *grad_op = new framework::OpDescBind();
+    grad_op->SetType("lod_tensor_to_array");
+    grad_op->SetInput("X", OutputGrad("Out"));
+    grad_op->SetInput("RankTable", Input("RankTable"));
+    grad_op->SetOutput("Out", InputGrad("X"));
+    grad_op->SetAttrMap(Attrs());
+    return std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind>(grad_op);
   }
 };
 
@@ -149,4 +166,5 @@ class ArrayToLoDTensorInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
 namespace ops = paddle::operators;
 REGISTER_OPERATOR(array_to_lod_tensor, ops::ArrayToLoDTensorOp,
                   ops::ArrayToLoDTensorOpProtoMaker,
-                  ops::ArrayToLoDTensorInferShape);
+                  ops::ArrayToLoDTensorInferShape,
+                  ops::ArrayToLoDTensorGradMaker);

paddle/operators/clip_by_norm_op.cc

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License. */
+
+#include "paddle/operators/clip_by_norm_op.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+namespace operators {
+
+class ClipByNormOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
+ public:
+  using framework::OperatorWithKernel::OperatorWithKernel;
+
+ protected:
+  void InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext* ctx) const override {
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasInput("X"),
+                   "Input(X) of ClipByNormOp should not be null.");
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput("Out"),
+                   "Output(Out) of ClipByNormOp should not be null.");
+    auto max_norm = ctx->Attrs().Get<float>("max_norm");
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_GT(max_norm, 0, "max_norm should be greater than 0.");
+    auto x_dims = ctx->GetInputDim("X");
+    ctx->SetOutputDim("Out", x_dims);
+    ctx->ShareLoD("X", /*->*/ "Out");
+  }
+};
+
+class ClipByNormOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
+ public:
+  ClipByNormOpMaker(framework::OpProto* proto,
+                    framework::OpAttrChecker* op_checker)
+      : OpProtoAndCheckerMaker(proto, op_checker) {
+    AddInput("X",
+             "(Tensor) The input of clip_by_norm op."
+             "The number of dimensions must be between [1, 9].");
+    AddOutput("Out",
+              "(Tensor) The output of clip_by_norm op with shape as input(X)");
+    AddAttr<float>("max_norm", "(float) The maximum norm value.");
+    AddComment(R"DOC(
+ClipByNorm operator limits the L2 norm of the input 'X' within 'max_norm'. 
+If the L2 norm of 'X' is less than or equal to 'max_norm', 'Out' will be 
+the same as 'X'. If the L2 norm of 'X' is greater than 'max_norm', 'X' will 
+be linearly scaled to make the L2 norm of 'Out' equal to 'max_norm', as 
+shown in the following formula：
+
+'Out' = 'max_norm' * 'X' / norm('X'),
+
+where norm('X') represents the L2 norm of 'X'.
+)DOC");
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace operators
+}  // namespace paddle
+
+namespace ops = paddle::operators;
+REGISTER_OP_WITHOUT_GRADIENT(clip_by_norm, ops::ClipByNormOp,
+                             ops::ClipByNormOpMaker);
+REGISTER_OP_CPU_KERNEL(
+    clip_by_norm, ops::ClipByNormKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, float>);

paddle/operators/fill_constant_op.cu → paddle/operators/clip_by_norm_op.cu

@@ -12,12 +12,8 @@
    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    limitations under the License. */
 
-#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
-#include "paddle/operators/fill_constant_op.h"
+#include "paddle/operators/clip_by_norm_op.h"
 
 namespace ops = paddle::operators;
 REGISTER_OP_GPU_KERNEL(
-    fill_constant, ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, float>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, double>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, int>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, int64_t>);
+    clip_by_norm, ops::ClipByNormKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, float>);

paddle/operators/clip_by_norm_op.h

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserve.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License. */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "paddle/framework/eigen.h"
+#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
+#include "paddle/platform/transform.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+namespace operators {
+
+using Tensor = framework::Tensor;
+template <typename T, int MajorType = Eigen::RowMajor,
+          typename IndexType = Eigen::DenseIndex>
+using EigenVector = framework::EigenVector<T, MajorType, IndexType>;
+
+template <typename Place, typename T>
+class ClipByNormKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
+ public:
+  void Compute(const framework::ExecutionContext& context) const override {
+    auto max_norm = context.Attr<T>("max_norm");
+    auto* input = context.Input<Tensor>("X");
+    auto* output = context.Output<Tensor>("Out");
+    output->mutable_data<T>(context.GetPlace());
+
+    auto x = EigenVector<T>::Flatten(*input);
+    auto out = EigenVector<T>::Flatten(*output);
+    auto x_norm = x.square().sum().sqrt();
+    auto place = context.GetEigenDevice<Place>();
+
+    auto temp = (x_norm <= max_norm).template cast<T>().eval();
+    auto scaling = temp + (static_cast<T>(1) - temp) * max_norm / x_norm;
+    Eigen::array<int, 1> one_dim{{1}};
+    Eigen::DSizes<int, 1> m_dsize(input->numel());
+    out.device(place) = x * scaling.reshape(one_dim).broadcast(m_dsize);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace operators
+}  // namespace paddle

paddle/operators/compare_op.cc

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "paddle/operators/compare_op.h"
 #include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
+
 namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
 template <typename OpComment>
@@ -61,19 +62,34 @@ class CompareOpInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
   }
 };
 
+class CompareOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
+ public:
+  using framework::OperatorWithKernel::OperatorWithKernel;
+
+ protected:
+  framework::OpKernelType GetKernelType(
+      const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
+    framework::OpKernelType kt = OperatorWithKernel::GetKernelType(ctx);
+    // CompareOp kernel's device type is decided by input tensor place
+    kt.place_ = ctx.Input<framework::LoDTensor>("X")->place();
+    return kt;
+  }
+};
+
 }  // namespace operators
 }  // namespace paddle
 
-#define REGISTER_LOGICAL_OP(op_type, _equation)                               \
-  struct _##op_type##Comment {                                                \
-    static char type[];                                                       \
-    static char equation[];                                                   \
-  };                                                                          \
-  char _##op_type##Comment::type[]{#op_type};                                 \
-  char _##op_type##Comment::equation[]{_equation};                            \
-  REGISTER_OP_WITH_KERNEL(                                                    \
-      op_type, ::paddle::operators::CompareOpProtoMaker<_##op_type##Comment>, \
-      ::paddle::operators::CompareOpInferShape<_##op_type##Comment>,          \
+#define REGISTER_LOGICAL_OP(op_type, _equation)                      \
+  struct _##op_type##Comment {                                       \
+    static char type[];                                              \
+    static char equation[];                                          \
+  };                                                                 \
+  char _##op_type##Comment::type[]{#op_type};                        \
+  char _##op_type##Comment::equation[]{_equation};                   \
+  REGISTER_OPERATOR(                                                 \
+      op_type, ::paddle::operators::CompareOp,                       \
+      ::paddle::operators::CompareOpProtoMaker<_##op_type##Comment>, \
+      ::paddle::operators::CompareOpInferShape<_##op_type##Comment>, \
       ::paddle::framework::EmptyGradOpMaker);
 
 REGISTER_LOGICAL_OP(less_than, "Out = X < Y");

paddle/operators/fill_constant_batch_size_like_op.cc

@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ class FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpMaker
               "with the specified value");
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("shape", "(vector<int>) The shape of the output");
     AddAttr<int>("input_dim_idx",
-                 "(int, default 0) the index of input's batch size dimension")
+                 "(int, default 0) The index of input's batch size dimension")
         .SetDefault(0);
     AddAttr<int>("output_dim_idx",
-                 "(int, default 0) the index of output's batch size dimension")
+                 "(int, default 0) The index of output's batch size dimension")
         .SetDefault(0);
     AddAttr<float>("value", "(float, default 0) The value to be filled")
         .SetDefault(0.0f);
@@ -100,5 +100,5 @@ REGISTER_OPERATOR(fill_constant_batch_size_like,
                   ops::FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpMaker);
 REGISTER_OP_CPU_KERNEL(
     fill_constant_batch_size_like,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, float>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, double>);
+    ops::FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, float>,
+    ops::FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, double>);

paddle/operators/fill_constant_batch_size_like_op.cu

@@ -18,5 +18,5 @@
 namespace ops = paddle::operators;
 REGISTER_OP_GPU_KERNEL(
     fill_constant_batch_size_like,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, float>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, double>);
+    ops::FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, float>,
+    ops::FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpKernel<paddle::platform::GPUPlace, double>);

paddle/operators/fill_constant_op.h → paddle/operators/fill_constant_batch_size_like_op.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
 
 template <typename Place, typename T>
-class FillConstantOpKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
+class FillConstantBatchSizeLikeOpKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
  public:
   void Compute(const framework::ExecutionContext& ctx) const override {
     auto* out = ctx.Output<framework::Tensor>("Out");

paddle/operators/fill_constant_op.cc

@@ -12,33 +12,41 @@ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License. */
 
-#include "paddle/operators/fill_constant_op.h"
+#include "paddle/framework/data_type.h"
+#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
+#include "paddle/operators/math/math_function.h"
 
 namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
 
-class FillConstantOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
+class FillConstantInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
  public:
-  using framework::OperatorWithKernel::OperatorWithKernel;
-
-  void InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const override {
+  void operator()(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const override {
     PADDLE_ENFORCE(ctx->HasOutput("Out"),
                    "Output(Out) of FillConstantOp should not be null.");
     auto &shape = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::vector<int>>("shape");
-    std::vector<int64_t> shape_int64(shape.size(), 0);
-    std::transform(shape.begin(), shape.end(), shape_int64.begin(),
-                   [](int a) { return static_cast<int64_t>(a); });
-    auto dims = framework::make_ddim(shape_int64);
-    ctx->SetOutputDim("Out", dims);
+    ctx->SetOutputDim("Out", framework::make_ddim(shape));
   }
+};
 
- protected:
-  framework::OpKernelType GetKernelType(
-      const framework::ExecutionContext &ctx) const override {
-    int data_type = ctx.Attr<int>("data_type");
-    VLOG(10) << " FillConstant data_type = " << data_type;
-    return framework::OpKernelType(static_cast<framework::DataType>(data_type),
-                                   ctx.device_context());
+class FillConstantOp : public framework::OperatorBase {
+ public:
+  using framework::OperatorBase::OperatorBase;
+  void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
+           const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {
+    auto data_type = static_cast<framework::DataType>(Attr<int>("data_type"));
+    auto value = Attr<float>("value");
+    auto force_cpu = Attr<bool>("force_cpu");
+    auto &out =
+        *scope.FindVar(Output("Out"))->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    out.Resize(framework::make_ddim(Attr<std::vector<int>>("shape")));
+    if (force_cpu) {
+      auto cpu = platform::CPUPlace();
+      out.mutable_data(cpu, framework::ToTypeIndex(data_type));
+    } else {
+      out.mutable_data(dev_ctx.GetPlace(), framework::ToTypeIndex(data_type));
+    }
+    math::set_constant(dev_ctx, &out, value);
   }
 };
 
@@ -54,6 +62,11 @@ class FillConstantOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("shape", "(vector<int>) The shape of the output");
     AddAttr<float>("value", "(float, default 0) The value to be filled")
         .SetDefault(0.0f);
+    AddAttr<bool>("force_cpu",
+                  "(bool, default false) Force fill output variable to cpu "
+                  "memory. Otherwise, fill output variable to the running "
+                  "device")
+        .SetDefault(false);
     AddOutput("Out",
               "(Tensor) Tensor of specified shape will be filled "
               "with the specified value");
@@ -69,10 +82,6 @@ Fill up a variable with specified constant value.
 }  // namespace paddle
 
 namespace ops = paddle::operators;
-REGISTER_OP_WITHOUT_GRADIENT(fill_constant, ops::FillConstantOp,
-                             ops::FillConstantOpMaker);
-REGISTER_OP_CPU_KERNEL(
-    fill_constant, ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, float>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, double>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, int>,
-    ops::FillConstantOpKernel<paddle::platform::CPUPlace, int64_t>);
+REGISTER_OPERATOR(fill_constant, ops::FillConstantOp,
+                  ops::FillConstantInferShape, ops::FillConstantOpMaker,
+                  paddle::framework::EmptyGradOpMaker);

paddle/operators/lod_tensor_to_array_op.cc

@@ -133,6 +133,22 @@ class LoDTensorToArrayInferVarType : public framework::VarTypeInference {
   }
 };
 
+class LoDTensorToArrayGradMaker : public framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker {
+ public:
+  using framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker::SingleGradOpDescMaker;
+
+ protected:
+  std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind> Apply() const override {
+    auto *grad_op = new framework::OpDescBind();
+    grad_op->SetType("array_to_lod_tensor");
+    grad_op->SetInput("X", OutputGrad("Out"));
+    grad_op->SetInput("RankTable", Input("RankTable"));
+    grad_op->SetOutput("Out", InputGrad("X"));
+    grad_op->SetAttrMap(Attrs());
+    return std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind>(grad_op);
+  }
+};
+
 }  // namespace operators
 }  // namespace paddle
 
@@ -140,4 +156,5 @@ namespace ops = paddle::operators;
 REGISTER_OPERATOR(lod_tensor_to_array, ops::LoDTensorToArrayOp,
                   ops::LoDTensorToArrayOpProtoMaker,
                   ops::LoDTensorToArrayInferShape,
-                  ops::LoDTensorToArrayInferVarType);
+                  ops::LoDTensorToArrayInferVarType,
+                  ops::LoDTensorToArrayGradMaker);

paddle/operators/lstm_unit_op.cc

@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ class LstmUnitOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
     auto c_prev_dims = ctx->GetInputDim("C_prev");
 
     PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(x_dims.size(), 2, "Input(X)'s rank must be 2.");
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_dims[0] == c_prev_dims[0],
-                   "Batch size of inputs and states must be equal");
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_dims[1] == c_prev_dims[1] * 4,
-                   "Dimension of FC should equal to prev state * 4");
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(x_dims[0], c_prev_dims[0],
+                      "Batch size of inputs and states must be equal");
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(x_dims[1], c_prev_dims[1] * 4,
+                      "Dimension of FC should equal to prev state * 4");
 
     int b_size = c_prev_dims[0];  // batch size
     int s_dim = c_prev_dims[1];   // state dim

paddle/operators/math/math_function.cc

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License. */
 
 #include "paddle/operators/math/math_function.h"
+#include "paddle/framework/data_type.h"
 
 namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
@@ -233,6 +234,52 @@ void gemv<platform::CPUPlace, double>(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
 
 template struct SetConstant<platform::CPUPlace, float>;
 
+struct TensorSetConstant {
+  TensorSetConstant(framework::Tensor* tensor, float value)
+      : tensor_(tensor), value_(value) {}
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()() const {
+    auto cpu = platform::CPUPlace();
+    auto* begin = tensor_->mutable_data<T>(cpu);
+    std::fill(begin, begin + tensor_->numel(), static_cast<T>(value_));
+  }
+  framework::Tensor* tensor_;
+  float value_;
+};
+
+template <>
+void set_constant_with_place<platform::CPUPlace>(
+    const platform::DeviceContext& context, framework::Tensor* tensor,
+    float value) {
+  framework::VisitDataType(framework::ToDataType(tensor->type()),
+                           TensorSetConstant(tensor, value));
+}
+
+struct TensorSetConstantWithPlace : public boost::static_visitor<void> {
+  TensorSetConstantWithPlace(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
+                             framework::Tensor* tensor, float value)
+      : context_(context), tensor_(tensor), value_(value) {}
+
+  template <typename Place>
+  void operator()(Place place) const {
+    set_constant_with_place<Place>(context_, tensor_, value_);
+  }
+
+  const platform::DeviceContext& context_;
+  framework::Tensor* tensor_;
+  float value_;
+};
+
+void set_constant(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
+                  framework::Tensor* tensor, float value) {
+  TensorSetConstantWithPlace func(context, tensor, value);
+#ifdef PADDLE_WITH_CUDA
+  tensor->place().apply_visitor(func);
+#else
+  func(platform::CPUPlace());
+#endif
+}
+
 }  // namespace math
 }  // namespace operators
 }  // namespace paddle

paddle/operators/math/math_function.cu

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License. */
 
+#include "paddle/framework/data_type.h"
 #include "paddle/operators/math/math_function.h"
 
 namespace paddle {
@@ -232,6 +233,30 @@ void gemv<platform::GPUPlace, double>(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
 
 template struct SetConstant<platform::GPUPlace, float>;
 
+struct TensorSetConstant {
+  TensorSetConstant(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
+                    framework::Tensor* tensor, float value)
+      : context_(context), tensor_(tensor), value_(value) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()() const {
+    SetConstant<platform::GPUPlace, T> functor;
+    functor(context_, tensor_, static_cast<T>(value_));
+  }
+
+  const platform::DeviceContext& context_;
+  framework::Tensor* tensor_;
+  float value_;
+};
+
+template <>
+void set_constant_with_place<platform::GPUPlace>(
+    const platform::DeviceContext& context, framework::Tensor* tensor,
+    float value) {
+  framework::VisitDataType(framework::ToDataType(tensor->type()),
+                           TensorSetConstant(context, tensor, value));
+}
+
 }  // namespace math
 }  // namespace operators
 }  // namespace paddle

paddle/operators/math/math_function.h

@@ -108,6 +108,13 @@ struct SetConstant {
   }
 };
 
+template <typename Place>
+void set_constant_with_place(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
+                             framework::Tensor* tensor, float value);
+
+void set_constant(const platform::DeviceContext& context,
+                  framework::Tensor* tensor, float value);
+
 }  // namespace math
 }  // namespace operators
 }  // namespace paddle

paddle/operators/math/math_function_test.cc

@@ -139,3 +139,15 @@ TEST(math_function, gemv) {
   GemvTest<float>(12, 7, true);
   GemvTest<double>(7, 9, true);
 }
+
+TEST(math_funciton, set_constant) {
+  paddle::framework::Tensor t;
+  t.Resize({10, 10});
+  t.mutable_data<int>(paddle::platform::CPUPlace());
+  auto* ctx = new paddle::platform::CPUDeviceContext();
+  paddle::operators::math::set_constant(*ctx, &t, 10);
+  for (int64_t i = 0; i < t.numel(); ++i) {
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(10, t.data<int>()[i]);
+  }
+  delete ctx;
+}

paddle/operators/mean_op.cc

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ class MeanGradOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
 
   void InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext* ctx) const override {
     ctx->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("X"), ctx->GetInputDim("X"));
+    ctx->ShareLoD("X", framework::GradVarName("X"));
   }
 };
 

paddle/operators/pool_cudnn_op.cu

@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ class PoolCudnnOpKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
     const T *input_data = input->data<T>();
     T *output_data = output->mutable_data<T>(ctx.GetPlace());
 
-    std::string pooling_type = ctx.Attr<std::string>("poolingType");
+    std::string pooling_type = ctx.Attr<std::string>("pooling_type");
     std::vector<int> ksize = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
-    if (ctx.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (ctx.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(input->dims()[i + 2]);
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ class PoolCudnnGradOpKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
         ctx.Input<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("Out"));
     Tensor *input_grad = ctx.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("X"));
 
-    std::string pooling_type = ctx.Attr<std::string>("poolingType");
+    std::string pooling_type = ctx.Attr<std::string>("pooling_type");
     std::vector<int> ksize = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = ctx.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
 
-    if (ctx.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (ctx.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(input->dims()[i + 2]);

paddle/operators/pool_op.cc

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ void PoolOp::InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const {
 
   auto in_x_dims = ctx->GetInputDim("X");
 
-  std::string pooling_type = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::string>("poolingType");
+  std::string pooling_type = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::string>("pooling_type");
   std::vector<int> ksize = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
   std::vector<int> strides = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::vector<int>>("strides");
   std::vector<int> paddings = ctx->Attrs().Get<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ void PoolOp::InferShape(framework::InferShapeContext *ctx) const {
   PADDLE_ENFORCE(in_x_dims.size() == 4 || in_x_dims.size() == 5,
                  "Pooling intput should be 4-D or 5-D tensor.");
 
-  if (ctx->Attrs().Get<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+  if (ctx->Attrs().Get<bool>("global_pooling")) {
     ksize.resize(static_cast<size_t>(in_x_dims.size()) - 2);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
       paddings[i] = 0;
@@ -83,20 +83,20 @@ Pool2dOpMaker::Pool2dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
             "H is the height of the feature, "
             "and W is the width of the feature.");
 
-  AddAttr<std::string>("poolingType",
+  AddAttr<std::string>("pooling_type",
                        "(string), pooling type, can be \"max\" for max-pooling "
                        "and \"avg\" for average-pooling.")
       .InEnum({"max", "avg"});
   AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("ksize",
                             "(vector<int>) The pooling window "
                             "size(height, width) of the pooling operator. "
-                            "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will "
+                            "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will "
                             "be ignored.");  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker.
                                              // (Currently,
   // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
-  AddAttr<bool>("globalPooling",
+  AddAttr<bool>("global_pooling",
                 "(bool, default false) Whether to use the global pooling. "
-                "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
+                "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
       .SetDefault(false);
   AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("strides",
                             "(vector<int>, default {1, 1}), strides(height, "
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Pool2dOpMaker::Pool2dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
       "paddings",
       "(vector<int>, defalut {0,0}), paddings(height, width) of pooling "
       "operator."
-      "If globalPooling = true, paddings and ksize will be ignored.")
+      "If global_pooling = true, paddings and ksize will be ignored.")
       .SetDefault({0, 0});  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker. (Currently,
   // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Pool2dOpMaker::Pool2dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
 Pool2d Operator.
 
 The pooling2d operation calculates the output based on
-the input, poolingType and ksize, strides, paddings parameters.
+the input, pooling_type and ksize, strides, paddings parameters.
 Input(X) and output(Out) are in NCHW format, where N is batch size, C is the
 number of channels, H is the height of the feature, and W is the width of the feature.
 Parameters(ksize, strides, paddings) are two elements.
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Pool3dOpMaker::Pool3dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
             "the number of channels, and D, H and W is the depth, height and "
             "width of the feature, respectively.");
 
-  AddAttr<std::string>("poolingType",
+  AddAttr<std::string>("pooling_type",
                        "(string) Pooling type, can be \"max\" for max-pooling "
                        "and \"avg\" for average-pooling.")
       .InEnum({"max", "avg"});
@@ -160,13 +160,14 @@ Pool3dOpMaker::Pool3dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
       "ksize",
       "(vector<int>) The pooling window size(depth, height, "
       "width) of pooling operator. "
-      "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will "
+      "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will "
       "be ignored.");  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker.
                        // (Currently,
   // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
-  AddAttr<bool>("globalPooling",
-                "(bool, default false) Whether to use the global pooling. "
-                "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings wille be ignored.")
+  AddAttr<bool>(
+      "global_pooling",
+      "(bool, default false) Whether to use the global pooling. "
+      "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings wille be ignored.")
       .SetDefault(false);
   AddAttr<std::vector<int>>(
       "strides",
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ Pool3dOpMaker::Pool3dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
       "paddings",
       "(vector<int>, defalut {0,0,0}), paddings(depth, height, "
       "width) of pooling operator. "
-      "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
+      "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
       .SetDefault({0, 0, 0});  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker. (Currently,
                                // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
 
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ Pool3dOpMaker::Pool3dOpMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
 Pool3d Operator.
 
 The pooling3d operation calculates the output based on
-the input, poolingType, ksize, strides, and paddings parameters.
+the input, pooling_type, ksize, strides, and paddings parameters.
 Input(X) and output(Out) are in NCDHW format, where N is batch
 size, C is the number of channels, and D, H and W are the depth, height and
 width of the feature, respectively. Parameters(ksize, strides, paddings) 

paddle/operators/pool_op.h

@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ class PoolKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
     const Tensor* in_x = context.Input<Tensor>("X");
     Tensor* out = context.Output<Tensor>("Out");
 
-    std::string pooling_type = context.Attr<std::string>("poolingType");
+    std::string pooling_type = context.Attr<std::string>("pooling_type");
     std::vector<int> ksize = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
-    if (context.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (context.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(in_x->dims()[i + 2]);
@@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ class PoolGradKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
         context.Input<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("Out"));
     Tensor* in_x_grad = context.Output<Tensor>(framework::GradVarName("X"));
 
-    std::string pooling_type = context.Attr<std::string>("poolingType");
+    std::string pooling_type = context.Attr<std::string>("pooling_type");
     std::vector<int> ksize = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
 
-    if (context.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (context.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(in_x->dims()[i + 2]);

paddle/operators/pool_with_index_op.cc

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class MaxPoolWithIndexOp : public framework::OperatorWithKernel {
     PADDLE_ENFORCE(in_x_dims.size() == 4 || in_x_dims.size() == 5,
                    "Pooling intput should be 4-D or 5-D tensor.");
 
-    if (ctx->Attrs().Get<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (ctx->Attrs().Get<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       ksize.resize(static_cast<size_t>(in_x_dims.size()) - 2);
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ class MaxPool2dWithIndexOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("ksize",
                               "(vector<int>) The pooling window size(height, "
                               "width) of pooling operator. "
-                              "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings "
+                              "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings "
                               "will be ignored.");  // TODO(Chengduo): Add
                                                     // checker. (Currently,
     // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
     AddAttr<bool>(
-        "globalPooling",
+        "global_pooling",
         "(bool, default false) Whether to use the global pooling. "
-        "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
+        "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
         .SetDefault(false);
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("strides",
                               "(vector<int>, default {1, 1}), strides(height, "
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class MaxPool2dWithIndexOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
         "paddings",
         "(vector<int>, defalut {0, 0}), paddings(height, width) of pooling "
         "operator. "
-        "If globalPooling = true, paddings and will be ignored.")
+        "If global_pooling = true, paddings and will be ignored.")
         .SetDefault({0, 0});  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker. (Currently,
     // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
 
@@ -188,14 +188,14 @@ class MaxPool3dWithIndexOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("ksize",
                               "(vector<int>) The pooling window size(depth, "
                               "height, width) of pooling operator. "
-                              "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings "
+                              "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings "
                               "will be ignored.");  // TODO(Chengduo): Add
                                                     // checker. (Currently,
     // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
     AddAttr<bool>(
-        "globalPooling",
+        "global_pooling",
         "(bool, default false) Whether to use the global pooling. "
-        "If globalPooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
+        "If global_pooling = true, ksize and paddings will be ignored.")
         .SetDefault(false);
     AddAttr<std::vector<int>>("strides",
                               "(vector<int>, default {1,1,1}), strides(depth, "
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ class MaxPool3dWithIndexOpMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
         "paddings",
         "(vector, defalut {0,0,0}), paddings(depth, "
         "height, width) of pooling operator. "
-        "If globalPooling = true, paddings and ksize will be ignored.")
+        "If global_pooling = true, paddings and ksize will be ignored.")
         .SetDefault({0, 0, 0});  // TODO(Chengduo): Add checker. (Currently,
     // TypedAttrChecker don't support vector type.)
 

paddle/operators/pool_with_index_op.h

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class MaxPoolWithIndexKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
     std::vector<int> ksize = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
-    if (context.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (context.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(in_x->dims()[i + 2]);
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class MaxPoolWithIndexGradKernel : public framework::OpKernel<T> {
     std::vector<int> ksize = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("ksize");
     std::vector<int> strides = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("strides");
     std::vector<int> paddings = context.Attr<std::vector<int>>("paddings");
-    if (context.Attr<bool>("globalPooling")) {
+    if (context.Attr<bool>("global_pooling")) {
       for (size_t i = 0; i < ksize.size(); ++i) {
         paddings[i] = 0;
         ksize[i] = static_cast<int>(in_x_grad->dims()[i + 2]);

paddle/operators/shrink_rnn_memory_op.cc

+/* Copyright (c) 2016 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License. */
+#include "paddle/framework/lod_rank_table.h"
+#include "paddle/operators/array_operator.h"
+#include "paddle/operators/math/math_function.h"
+
+namespace paddle {
+namespace operators {
+
+class ShrinkRNNMemoryOp : public ArrayOp {
+ public:
+  ShrinkRNNMemoryOp(const std::string &type,
+                    const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
+                    const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
+                    const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
+      : ArrayOp(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
+
+  void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
+           const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {
+    auto *x_var = scope.FindVar(Input("X"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_var != nullptr, "Input X must be set");
+    auto &x_tensor = x_var->Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    size_t offset = this->GetOffset(scope, dev_ctx);
+    auto *rank_table_var = scope.FindVar(Input("RankTable"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(rank_table_var != nullptr, "RankTable must be set");
+    auto &rank_table = rank_table_var->Get<framework::LoDRankTable>();
+
+    auto &rank_items = rank_table.items();
+    int dst_num_rows =
+        std::lower_bound(rank_items.begin(), rank_items.end(), offset,
+                         [](const framework::LoDRankTable::TableItem &a,
+                            size_t b) { return a.length > b; }) -
+        rank_items.begin();
+
+    auto *out_var = scope.FindVar(Output("Out"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(out_var != nullptr, "Output Out must be set");
+    auto &out_tensor = *out_var->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    if (dst_num_rows != 0) {
+      out_tensor.ShareDataWith(x_tensor.Slice(0, dst_num_rows));
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class ShrinkRNNMemoryOpProtoMaker : public framework::OpProtoAndCheckerMaker {
+ public:
+  ShrinkRNNMemoryOpProtoMaker(framework::OpProto *proto,
+                              framework::OpAttrChecker *op_checker)
+      : OpProtoAndCheckerMaker(proto, op_checker) {
+    AddInput("X", "");
+    AddInput("RankTable", "");
+    AddInput("I", "");
+    AddOutput("Out", "");
+    AddComment("");
+  }
+};
+
+class ShrinkRNNMemoryInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
+ public:
+  void operator()(framework::InferShapeContext *context) const override {
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasInput("X"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasInput("I"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasInput("RankTable"));
+    context->SetOutputDim("Out", context->GetInputDim("X"));
+  }
+};
+
+class ShrinkRNNMemoryGradOp : public ArrayOp {
+ public:
+  ShrinkRNNMemoryGradOp(const std::string &type,
+                        const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
+                        const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
+                        const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
+      : ArrayOp(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
+
+  void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
+           const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {
+    auto *dout_var = scope.FindVar(Input(framework::GradVarName("Out")));
+    auto *dx_var = scope.FindVar(Output(framework::GradVarName("X")));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(dx_var != nullptr, "Input Gradient should not be nullptr");
+    auto *x_var = scope.FindVar(Input("X"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(x_var != nullptr);
+
+    auto &x_tensor = x_var->Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    auto &dx_tensor = *dx_var->GetMutable<framework::LoDTensor>();
+    dx_tensor.Resize(x_tensor.dims());
+    dx_tensor.mutable_data(x_tensor.place(), x_tensor.type());
+
+    if (dout_var == nullptr) {  // dx_tensor fill zero
+      math::set_constant(dev_ctx, &dx_tensor, 0.0f);
+    } else {
+      auto &dout_tensor = dout_var->Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
+      auto height = dout_tensor.dims()[0];
+      dx_tensor.Slice(0, static_cast<int>(height))
+          .CopyFrom(dout_tensor, dout_tensor.place(), dev_ctx);
+      if (dx_tensor.dims()[0] < height) {
+        auto rest_tensor = dx_tensor.Slice(
+            static_cast<int>(height), static_cast<int>(dout_tensor.dims()[0]));
+        math::set_constant(dev_ctx, &rest_tensor, 0.0f);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class ShrinkRNNMemoryGradInferShape : public framework::InferShapeBase {
+ public:
+  void operator()(framework::InferShapeContext *context) const override {
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasInput("X"));
+    PADDLE_ENFORCE(context->HasOutput(framework::GradVarName("X")));
+    context->SetOutputDim(framework::GradVarName("X"),
+                          context->GetInputDim("X"));
+  }
+};
+
+class ShrinkRNNGradOpMaker : public framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker {
+ public:
+  using framework::SingleGradOpDescMaker::SingleGradOpDescMaker;
+
+ protected:
+  std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind> Apply() const override {
+    auto *op = new framework::OpDescBind();
+    op->SetType("shrink_rnn_memory_grad");
+    op->SetInput("X", Input("X"));
+    op->SetInput(framework::GradVarName("Out"), OutputGrad("Out"));
+    op->SetOutput(framework::GradVarName("X"), InputGrad("X"));
+    op->SetAttrMap(Attrs());
+    return std::unique_ptr<framework::OpDescBind>(op);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace operators
+}  // namespace paddle
+
+namespace ops = paddle::operators;
+REGISTER_OPERATOR(shrink_rnn_memory, ops::ShrinkRNNMemoryOp,
+                  ops::ShrinkRNNMemoryInferShape,
+                  ops::ShrinkRNNMemoryOpProtoMaker, ops::ShrinkRNNGradOpMaker);
+REGISTER_OPERATOR(shrink_rnn_memory_grad, ops::ShrinkRNNMemoryGradOp,
+                  ops::ShrinkRNNMemoryGradInferShape);

paddle/operators/tensor_array_read_write_op.cc

@@ -11,48 +11,18 @@
    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    limitations under the License. */
-#include "paddle/framework/lod_tensor_array.h"
-#include "paddle/framework/op_registry.h"
+#include "paddle/operators/array_operator.h"
 
 namespace paddle {
 namespace operators {
-class ArrayOpBase : public framework::OperatorBase {
- public:
-  ArrayOpBase(const std::string &type, const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
-              const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
-              const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
-      : OperatorBase(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
-  void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
-           const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {}
-
- protected:
-  size_t GetOffset(const framework::Scope &scope,
-                   const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const {
-    auto *i = scope.FindVar(Input("I"));
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE(i != nullptr, "I must be set");
-    auto &i_tensor = i->Get<framework::LoDTensor>();
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE_EQ(i_tensor.numel(), 1);
-    size_t offset;
-    if (platform::is_gpu_place(i_tensor.place())) {
-      // FIXME: Avoid copy from GPU to CPU
-      framework::Tensor t;
-      t.CopyFrom(i_tensor, platform::CPUPlace(), dev_ctx);
-      dev_ctx.Wait();
-      offset = static_cast<size_t>(*t.data<int64_t>());
-    } else {
-      offset = static_cast<size_t>(*i_tensor.data<int64_t>());
-    }
-    return offset;
-  }
-};
 
-class WriteToArrayOp : public ArrayOpBase {
+class WriteToArrayOp : public ArrayOp {
  public:
   WriteToArrayOp(const std::string &type,
                  const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
                  const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
                  const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
-      : ArrayOpBase(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
+      : ArrayOp(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
 
   void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
            const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {
@@ -122,13 +92,13 @@ class WriteToArrayInferVarType : public framework::VarTypeInference {
   }
 };
 
-class ReadFromArrayOp : public ArrayOpBase {
+class ReadFromArrayOp : public ArrayOp {
  public:
   ReadFromArrayOp(const std::string &type,
                   const framework::VariableNameMap &inputs,
                   const framework::VariableNameMap &outputs,
                   const framework::AttributeMap &attrs)
-      : ArrayOpBase(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
+      : ArrayOp(type, inputs, outputs, attrs) {}
   void Run(const framework::Scope &scope,
            const platform::DeviceContext &dev_ctx) const override {
     auto *x = scope.FindVar(Input("X"));

paddle/platform/transform.h

@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ struct Transform<platform::CPUPlace> {
   template <typename InputIter, typename OutputIter, typename UnaryOperation>
   void operator()(const DeviceContext& context, InputIter first, InputIter last,
                   OutputIter result, UnaryOperation op) {
-    auto place = context.GetPlace();
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE(is_cpu_place(place), "It must use CPU place.");
     std::transform(first, last, result, op);
   }
 
@@ -59,8 +57,6 @@ struct Transform<platform::CPUPlace> {
   void operator()(const DeviceContext& context, InputIter1 first1,
                   InputIter1 last1, InputIter2 first2, OutputIter result,
                   BinaryOperation op) {
-    auto place = context.GetPlace();
-    PADDLE_ENFORCE(is_cpu_place(place), "It must use CPU place.");
     std::transform(first1, last1, first2, result, op);
   }
 };

proto/ModelConfig.proto

@@ -321,6 +321,11 @@ message ClipConfig {
   required double max = 2;
 }
 
+message ScaleSubRegionConfig {
+  required ImageConfig image_conf = 1;
+  required float value = 2;
+}
+
 message LayerInputConfig {
   required string input_layer_name = 1;
   optional string input_parameter_name = 2;
@@ -342,6 +347,7 @@ message LayerInputConfig {
   optional MultiBoxLossConfig multibox_loss_conf = 16;
   optional DetectionOutputConfig detection_output_conf = 17;
   optional ClipConfig clip_conf = 18;
+  optional ScaleSubRegionConfig scale_sub_region_conf = 19;
 }
 
 message LayerConfig {

python/paddle/trainer/config_parser.py

@@ -3801,6 +3801,25 @@ class SwitchOrderLayer(LayerBase):
         self.config.reshape_conf.width_axis.extend(reshape['width'])
 
 
+@config_layer('scale_sub_region')
+class ScaleSubRegionLayer(LayerBase):
+    def __init__(self, name, inputs, value, **xargs):
+        super(ScaleSubRegionLayer, self).__init__(
+            name, 'scale_sub_region', 0, inputs=inputs, **xargs)
+        scale_sub_region_conf = self.config.inputs[0].scale_sub_region_conf
+        scale_sub_region_conf.value = value
+
+        # get channel, width and height from input_0 layer
+        input_layer = self.get_input_layer(0)
+        image_conf = scale_sub_region_conf.image_conf
+        image_conf.img_size = input_layer.width
+        image_conf.img_size_y = input_layer.height
+        image_conf.channels = input_layer.size / (input_layer.width *
+                                                  input_layer.height)
+        self.set_cnn_layer(name, image_conf.img_size_y, image_conf.img_size,
+                           image_conf.channels)
+
+
 # Deprecated, use a new layer specific class instead
 @config_func
 def Layer(name, type, **xargs):

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/tests/configs/file_list.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ test_prelu_layer test_row_conv test_detection_output_layer test_multibox_loss_la
 test_recursive_topology test_gated_unit_layer test_clip_layer test_row_l2_norm_layer
 test_kmax_seq_socre_layer test_sub_nested_seq_select_layer test_scale_shift_layer
 test_seq_slice_layer test_cross_entropy_over_beam test_pooling3D_layer
-test_conv3d_layer test_deconv3d_layer test_BatchNorm3D test_resize_layer)
+test_conv3d_layer test_deconv3d_layer test_BatchNorm3D test_resize_layer test_scale_sub_region_layer)
 
 export whole_configs=(test_split_datasource)

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/tests/configs/protostr/test_scale_sub_region_layer.protostr

+type: "nn"
+layers {
+  name: "data"
+  type: "data"
+  size: 2016
+  active_type: ""
+  height: 48
+  width: 42
+}
+layers {
+  name: "indices"
+  type: "data"
+  size: 6
+  active_type: ""
+}
+layers {
+  name: "__scale_sub_region_0__"
+  type: "scale_sub_region"
+  size: 2016
+  active_type: ""
+  inputs {
+    input_layer_name: "data"
+    scale_sub_region_conf {
+      image_conf {
+        channels: 1
+        img_size: 42
+        img_size_y: 48
+      }
+      value: 0.0
+    }
+  }
+  inputs {
+    input_layer_name: "indices"
+  }
+  height: 48
+  width: 42
+}
+input_layer_names: "data"
+input_layer_names: "indices"
+output_layer_names: "__scale_sub_region_0__"
+sub_models {
+  name: "root"
+  layer_names: "data"
+  layer_names: "indices"
+  layer_names: "__scale_sub_region_0__"
+  input_layer_names: "data"
+  input_layer_names: "indices"
+  output_layer_names: "__scale_sub_region_0__"
+  is_recurrent_layer_group: false
+}
+

python/paddle/trainer_config_helpers/tests/configs/test_scale_sub_region_layer.py

+from paddle.trainer_config_helpers import *
+
+settings(batch_size=1000, learning_rate=1e-5)
+
+data = data_layer(name='data', size=2016, height=48, width=42)
+indices = data_layer(name='indices', size=6)
+
+scale_sub_region = scale_sub_region_layer(
+    input=data, indices=indices, value=0.0)
+
+outputs(scale_sub_region)

python/paddle/v2/dataset/uci_housing.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ parse training set and test set into paddle reader creators.
 import numpy as np
 import os
 import paddle.v2.dataset.common
+from paddle.v2.parameters import Parameters
 
 __all__ = ['train', 'test']
 
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@ feature_names = [
 
 UCI_TRAIN_DATA = None
 UCI_TEST_DATA = None
-
+URL_MODEL = 'https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/book/raw/develop/01.fit_a_line/fit_a_line.tar'
+MD5_MODEL = '52fc3da8ef3937822fcdd87ee05c0c9b'
 
 def feature_range(maximums, minimums):
     import matplotlib
@@ -111,6 +113,13 @@ def test():
     return reader
 
 
+def model():
+    tar_file = paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL_MODEL, 'fit_a_line.tar', MD5_MODEL)
+    with open(tar_file, 'r') as f:
+        parameters = Parameters.from_tar(f)
+    return parameters
+
+
 def fetch():
     paddle.v2.dataset.common.download(URL, 'uci_housing', MD5)
 

python/paddle/v2/framework/layers.py

@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ def data(name,
          type=core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR,
          append_batch_size=True,
          main_program=None,
-         startup_program=None):
+         startup_program=None,
+         stop_gradient=True):
     helper = LayerHelper('data', **locals())
     shape = list(shape)
     for i in xrange(len(shape)):
@@ -101,7 +102,11 @@ def data(name,
         shape = [-1] + shape  # append batch size as -1
 
     return helper.create_global_variable(
-        name=name, shape=shape, dtype=data_type, type=type, stop_gradient=True)
+        name=name,
+        shape=shape,
+        dtype=data_type,
+        type=type,
+        stop_gradient=stop_gradient)
 
 
 def _convert_(name):
@@ -134,9 +139,7 @@ def _create_op_func_(op_type):
     o_name = not_intermediate_outputs[0].name
     intermediate_output_names = [output.name for output in intermediate_outputs]
 
-    def func(**kwargs):
-        helper = LayerHelper(op_type, **kwargs)
-        inputs = dict()
+    def infer_and_check_data_type(op_proto, **kwargs):
         dtype = None
         for ipt in op_proto.inputs:
             name = _convert_(ipt.name)
@@ -153,6 +156,20 @@ def _create_op_func_(op_type):
                 elif dtype != each.data_type:
                     raise ValueError(
                         "operator {0} must input same dtype".format(op_type))
+
+        return dtype
+
+    def func(**kwargs):
+        helper = LayerHelper(op_type, **kwargs)
+
+        dtype = infer_and_check_data_type(op_proto, **kwargs)
+
+        inputs = dict()
+        for ipt in op_proto.inputs:
+            name = _convert_(ipt.name)
+            val = kwargs.pop(name, [])
+            if not isinstance(val, list) and not isinstance(val, tuple):
+                val = [val]
             inputs[ipt.name] = val
 
         outputs = dict()
@@ -178,6 +195,20 @@ _create_op_func_('reshape')
 _create_op_func_('elementwise_add')
 _create_op_func_('sigmoid')
 _create_op_func_('scale')
+_create_op_func_('reshape')
+_create_op_func_('transpose')
+
+
+def fill_constant(data_type, shape, value=None, program=None):
+    helper = LayerHelper('fill_constant', **locals())
+    out = helper.create_tmp_variable(dtype=data_type)
+    helper.append_op(
+        type='fill_constant',
+        outputs={'Out': [out]},
+        attrs={'data_type': data_type,
+               'shape': shape,
+               'value': value})
+    return out
 
 
 def cast(x, data_type, main_program=None):
@@ -414,9 +445,9 @@ def pool2d(input,
         inputs={"X": input},
         outputs={"Out": pool_out},
         attrs={
-            "poolingType": pool_type,
+            "pooling_type": pool_type,
             "ksize": pool_size,
-            "globalPooling": global_pooling,
+            "global_pooling": global_pooling,
             "strides": pool_stride,
             "paddings": pool_padding
         })
@@ -762,6 +793,46 @@ class StaticRNN(object):
             })
 
 
+def lstm(x,
+         c_pre_init,
+         hidden_dim,
+         forget_bias=None,
+         main_program=None,
+         startup_program=None):
+    helper = LayerHelper('lstm_unit', **locals())
+    rnn = StaticRNN()
+    with rnn.step():
+        c_pre = rnn.memory(init=c_pre_init)
+        x_t = rnn.step_input(x)
+
+        before_fc = concat(
+            input=[x_t, c_pre],
+            axis=1,
+            main_program=main_program,
+            startup_program=startup_program)
+        after_fc = fc(input=before_fc,
+                      size=hidden_dim * 4,
+                      main_program=main_program,
+                      startup_program=startup_program)
+
+        data_type = x.data_type
+        c = helper.create_tmp_variable(data_type)
+        h = helper.create_tmp_variable(data_type)
+
+        helper.append_op(
+            type='lstm_unit',
+            inputs={"X": after_fc,
+                    "C_prev": c_pre},
+            outputs={"C": c,
+                     "H": h},
+            attrs={"forget_bias": forget_bias})
+
+        rnn.update_memory(c_pre, c)
+        rnn.output(h)
+
+    return rnn()
+
+
 def lod_rank_table(x, level=0, main_program=None):
     helper = LayerHelper("lod_rank_table", **locals())
     table = helper.create_variable(
@@ -779,7 +850,8 @@ def lod_tensor_to_array(x, table, main_program=None):
     helper = LayerHelper("lod_tensor_to_array", **locals())
     array = helper.create_variable(
         name=unique_name("lod_tensor_to_array"),
-        type=core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR_ARRAY)
+        type=core.VarDesc.VarType.LOD_TENSOR_ARRAY,
+        dtype=x.data_type)
     helper.append_op(
         type='lod_tensor_to_array',
         inputs={'X': x,
@@ -825,13 +897,13 @@ def zeros(shape, dtype, main_program=None):
 
 def increment(x, value=1.0, main_program=None):
     helper = LayerHelper("increment", **locals())
-    tmp = helper.create_tmp_variable(dtype=x.data_type)
+    out = helper.create_tmp_variable(dtype=x.data_type)
     helper.append_op(
         type='increment',
         inputs={'X': [x]},
-        outputs={'Out': [tmp]},
+        outputs={'Out': [out]},
         attrs={'step': value})
-    return tmp
+    return out
 
 
 def array_write(x, i, array=None, main_program=None):
@@ -862,3 +934,16 @@ def array_read(array, i, main_program=None):
                 'I': [i]},
         outputs={'Out': [out]})
     return out
+
+
+def shrink_memory(x, i, table, main_program=None):
+    helper = LayerHelper('shrink_memory', **locals())
+    out = helper.create_tmp_variable(dtype=x.data_type)
+    helper.append_op(
+        type='shrink_rnn_memory',
+        inputs={'X': [x],
+                'I': [i],
+                'RankTable': [table]},
+        outputs={'Out': [out]},
+        attrs={})
+    return out

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_accuracy_op.py

@@ -26,5 +26,4 @@ class TestAccuracyOp(OpTest):
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    exit(0)
     unittest.main()

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_clip_by_norm_op.py

+import unittest
+import numpy as np
+from op_test import OpTest
+
+
+class TestClipByNormOp(OpTest):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.max_relative_error = 0.006
+        self.initTestCase()
+        input = np.random.random(self.shape).astype("float32")
+        input[np.abs(input) < self.max_relative_error] = 0.5
+        self.op_type = "clip_by_norm"
+        self.inputs = {'X': input, }
+        self.attrs = {}
+        self.attrs['max_norm'] = self.max_norm
+        norm = np.sqrt(np.sum(np.square(input)))
+        if norm > self.max_norm:
+            output = self.max_norm * input / norm
+        else:
+            output = input
+        self.outputs = {'Out': output}
+
+    def test_check_output(self):
+        self.check_output()
+
+    def initTestCase(self):
+        self.shape = (100, )
+        self.max_norm = 1.0
+
+
+class TestCase1(TestClipByNormOp):
+    def initTestCase(self):
+        self.shape = (100, )
+        self.max_norm = 1e20
+
+
+class TestCase2(TestClipByNormOp):
+    def initTestCase(self):
+        self.shape = (16, 16)
+        self.max_norm = 0.1
+
+
+class TestCase3(TestClipByNormOp):
+    def initTestCase(self):
+        self.shape = (4, 8, 16)
+        self.max_norm = 1.0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_lod_tensor_array_ops.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import numpy
 import paddle.v2.framework.layers as layers
 from paddle.v2.framework.framework import Program
 from paddle.v2.framework.executor import Executor
+from paddle.v2.framework.backward import append_backward_ops
 
 
 class TestCPULoDTensorArrayOps(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -123,5 +124,42 @@ class TestCPULoDTensorArrayOps(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(actual.lod(), expect.lod())
 
 
+class TestCPULoDTensorArrayOpGrad(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_grad(self):
+        place = core.CPUPlace()
+        program = Program()
+
+        x = layers.data(
+            name='x',
+            shape=[1],
+            data_type='float32',
+            main_program=program,
+            stop_gradient=False)
+        table = layers.lod_rank_table(x, level=0, main_program=program)
+        array = layers.lod_tensor_to_array(x, table, main_program=program)
+        result = layers.array_to_lod_tensor(array, table, main_program=program)
+
+        mean = layers.mean(x=result, main_program=program)
+
+        append_backward_ops(mean)
+
+        tensor = core.LoDTensor()
+        tensor.set(numpy.arange(10).reshape(10, 1).astype('float32'), place)
+        tensor.set_lod([[0, 3, 9, 10]])
+
+        g_vars = program.global_block().var(x.name + "@GRAD")
+
+        exe = Executor(place)
+        g_out = [
+            item.sum()
+            for item in map(
+                numpy.array,
+                exe.run(program, feed={'x': tensor}, fetch_list=[g_vars]))
+        ]
+        g_out_sum = numpy.array(g_out).sum()
+
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(1.0, g_out_sum, delta=0.1)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_pool2d_op.py

@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ class TestPool2d_Op(OpTest):
             'strides': self.strides,
             'paddings': self.paddings,
             'ksize': self.ksize,
-            'poolingType': self.pool_type,
-            'globalPooling': self.global_pool,
+            'pooling_type': self.pool_type,
+            'global_pooling': self.global_pool,
         }
 
         self.outputs = {'Out': output.astype('float32')}

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_pool3d_op.py

@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ class TestPool3d_Op(OpTest):
             'strides': self.strides,
             'paddings': self.paddings,
             'ksize': self.ksize,
-            'poolingType': self.pool_type,
-            'globalPooling': self.global_pool,
+            'pooling_type': self.pool_type,
+            'global_pooling': self.global_pool,
         }
 
         self.outputs = {'Out': output.astype('float32')}

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_pool_max_op.py

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class TestMaxPoolWithIndex_Op(OpTest):
             'strides': self.strides,
             'paddings': self.paddings,
             'ksize': self.ksize,
-            'globalPooling': self.global_pool,
+            'global_pooling': self.global_pool,
         }
 
         self.inputs = {'X': input}

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_shrink_rnn_memory.py

+import unittest
+import paddle.v2.framework.core as core
+from paddle.v2.framework.executor import Executor
+import paddle.v2.framework.layers as layers
+from paddle.v2.framework.backward import append_backward_ops
+from paddle.v2.framework.framework import g_main_program
+import numpy
+
+
+class TestShrinkRNNMemory(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_shrink_rnn_memory(self):
+        x = layers.data('x', shape=[100], data_type='float32')
+        x.stop_gradient = False
+        table = layers.lod_rank_table(x=x)
+        i = layers.zeros(dtype='int64', shape=[1])
+        mem1 = layers.shrink_memory(x=x, i=i, table=table)
+        i = layers.increment(x=i)
+        i.stop_gradient = True
+        mem2 = layers.shrink_memory(x=mem1, i=i, table=table)
+        i = layers.increment(x=i)
+        i.stop_gradient = True
+        mem3 = layers.shrink_memory(x=mem2, i=i, table=table)
+
+        cpu = core.CPUPlace()
+        tensor = core.LoDTensor()
+        tensor.set_lod([[0, 2, 5, 6]])
+        tensor_np = numpy.random.random(size=(3, 100)).astype('float32')
+        tensor.set(tensor_np, cpu)
+        exe = Executor(cpu)
+        outs = map(numpy.array,
+                   exe.run(feed={'x': tensor}, fetch_list=[mem1, mem2, mem3]))
+        self.assertTrue(numpy.allclose(tensor_np[0:3], outs[0]))
+        self.assertTrue(numpy.allclose(tensor_np[0:2], outs[1]))
+        self.assertTrue(numpy.allclose(tensor_np[0:1], outs[2]))
+
+        mem3_mean = layers.mean(x=mem3)
+        append_backward_ops(loss=mem3_mean)
+        x_grad = map(numpy.array,
+                     exe.run(feed={'x': tensor},
+                             fetch_list=[
+                                 g_main_program.global_block().var('x@GRAD')
+                             ]))[0]
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(1.0, x_grad.sum(), delta=0.1)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

python/paddle/v2/framework/tests/test_understand_sentiment_lstm.py

+import paddle.v2 as paddle
+import paddle.v2.framework.layers as layers
+import paddle.v2.framework.core as core
+import paddle.v2.framework.optimizer as optimizer
+
+from paddle.v2.framework.framework import g_main_program, g_startup_program
+from paddle.v2.framework.executor import Executor
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+def lstm_net(dict_dim, class_dim=2, emb_dim=32, seq_len=80, batch_size=50):
+    data = layers.data(
+        name="words",
+        shape=[seq_len * batch_size, 1],
+        append_batch_size=False,
+        data_type="int64")
+    label = layers.data(
+        name="label",
+        shape=[batch_size, 1],
+        append_batch_size=False,
+        data_type="int64")
+
+    emb = layers.embedding(input=data, size=[dict_dim, emb_dim])
+    emb = layers.reshape(x=emb, shape=[batch_size, seq_len, emb_dim])
+    emb = layers.transpose(x=emb, axis=[1, 0, 2])
+
+    c_pre_init = layers.fill_constant(
+        dtype=emb.data_type, shape=[batch_size, emb_dim], value=0.0)
+    layer_1_out = layers.lstm(emb, c_pre_init=c_pre_init, hidden_dim=emb_dim)
+    layer_1_out = layers.transpose(x=layer_1_out, axis=[1, 0, 2])
+
+    prediction = layers.fc(input=layer_1_out, size=class_dim, act="softmax")
+    cost = layers.cross_entropy(input=prediction, label=label)
+
+    avg_cost = layers.mean(x=cost)
+    adam_optimizer = optimizer.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate=0.002)
+    opts = adam_optimizer.minimize(avg_cost)
+    acc = layers.accuracy(input=prediction, label=label)
+
+    return avg_cost, acc
+
+
+def to_lodtensor(data, place):
+    seq_lens = [len(seq) for seq in data]
+    cur_len = 0
+    lod = [cur_len]
+    for l in seq_lens:
+        cur_len += l
+        lod.append(cur_len)
+    flattened_data = np.concatenate(data, axis=0).astype("int64")
+    flattened_data = flattened_data.reshape([len(flattened_data), 1])
+    res = core.LoDTensor()
+    res.set(flattened_data, place)
+    res.set_lod([lod])
+    return res
+
+
+def chop_data(data, chop_len=80, batch_len=50):
+    data = [(x[0][:chop_len], x[1]) for x in data if len(x[0]) >= chop_len]
+
+    return data[:batch_len]
+
+
+def prepare_feed_data(data, place):
+    tensor_words = to_lodtensor(map(lambda x: x[0], data), place)
+
+    label = np.array(map(lambda x: x[1], data)).astype("int64")
+    label = label.reshape([50, 1])
+    tensor_label = core.LoDTensor()
+    tensor_label.set(label, place)
+
+    return tensor_words, tensor_label
+
+
+def main():
+    word_dict = paddle.dataset.imdb.word_dict()
+    cost, acc = lstm_net(dict_dim=len(word_dict), class_dim=2)
+
+    batch_size = 100
+    train_data = paddle.batch(
+        paddle.reader.buffered(
+            paddle.dataset.imdb.train(word_dict), size=batch_size * 10),
+        batch_size=batch_size)
+
+    data = chop_data(next(train_data()))
+
+    place = core.CPUPlace()
+    tensor_words, tensor_label = prepare_feed_data(data, place)
+    exe = Executor(place)
+    exe.run(g_startup_program)
+
+    while True:
+        outs = exe.run(g_main_program,
+                       feed={"words": tensor_words,
+                             "label": tensor_label},
+                       fetch_list=[cost, acc])
+        cost_val = np.array(outs[0])
+        acc_val = np.array(outs[1])
+
+        print("cost=" + str(cost_val) + " acc=" + str(acc_val))
+        if acc_val > 0.9:
+            break
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

python/paddle/v2/image.py

-import numpy as np
-try:
-    import cv2
-except ImportError:
-    cv2 = None
-import os
-import tarfile
-import cPickle
-
-__all__ = [
-    "load_image_bytes", "load_image", "resize_short", "to_chw", "center_crop",
-    "random_crop", "left_right_flip", "simple_transform", "load_and_transform",
-    "batch_images_from_tar"
-]
 """
 This file contains some common interfaces for image preprocess.
 Many users are confused about the image layout. We introduce
 the image layout as follows.
 
 - CHW Layout
+
   - The abbreviations: C=channel, H=Height, W=Width
   - The default layout of image opened by cv2 or PIL is HWC.
     PaddlePaddle only supports the CHW layout. And CHW is simply
     a transpose of HWC. It must transpose the input image.
 
 - Color format: RGB or BGR
+
   OpenCV use BGR color format. PIL use RGB color format. Both
   formats can be used for training. Noted that, the format should
   be keep consistent between the training and inference peroid.
 """
+import numpy as np
+try:
+    import cv2
+except ImportError:
+    cv2 = None
+import os
+import tarfile
+import cPickle
+
+__all__ = [
+    "load_image_bytes", "load_image", "resize_short", "to_chw", "center_crop",
+    "random_crop", "left_right_flip", "simple_transform", "load_and_transform",
+    "batch_images_from_tar"
+]
 
 
 def batch_images_from_tar(data_file,
@@ -36,17 +38,18 @@ def batch_images_from_tar(data_file,
                           num_per_batch=1024):
     """
     Read images from tar file and batch them into batch file.
-    param data_file: path of image tar file
-    type data_file: string
-    param dataset_name: 'train','test' or 'valid'
-    type dataset_name: string
-    param img2label: a dic with image file name as key 
+
+    :param data_file: path of image tar file
+    :type data_file: string
+    :param dataset_name: 'train','test' or 'valid'
+    :type dataset_name: string
+    :param img2label: a dic with image file name as key 
                     and image's label as value
-    type img2label: dic
-    param num_per_batch: image number per batch file
-    type num_per_batch: int
-    return: path of list file containing paths of batch file
-    rtype: string
+    :type img2label: dic
+    :param num_per_batch: image number per batch file
+    :type num_per_batch: int
+    :return: path of list file containing paths of batch file
+    :rtype: string
     """
     batch_dir = data_file + "_batch"
     out_path = "%s/%s" % (batch_dir, dataset_name)
@@ -99,14 +102,16 @@ def load_image_bytes(bytes, is_color=True):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         with open('cat.jpg') as f:
             im = load_image_bytes(f.read())
 
     :param bytes: the input image bytes array.
-    :type file: str
+    :type bytes: str
     :param is_color: If set is_color True, it will load and
                      return a color image. Otherwise, it will
                      load and return a gray image.
+    :type is_color: bool
     """
     flag = 1 if is_color else 0
     file_bytes = np.asarray(bytearray(bytes), dtype=np.uint8)
@@ -121,6 +126,7 @@ def load_image(file, is_color=True):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = load_image('cat.jpg')
 
     :param file: the input image path.
@@ -128,6 +134,7 @@ def load_image(file, is_color=True):
     :param is_color: If set is_color True, it will load and
                      return a color image. Otherwise, it will
                      load and return a gray image.
+    :type is_color: bool
     """
     # cv2.IMAGE_COLOR for OpenCV3
     # cv2.CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR for older OpenCV Version
@@ -147,6 +154,7 @@ def resize_short(im, size):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = load_image('cat.jpg')
         im = resize_short(im, 256)
     
@@ -175,6 +183,7 @@ def to_chw(im, order=(2, 0, 1)):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = load_image('cat.jpg')
         im = resize_short(im, 256)
         im = to_chw(im)
@@ -196,6 +205,7 @@ def center_crop(im, size, is_color=True):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = center_crop(im, 224)
     
     :param im: the input image with HWC layout.
@@ -223,6 +233,7 @@ def random_crop(im, size, is_color=True):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = random_crop(im, 224)
     
     :param im: the input image with HWC layout.
@@ -251,6 +262,7 @@ def left_right_flip(im):
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = left_right_flip(im)
     
     :paam im: input image with HWC layout
@@ -275,6 +287,7 @@ def simple_transform(im,
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = simple_transform(im, 256, 224, True)
 
     :param im: The input image with HWC layout.
@@ -285,6 +298,11 @@ def simple_transform(im,
     :type crop_size: int
     :param is_train: Whether it is training or not.
     :type is_train: bool
+    :param is_color: whether the image is color or not.
+    :type is_color: bool
+    :param mean: the mean values, which can be element-wise mean values or 
+                 mean values per channel.
+    :type mean: numpy array | list
     """
     im = resize_short(im, resize_size)
     if is_train:
@@ -324,6 +342,7 @@ def load_and_transform(filename,
     Example usage:
     
     .. code-block:: python
+
         im = load_and_transform('cat.jpg', 256, 224, True)
 
     :param filename: The file name of input image.
@@ -334,6 +353,11 @@ def load_and_transform(filename,
     :type crop_size: int
     :param is_train: Whether it is training or not.
     :type is_train: bool
+    :param is_color: whether the image is color or not.
+    :type is_color: bool
+    :param mean: the mean values, which can be element-wise mean values or 
+                 mean values per channel.
+    :type mean: numpy array | list
     """
     im = load_image(filename)
     im = simple_transform(im, resize_size, crop_size, is_train, is_color, mean)