auto_parallel_gradient_merge.py

# Copyright (c) 2021 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import numpy as np
from collections import OrderedDict
from typing import List, Tuple, Dict, Any

import paddle
from paddle.framework import core
from paddle.fluid import layers
from paddle.fluid.framework import program_guard, device_guard
from .pass_base import PassBase, PassType, register_pass
from paddle.distributed.auto_parallel.utils import set_var_dist_attr, is_optimize_op, OpRole, OP_ROLE_KEY
from paddle.distributed.auto_parallel.utils import naive_set_dist_op_attr_for_program_by_mesh_and_mapping
from paddle.distributed.auto_parallel.process_group import get_world_process_group

world_process_group = get_world_process_group()


def _remove_and_get_optimizer_op(main_program, dist_context):
    # 1 create tmp block
    # 2 mv optimizer op from global program to tmp block
    # 3 del the op from dist_context
    main_block = main_program.global_block()
    temp_block = main_program._create_block()
    removed_op_idx = []
    optimize_ops_desc = []
    for idx, op in enumerate(main_block.ops):
        if is_optimize_op(op):
            # append optimizer op to tmp block
            new_op_desc = temp_block.desc.append_op()
            new_op_desc.copy_from(op.desc)
            optimize_ops_desc.append(new_op_desc)
            removed_op_idx.append(idx)

            # del op from dist_context
            if dist_context:
                dist_context.del_dist_op_for_program(op)

    for idx in removed_op_idx[::-1]:
        main_block._remove_op(idx, sync=False)
    main_block._sync_with_cpp()

    return optimize_ops_desc


def _remove_op_role_var(param, grad):
    op_maker = core.op_proto_and_checker_maker
    op = grad.op
    if op.has_attr(op_maker.kOpRoleVarAttrName()):
        op._remove_attr(op_maker.kOpRoleVarAttrName())


def _get_gm_cond_var(main_program, k_steps, dist_context):
    main_block = main_program.global_block()
    # Add const var
    k_step_var = layers.create_global_var(name="gradient_merge_k",
                                          shape=[1],
                                          value=int(k_steps),
                                          dtype='int32',
                                          persistable=True,
                                          force_cpu=True)
    set_var_dist_attr(dist_context, k_step_var, [-1], world_process_group.ranks)

    zero_var = layers.create_global_var(name="gradient_merge_zero",
                                        shape=[1],
                                        value=int(0),
                                        dtype='int32',
                                        persistable=True,
                                        force_cpu=True)
    set_var_dist_attr(dist_context, zero_var, [-1], world_process_group.ranks)

    # Add step var & cond var
    step_var = layers.create_global_var(name="gradient_merge_step",
                                        shape=[1],
                                        value=int(0),
                                        dtype='int32',
                                        persistable=True,
                                        force_cpu=True)
    set_var_dist_attr(dist_context, step_var, [-1], world_process_group.ranks)

    cond_var = main_block.create_var(name="gradient_merge_cond",
                                     shape=[1],
                                     dtype='bool')
    set_var_dist_attr(dist_context, cond_var, [-1], world_process_group.ranks)

    with device_guard("cpu"):
        # step_var += 1
        increment_op = main_block.append_op(type='increment',
                                            inputs={'X': [step_var]},
                                            outputs={'Out': [step_var]},
                                            attrs={
                                                'step': float(1.0),
                                                OP_ROLE_KEY: OpRole.Backward
                                            })
        naive_set_dist_op_attr_for_program_by_mesh_and_mapping(
            increment_op, world_process_group.ranks, [-1], dist_context)
        # step_var %= k_step
        elementwise_mod_op = main_block.append_op(type='elementwise_mod',
                                                  inputs={
                                                      'X': step_var,
                                                      'Y': k_step_var
                                                  },
                                                  outputs={'Out': step_var},
                                                  attrs={
                                                      'axis': -1,
                                                      'use_mkldnn': False,
                                                      OP_ROLE_KEY:
                                                      OpRole.Backward
                                                  })
        naive_set_dist_op_attr_for_program_by_mesh_and_mapping(
            elementwise_mod_op, world_process_group.ranks, [-1], dist_context)
        # cond_var = (step_var == 0)
        equal_op = main_block.append_op(type='equal',
                                        inputs={
                                            'X': step_var,
                                            'Y': zero_var
                                        },
                                        outputs={'Out': cond_var},
                                        attrs={OP_ROLE_KEY: OpRole.Backward})
        naive_set_dist_op_attr_for_program_by_mesh_and_mapping(
            equal_op, world_process_group.ranks, [-1], dist_context)

    return cond_var


def _append_gradient_merge_backward_op(
        main_program, startup_program, params_grads: List[Tuple[Any, Any]],
        dist_context) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[Any, Any]], Dict[str, Any]]:
    main_block = main_program.global_block()
    startup_block = startup_program.global_block()

    # step1: remove grad.op's op_role_var
    for param, grad in params_grads:
        assert (
            param.type != core.VarDesc.VarType.SELECTED_ROWS
        ), "SELECTED_ROWS is not supported in GradientMergeOptimizer for now"

        _remove_op_role_var(param, grad)

    # {grad.name: gradient_merge_var.name} to rename opt inputs
    grad_to_gradient_merge = {}
    # {param: gradient_merge_var} to insert scale op and fill_constant op
    new_params_to_grads = []
    # step2: create gradient_merge var and init with 0
    for param, grad in params_grads:
        param_name = param.name
        param_var = main_block.var(param_name)
        assert (param_var is not None)
        ref_dist_attr = dist_context.get_tensor_dist_attr_for_program(param_var)
        assert ref_dist_attr is not None
        gradient_merge_var = main_block.create_var(name=param_name +
                                                   "@GRAD@GradientMerge",
                                                   shape=param_var.shape,
                                                   dtype=param_var.dtype,
                                                   persistable=True)
        ref_process_mesh = ref_dist_attr.process_mesh
        ref_dims_mapping = ref_dist_attr.dims_mapping

        set_var_dist_attr(dist_context, gradient_merge_var, ref_dims_mapping,
                          ref_process_mesh)

        startup_gradient_merge_var = startup_block.create_var(
            name=param_name + "@GRAD@GradientMerge",
            shape=param_var.shape,
            dtype=param_var.dtype,
            persistable=True)
        startup_block.append_op(type="fill_constant",
                                outputs={"Out": startup_gradient_merge_var},
                                attrs={
                                    "shape": param_var.shape,
                                    "dtype": param_var.dtype,
                                    "value": float(0),
                                })

        # grad_merge += grad
        new_grad_op = main_block.append_op(type="elementwise_add",
                                           inputs={
                                               'X': grad,
                                               'Y': gradient_merge_var
                                           },
                                           outputs={'Out': gradient_merge_var},
                                           attrs={
                                               'axis': -1,
                                               'use_mkldnn': False,
                                               OP_ROLE_KEY: OpRole.Backward
                                           })
        new_params_to_grads.append([param, gradient_merge_var])
        grad_to_gradient_merge[grad.name] = gradient_merge_var.name
        naive_set_dist_op_attr_for_program_by_mesh_and_mapping(
            new_grad_op, ref_process_mesh, ref_dims_mapping, dist_context)
    return new_params_to_grads, grad_to_gradient_merge


def _create_cond_block_and_update_optimizer(
        main_program, cond_var, new_params_to_grads: List[Tuple[Any, Any]],
        grad_to_gradient_merge: Dict[str, str], optimize_ops_desc: List[Any],
        k_steps, avg):

    def true_apply_gradient():
        cur_block_idx = main_program.current_block_idx
        cur_block = main_program.current_block()

        # cur_block's forward_block & backward_block is itself
        cur_block._set_forward_block_idx(cur_block_idx)
        op_maker = core.op_proto_and_checker_maker
        if avg:
            for param, new_grad in new_params_to_grads:
                # grad /= k_steps
                cur_block.append_op(type='scale',
                                    inputs={'X': new_grad},
                                    outputs={'Out': new_grad},
                                    attrs={
                                        'scale': 1.0 / k_steps,
                                        'bias': 0.0,
                                        'bias_after_scale': False
                                    })
                new_grad.op._set_attr(OP_ROLE_KEY, OpRole.Optimize)

        # append optimizer ops
        for op_desc in optimize_ops_desc:
            new_op_desc = cur_block.desc.append_op()
            new_op_desc.copy_from(op_desc)

            #update input/output
            for input_name in new_op_desc.input_arg_names():
                if input_name in grad_to_gradient_merge:
                    new_op_desc._rename_input(
                        input_name, grad_to_gradient_merge[input_name])

            for output_name in new_op_desc.output_arg_names():
                if output_name in grad_to_gradient_merge:
                    new_op_desc._rename_output(
                        output_name, grad_to_gradient_merge[output_name])

            # remove op_role_var
            if new_op_desc.has_attr(op_maker.kOpRoleVarAttrName()):
                new_op_desc.remove_attr(op_maker.kOpRoleVarAttrName())

            # op's update Grad
            if core.grad_var_suffix() in new_op_desc.input_arg_names():
                grad_value = new_op_desc.input("Grad")[0]
                # TODO FIXME(xym) support fp16
                grad_merge_value = grad_value + '@GradientMerge'
                new_op_desc.set_input("Grad", [grad_merge_value])

        main_program.global_block()._sync_with_cpp()
        cur_block._sync_with_cpp()

        # clear gradient_merge_vars
        for param, new_grad in new_params_to_grads:
            layers.fill_constant(shape=new_grad.shape,
                                 dtype=new_grad.dtype,
                                 value=0.0,
                                 out=new_grad)
            new_grad.op._set_attr(OP_ROLE_KEY, op_maker.OpRole.Optimize)

    layers.cond(cond_var, true_fn=true_apply_gradient, false_fn=None)
    cond_op = main_program.global_block().ops[-1]
    cond_op._set_attr(OP_ROLE_KEY, OpRole.Optimize)


def parse_program(main_program, startup_program, params_grads, k_steps, avg,
                  dist_context):
    # 1 remove optimizer_op from main_program
    optimize_ops_desc = _remove_and_get_optimizer_op(main_program, dist_context)

    # back to block 0
    main_program._rollback()

    # 2 append gradient merge backward op to main_program
    new_params_to_grads, grad_to_gradient_merge = _append_gradient_merge_backward_op(
        main_program, startup_program, params_grads, dist_context)

    # 3 create gradient_merge_cond
    cond_var = _get_gm_cond_var(main_program, k_steps, dist_context)

    # 4 create ConditionalBlock and append gradient merge optimizer ops
    _create_cond_block_and_update_optimizer(main_program, cond_var,
                                            new_params_to_grads,
                                            grad_to_gradient_merge,
                                            optimize_ops_desc, k_steps, avg)


@register_pass("auto_parallel_gradient_merge_pass")
class GradientMergePass(PassBase):

    def __init__(self):
        super(GradientMergePass, self).__init__()
        self.set_attr("k_steps", -1)
        self.set_attr("avg", True)

    def _check_self(self):
        if self.get_attr("k_steps") < 1:
            return False
        return True

    def _check_conflict(self, other_pass):
        return True

    def _type(self):
        return PassType.COMM_OPT

    def _apply_single_impl(self, main_program, startup_program, context):
        k_steps = self.get_attr("k_steps", -1)
        avg = self.get_attr("avg", False)
        dist_context = self.get_attr("dist_context")
        params_grads = self.get_attr("params_grads")
        with paddle.static.program_guard(main_program, startup_program):
            parse_program(main_program, startup_program, params_grads, k_steps,
                          avg, dist_context)

        main_program._sync_with_cpp()