This reverts commit 5d2ef070.

- Fixed some style issues.

Starting to enforce our coding style. The first step is that we’ve pulled in Rubocop to check out Ruby syntax. There is likely a bit of customization to do yet AND there is definitely that backlog of todo’s that we just told it to ignore.

Altered the rake build so that it passes. The example_3 shows off
some failing tests, so the rake build has to ignore those.
Update .gitignore file with executables from examples

Primarily -
* Added "static" to static functions.
* Added proper signature with "void" to functions without arguments.
* Marked unused arguments with "(void)".
* Removed entirely unused static functions.
* Added "const" to preserve const-correctness.
* Added function prototypes for external functions.

rearranged project to centralize all self-test stuff under test directory. only pull in includes when required.

 *  Renamed example x to example 3