both kernel and glibc define it only on x86(_64).

this is needed for qemu, and since it differs for each arch
it can't be circumvented easily by using a macro in CFLAGS.

the issue is identical to the recent commit fixing the mips versions:
despite other implementations doing this, it conflicts with the
requirements of ISO C and it's a waste of time and code size.

previously, everything was going through an intermediate conversion to
long double, which caused the extern __fpclassifyl function to get
invoked, preventing virtually all optimizations of these operations.

with the new code, tests on constant float or double arguments compile
to a constant 0 or 1, and tests on non-constant expressions are
efficient. I may later add support for __builtin versions on compilers
that support them.

nothing in the standard requires or even allows the fenv state to be
restored by longjmp. restoring the exception flags is not such a big
deal since it's probably valid to clobber them completely, but
restoring the rounding mode yields an observable side effect not
sanctioned by ISO C. saving/restoring it also wastes a few cycles and
16 bytes of code.

as for historical behavior, reportedly SGI IRIX did save/restore fenv,
and this is where glibc and uClibc got the behavior from. a few other
systems save/restore it too (on archs other than mips), even though
this is apparently wrong. further details are documented here:

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~williams/archive/computation/setjmp-fpmode.html

as musl aims for standards conformance rather than coddling historical
programs expecting non-conforming behavior, and as it's unlikely that
any historical programs actually depend on the incorrect behavior
(such programs would break on other archs, anyway), I'm making the
change not to save/restore fenv on mips.

due to some historical oddity, these are considered libc headers
rather than kernel headers. the kernel used to provide them too, but
it seems modern kernels do not install them, so let's just do the
easiest thing and provide them. stripped-down versions provided by
John Spencer.

apparently recent gcc versions have intentionally broken the
traditional definition by treating it as a non-constant expression.
the traditional definition may also be problematic for c++ programs.

for some reason I have not been able to determine, gcc 3.2 rejects the
array notation. this seems to be a gcc bug, but since it's easy to
work around, let's do the workaround and avoid gratuitously requiring
newer compilers.

reportedly this is a semi-common practice among some BSDs and a few
other systems, and will improve application compatibility.

previously, a few BSD features were enabled only by _BSD_SOURCE, not
by _GNU_SOURCE. since _BSD_SOURCE is default in the absence of other
feature test macros, this made adding _GNU_SOURCE to a project not a
purely additive feature test macro; it actually caused some features
to be suppressed.

most of the changes made by this patch actually bring musl in closer
alignment with the glibc behavior for _GNU_SOURCE. the only exceptions
are the added visibility of functions like strlcpy which were BSD-only
due to being disliked/rejected by glibc maintainers. here, I feel the
consistency of having _GNU_SOURCE mean "everything", and especially
the property of it being purely additive, are more valuable than
hiding functions which glibc does not have.

most importantly, the format/scan macros for the [u]int_fast16_t and
[u]int_fast32_t types were defined incorrectly assuming these types
would match the native word/pointer size. this is incorrect on any
64-bit system; the "fast" types for 16- and 32-bit integers are simply
int.

another issue which was "only a warning" (despite being UB) is that
the choice of "l" versus "ll" was incorrect for 64-bit types on 64-bit
machines. while it would "work" to always use "long long" for 64-bit
types, we use "long" on 64-bit machines to match what glibc does and
what the ABI documents recommend. the macro definitions were probably
right in very old versions of musl, but became wrong when we aligned
most closely with the 'standard' ABI. checking UINTPTR_MAX is an easy
way to get the system wordsize without pulling in new headers.

finally, the useless __PRIPTR macro to allow the underlying type of
[u]intptr_t to vary has been removed. we are using "long" on all
targets, and thankfully this matches what glibc does, so I do not
envision ever needing to change it. thus, the "l" has just been
incorporated directly in the strings.

this fixes a regression related to the changes made to bits/signal.h
between 0.9.7 and 0.9.8 that broke some (non-portable) software.

previously, shared library constructors were being called before
important internal things like the environment (extern char **environ)
and hwcap flags (needed for sjlj to work right with float on arm) were
initialized in __libc_start_main. rather than trying to have to
dynamic linker make sure this stuff all gets initialized right, I've
opted to just defer calling shared library constructors until after
the main program's entry point is reached. this also fixes the order
of ctors to be the exact reverse of dtors, which is a desirable
property and possibly even mandated by some languages.

the main practical effect of this change is that shared libraries
calling getenv from ctors will no longer fail.

these should have little/no practical impact but they're needed for
strict conformance.

if these are to be supported, they belong in the main stat.h, not
repeated for each arch.

the missing check did not affect the default profile, since it has
both _XOPEN_SOURCE and _BSD_SOURCE defined, but it did break programs
which explicitly define _BSD_SOURCE, causing it to be the only feature
test macro present.

these structures are purely for use by trace/debug tools and tools
working with core files. the definition of fpregset_t, which was
previously here, has been removed because it was wrong; fpregset_t
should be the type used in mcontext_t, not the type used in
ptrace/core stuff.

actually, the hard-coded name should be eliminated too, and replaced
by a search for the soname in the headers, but that can be done
separately later.

aside from microblaze, these should be roughly correct for all archs
now. some misc junk macros and typedefs are missing, which should
probably be added for max compatibility with trace/debug tools.

it should now really match the kernel. some of the removed padding
corresponded to the difference between user and kernel sigset_t. the
space at the end was redundant with the uc_mcontext member and seems
to have been added as a result of misunderstanding glibc's definition
versus the kernel's.

with these changes, the members/types of mcontext_t and related stuff
should closely match the glibc definitions. unlike glibc, however, the
definitions here avoid using typedefs as much as possible and work
directly with the underlying types, to minimize namespace pollution
from signal.h in the default (_BSD_SOURCE) profile.

this is a first step in improving compatibility with applications
which poke at context/register information -- mainly debuggers, trace
utilities, etc. additional definitions in ucontext.h and other headers
may be needed later.

if feature test macros are used to request a conforming namespace,
mcontext_t is replaced with an opaque structure of the equivalent size
and alignment; conforming programs cannot examine its contents anyway.

these fields were wrongly copied from the kernel's ppc64 struct def

unlike the previous definition, NSIG/_NSIG is supposed to be one more
than the highest signal number. adding this will allow simplifying
libc-internal code that makes signal-related syscalls, which can be
done as a later step. some apps might use it too; while this usage is
questionable, it's at least not insane.

also handle the non-GNUC case where alignment attribute is not available
by simply omitting it. this will not cause problems except for
inclusion of mcontex_t/ucontext_t in application-defined structures,
since the natural alignment of the uc_mcontext member relative to the
start of ucontext_t is already correct. and shame on whoever designed
this for making it impossible to satisfy the ABI requirements without
GNUC extensions.

sigsetjmp: store temporaries in jmp_buf rather than on stack.