the definitions are generic for all kernel archs. exposure of these
macros now only occurs on the same feature test as for the function
accepting them, which is believed to be more correct.

both the kernel and glibc agree that this argument is unsigned; the
incorrect type ssize_t came from erroneous man pages.

patch by Justin Cormack, with slight modification

the old behavior of exposing nothing except plain ISO C can be
obtained by defining __STRICT_ANSI__ or using a compiler option (such
as -std=c99) that predefines it. the new default featureset is POSIX
with XSI plus _BSD_SOURCE. any explicit feature test macros will
inhibit the default.

installation docs have also been updated to reflect this change.

this is ugly and stupid, but now that the *64 symbol names exist, a
lot of broken GNU software detects them in configure, then either
breaks during build due to missing off64_t definition, or attempts to
compile without function declarations/prototypes. "fixing" it here is
easier than telling everyone to add yet another feature test macro to
their builds.

patch by Isaac Dunham. matched closely (maybe not exact) to glibc's
idea of what _BSD_SOURCE should make visible.