this functionality has essentially always been deprecated in linux,
and was never supported by musl. the presence of the header was
reported to cause some software to attempt to use the nonexistant
function, so removing the header is the cleanest solution.

this was wrong since the original commit adding inotify, and I don't
see any explanation for it. not even the man pages have it wrong. it
was most likely a copy-and-paste error.

the type int was taken from seemingly erroneous man pages. glibc uses
in_addr_t (uint32_t), and semantically, the arguments should be
unsigned.

this practice came from very early, before internal/syscall.h defined
macros that could accept pointer arguments directly and handle them
correctly. aside from being ugly and unnecessary, it looks like it
will be problematic when we add support for 32-bit ABIs on archs where
registers (and syscall arguments) are 64-bit, e.g. x32 and mips n32.

this agrees with implementation practice on glibc and BSD systems, and
is the const-correct way to do things; it eliminates warnings from
passing pointers to const. the prototype without const came from
seemingly erroneous man pages.

the header is included only as a guard to check that the declaration
and definition match, so the typo didn't cause any breakage aside
from omitting this check.

the reasons are the same as for sbrk. unlike sbrk, there is no safe
usage because brk does not return any useful information, so it should
just fail unconditionally.

use of sbrk is never safe; it conflicts with malloc, and malloc may be
used internally by the implementation basically anywhere. prior to
this change, applications attempting to use sbrk to do their own heap
management simply caused untrackable memory corruption; now, they will
fail with ENOMEM allowing the errors to be fixed.

sbrk(0) is still permitted as a way to get the current brk; some
misguided applications use this as a measurement of their memory
usage or for other related purposes, and such usage is harmless.

eventually sbrk may be re-added if/when malloc is changed to avoid
using the brk by using mmap for all allocations.

ssi_ptr is really 64-bit in kernel, so fix that. assuming sizeof(void*)
for it also caused incorrect padding for 32-bits, as the following
64-bits are aligned to 64-bits (and the padding was not taken into
account), so fix the padding as well. add addr_lsb field while there.

based on patch by Timo Teräs; greatly simplified to use fprintf.

based on patch by Timo Teräs.

based on patch by Timo Teräs.

the workaround/fallback code for supporting O_PATH file descriptors
when the kernel lacks support for performing these operations on them
caused EBADF to get replaced by ENOENT (due to missing entry in
/proc/self/fd). this is unlikely to affect real-world code (calls that
might yield EBADF are generally unsafe, especially in library code)
but it was breaking some test cases.

the fix I've applied is something of a tradeoff: it adds one syscall
to these operations on kernels where the workaround is needed. the
alternative would be to catch ENOENT from the /proc lookup and
translate it to EBADF, but I want to avoid doing that in the interest
of not touching/depending on /proc at all in these functions as long
as the kernel correctly supports the operations. this is following the
general principle of isolating hacks to code paths that are taken on
broken systems, and keeping the code for correct systems completely
hack-free.

the ABI allows the callee to clobber stack slots that correspond to
arguments passed in registers, so the caller must adjust the stack
pointer to reserve space appropriately. prior to this fix, the argv
array was possibly clobbered by dynamic linker code before passing
control to the main program.

our getcwd already (as an extension) supports allocation of a buffer
when the buffer argument is a null pointer, so there's no need to
duplicate the allocation logic in this wrapper function. duplicating
it is actually harmful in that it doubles the stack usage from
PATH_MAX to 2*PATH_MAX.

and thereby remove otherwise-unnecessary inclusion of stddef.h

at most 4 hexadecimal digits are processed in one field so the
value cannot overflow. the netdb.h header was not used.

this makes the prototypes in math.h are visible so they are checked agaist
the function definitions

this is purely a wrapper for close since Linux does not support EINTR
semantics for the close syscall.

the wildcard function in GNU make includes dangling symlinks; if any
exist under the .git directory, they would get added as dependencies,
causing make to exit with an error due to lacking a rule to build the
missing file.

as far as I can tell, git operations which should force version.h to
be rebuilt must all touch the mtime of the top-level .git directory.

historically these functions appeared in BSD 4.3 without prototypes,
then in the bind project prototypes were added to resolv.h, but those
were incompatible with the definitions of the implementation.
the bind resolv.h became the defacto api most systems use now, but the
old internal definitions found their way into the linux manuals and thus
into musl.

based on patch by Richard Pennington, who initially reported the
issue.

previously this flag was defined and accepted as a no-op, possibly
breaking some software that uses it. given the choice to remove the
definition and possibly break applications that were already working,
or simply implement the feature, the latter turned out to be easy
enough to make the decision easy.

in the case where the FNM_PATHNAME flag is also set, this
implementation is clean and essentially optimal. otherwise, it's an
inefficient "brute force" implementation. at some point, when cleaning
up and refactoring this code, I may add a more direct code path for
handling FNM_LEADING_DIR in the non-FNM_PATHNAME case, but at this
point my main interest is avoiding introducing new bugs in the code
that implements the standard fnmatch features specified by POSIX.

at least a couple of these are used on BSD too, and the FNM_*
namespace is reserved in fnmatch.h anyway.

this is still experimental and subject to change. for git checkouts,
an attempt is made to record the exact revision to aid in bug reports
and debugging. no version information is recorded in the static libc.a
or binaries it's linked into.

the FNM_PATHNAME logic for advancing by /-delimited components was
incorrect when the / character was escaped (i.e. \/), and a final \ at
the end of pattern was not handled correctly.

a '/' in the pattern could be incorrectly matched against the
terminating null byte in the string causing arbitrarily long
sequence of out-of-bounds access in fnmatch("/","",FNM_PATHNAME)

a v6 socket will only be used if there is at least one v6 nameserver
address. if the kernel lacks v6 support, the code will fall back to
using a v4 socket and requests to v6 servers will silently fail. when
using a v6 socket, v4 addresses are converted to v4-mapped form and
setsockopt is used to ensure that the v6 socket can accept both v4 and
v6 traffic (this is on-by-default on Linux but the default is
configurable in /proc and so it needs to be set explicitly on the
socket level). this scheme avoids increasing resource usage during
lookups and allows the existing network io loop to be used without
modification.

previously, nameservers whose address family did not match the address
family of the first-listed nameserver were simply ignored. prior to
recent __ipparse fixes, they were not ignored but erroneously parsed.