Impact: Remove obsolete API usage

any_online_cpu() is a good name, but it takes a cpumask_t, not a
pointer.

There are several places where any_online_cpu() doesn't really want a
mask arg at all.  Replace all callers with cpumask_any() and
cpumask_any_and().
Signed-off-by: NRusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NMike Travis <travis@sgi.com>

Impact: fix warnings-limit cutoff check for debug feature

unsigned sysctl_hung_task_warnings cannot be less than 0
Signed-off-by: NRoel Kluin <roel.kluin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

It's somewhat unlikely that it happens, but right now a race window
between interrupts or machine checks or oopses could corrupt the tainted
bitmap because it is modified in a non atomic fashion.

Convert the taint variable to an unsigned long and use only atomic bit
operations on it.

Unfortunately this means the intvec sysctl functions cannot be used on it
anymore.

It turned out the taint sysctl handler could actually be simplified a bit
(since it only increases capabilities) so this patch actually removes
code.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded include]
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Andrew says:

> Seems that about 100% of the reports we get of this warning triggering
> are sys_sync, transaction commit, etc.

increase the timeout. If it still triggers for people, we can kill it.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The recent commit 16d9679f33caf7e683471647d1472bfe133d858 changed
check_hung_task() to filter out the TASK_KILLABLE tasks. We can
move this check to the caller which has to test t->state anyway.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Acked-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pulling the ethernet cable on a 2.6.27-rc system with NFS mounts
currently leads to an ongoing flood of soft lockup detector backtraces
for all tasks blocked on the NFS mounts when the hickup takes
longer than 120s.

I don't think NFS problems should be all that noisy.

Luckily there's a reasonably easy way to distingush this case.

Don't report task softlockup warnings for tasks in TASK_KILLABLE
state, which is used by the network file systems.

I believe this patch is a 2.6.27 candidate.
Signed-off-by: NAndi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

A previous patch added the early_initcall(), to allow a cleaner hooking of
pre-SMP initcalls.  Now we remove the older interface, converting all
existing users to the new one.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanups]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: warning fix]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: warning fix]
Signed-off-by: NEduard - Gabriel Munteanu <eduard.munteanu@linux360.ro>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <tzanussi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NKOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Most places in the kernel that go BUG: print a module list
(which is very useful for doing statistics and finding patterns),
however the softlockup detector does not do this yet.

This patch adds the one line change to fix this gap.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The print_timestamp can never be bigger than the touch_timestamp, at
maximum it can be equal.  And if it is, the second check for
touch_timestamp + 1 bigger print_timestamp is always true, too.

The check for equality is sufficient as we proceed in one-second-steps
and are at least one second away from the last print-out if we have
another timestamp.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Updating the timestamp more often is pointless as we print the warnings
only if we exceed the threshold.  And the check for hung tasks relies on
the last timestamp, so it will keep working correctly, too.
Signed-off-by: NJohannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This patch adds some information about when interrupts were last
enabled and disabled to the output of the softlockup detector.
Signed-off-by: NVegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@saeurebad.de>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The touch_nmi_watchdog() routine on x86 ultimately calls
touch_softlockup_watchdog().  The problem is that to touch the
softlockup watchdog, the cpu_clock code has to be called which could
involve multiple cpu locks and can lead to a hard hang if one of the
locks is held by a processor that is not going to return anytime soon
(such as could be the case with kgdb or perhaps even with some other
kind of exception).

This patch causes the public version of the
touch_softlockup_watchdog() to defer the cpu clock access to a later
point.

The test case for this problem is to use the following kernel config
options:

CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS=y
CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS_ON_BOOT=y
CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS_BOOT_STRING="V1F100I100000"

It should be noted that kgdb test suite and these options were not
available until 2.6.26-rc2, so it was necessary to patch the kgdb
test suite during the bisection.

I would consider this patch a regression fix because the problem first
appeared in commit 27ec4407 when some
logic was added to try to periodically sync the clocks.  It was
possible to work around this particular problem by simply not
performing the sync anytime the system was in a critical context.
This was ok until commit 3e51f33f,
which added config option CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK and some
multi-cpu locks to sync the clocks.  It became clear that accessing
this code from an nmi was the source of the lockups.  Avoiding the
access to the low level clock code from an code inside the NMI
processing also fixed the problem with the 27ec44... commit.
Signed-off-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Most places in the kernel that go BUG: print a module list
(which is very useful for doing statistics and finding patterns),
however the softlockup detector does not do this yet.

This patch adds the one line change to fix this gap.
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

The touch_nmi_watchdog() routine on x86 ultimately calls
touch_softlockup_watchdog().  The problem is that to touch the
softlockup watchdog, the cpu_clock code has to be called which could
involve multiple cpu locks and can lead to a hard hang if one of the
locks is held by a processor that is not going to return anytime soon
(such as could be the case with kgdb or perhaps even with some other
kind of exception).

This patch causes the public version of the
touch_softlockup_watchdog() to defer the cpu clock access to a later
point.

The test case for this problem is to use the following kernel config
options:

CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS=y
CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS_ON_BOOT=y
CONFIG_KGDB_TESTS_BOOT_STRING="V1F100I100000"

It should be noted that kgdb test suite and these options were not
available until 2.6.26-rc2, so it was necessary to patch the kgdb
test suite during the bisection.

I would consider this patch a regression fix because the problem first
appeared in commit 27ec4407 when some
logic was added to try to periodically sync the clocks.  It was
possible to work around this particular problem by simply not
performing the sync anytime the system was in a critical context.
This was ok until commit 3e51f33f,
which added config option CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK and some
multi-cpu locks to sync the clocks.  It became clear that accessing
this code from an nmi was the source of the lockups.  Avoiding the
access to the low level clock code from an code inside the NMI
processing also fixed the problem with the 27ec44... commit.
Signed-off-by: NJason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Fix unaligned access errors when setting softlockup_thresh on
64 bit platforms.

Allow softlockup detection to be disabled by setting
softlockup_thresh <= 0.

Detect that boot time softlockup detection has been disabled
earlier in softlockup_tick.
Signed-off-by: NDimitri Sivanich <sivanich@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

allow users to configure the softlockup detector to generate a panic
instead of a warning message.

high-availability systems might opt for this strict method (combined
with panic_timeout= boot option/sysctl), instead of generating
softlockup warnings ad infinitum.

also, automated tests work better if the system reboots reliably (into
a safe kernel) in case of a lockup.

The full spectrum of configurability is supported: boot option, sysctl
option and Kconfig option.

it's default-disabled.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

kthread_stop() can be called when a 'watchdog' thread is executing after
kthread_should_stop() but before set_task_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE).
Signed-off-by: NDmitry Adamushko <dmitry.adamushko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Rafael J. Wysocki reported weird, multi-seconds delays during
suspend/resume and bisected it back to:

  commit 82a1fcb9
  Author: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
  Date:   Fri Jan 25 21:08:02 2008 +0100

      softlockup: automatically detect hung TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE tasks

fix it:

 - restore the old wakeup mechanism
 - fix break usage in do_each_thread() { } while_each_thread().
 - fix the hotplug switch stmt, a fall-through case was broken.
Bisected-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: NPeter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Tested-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fix softlockup tunables signedness.

mark tunables read-mostly.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

this patch extends the soft-lockup detector to automatically
detect hung TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE tasks. Such hung tasks are
printed the following way:

 ------------------>
 INFO: task prctl:3042 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
 "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message
 prctl         D fd5e3793     0  3042   2997
        f6050f38 00000046 00000001 fd5e3793 00000009 c06d8264 c06dae80 00000286
        f6050f40 f6050f00 f7d34d90 f7d34fc8 c1e1be80 00000001 f6050000 00000000
        f7e92d00 00000286 f6050f18 c0489d1a f6050f40 00006605 00000000 c0133a5b
 Call Trace:
  [<c04883a5>] schedule_timeout+0x6d/0x8b
  [<c04883d8>] schedule_timeout_uninterruptible+0x15/0x17
  [<c0133a76>] msleep+0x10/0x16
  [<c0138974>] sys_prctl+0x30/0x1e2
  [<c0104c52>] sysenter_past_esp+0x5f/0xa5
  =======================
 2 locks held by prctl/3042:
 #0:  (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#5){--..}, at: [<c0197d11>] do_fsync+0x38/0x7a
 #1:  (jbd_handle){--..}, at: [<c01ca3d2>] journal_start+0xc7/0xe9
 <------------------

the current default timeout is 120 seconds. Such messages are printed
up to 10 times per bootup. If the system has crashed already then the
messages are not printed.

if lockdep is enabled then all held locks are printed as well.

this feature is a natural extension to the softlockup-detector (kernel
locked up without scheduling) and to the NMI watchdog (kernel locked up
with IRQs disabled).

[ Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>: CPU hotplug fixes. ]
[ Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: build warning fix. ]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>

The task_struct->pid member is going to be deprecated, so start
using the helpers (task_pid_nr/task_pid_vnr/task_pid_nr_ns) in
the kernel.

The first thing to start with is the pid, printed to dmesg - in
this case we may safely use task_pid_nr(). Besides, printks produce
more (much more) than a half of all the explicit pid usage.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: git-drm went and changed lots of stuff]
Signed-off-by: NPavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Control the trigger limit for softlockup warnings.  This is useful for
debugging softlockups, by lowering the softlockup_thresh to identify
possible softlockups earlier.

This patch:
1. Adds a sysctl softlockup_thresh with valid values of 1-60s
   (Higher value to disable false positives)
2. Changes the softlockup printk to print the cpu softlockup time

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Fix various warnings and add definition of "two"]
Signed-off-by: NRavikiran Thirumalai <kiran@scalex86.org>
Signed-off-by: NShai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

kernel/softirq.c grew a few style uncleanlinesses in the past few
months, clean that up. No functional changes:

   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
   1126      76       4    1206     4b6 softlockup.o.before
   1129      76       4    1209     4b9 softlockup.o.after

( the 3 bytes .text increase is due to the "<1>" appended to one of
  the printk messages. )
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Improve the debuggability of kernel lockups by enhancing the debug
output of the softlockup detector: print the task that causes the lockup
and try to print a more intelligent backtrace.

The old format was:

  BUG: soft lockup detected on CPU#1!
   [<c0105e4a>] show_trace_log_lvl+0x19/0x2e
   [<c0105f43>] show_trace+0x12/0x14
   [<c0105f59>] dump_stack+0x14/0x16
   [<c015f6bc>] softlockup_tick+0xbe/0xd0
   [<c013457d>] run_local_timers+0x12/0x14
   [<c01346b8>] update_process_times+0x3e/0x63
   [<c0145fb8>] tick_sched_timer+0x7c/0xc0
   [<c0140a75>] hrtimer_interrupt+0x135/0x1ba
   [<c011bde7>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6e/0x80
   [<c0105aa3>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x33/0x38
   [<c0104f8a>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb
   =======================

The new format is:

  BUG: soft lockup detected on CPU#1! [prctl:2363]

  Pid: 2363, comm:                prctl
  EIP: 0060:[<c013915f>] CPU: 1
  EIP is at sys_prctl+0x24/0x18c
   EFLAGS: 00000213    Not tainted  (2.6.22-cfs-v20 #26)
  EAX: 00000001 EBX: 000003e7 ECX: 00000001 EDX: f6df0000
  ESI: 000003e7 EDI: 000003e7 EBP: f6df0fb0 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8
  CR0: 8005003b CR2: 4d8c3340 CR3: 3731d000 CR4: 000006d0
   [<c0105e4a>] show_trace_log_lvl+0x19/0x2e
   [<c0105f43>] show_trace+0x12/0x14
   [<c01040be>] show_regs+0x1ab/0x1b3
   [<c015f807>] softlockup_tick+0xef/0x108
   [<c013457d>] run_local_timers+0x12/0x14
   [<c01346b8>] update_process_times+0x3e/0x63
   [<c0145fcc>] tick_sched_timer+0x7c/0xc0
   [<c0140a89>] hrtimer_interrupt+0x135/0x1ba
   [<c011bde7>] smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6e/0x80
   [<c0105aa3>] apic_timer_interrupt+0x33/0x38
   [<c0104f8a>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb
   =======================

Note that in the old format we only knew that some system call locked
up, we didnt know _which_. With the new format we know that it's at a
specific place in sys_prctl(). [which was where i created an artificial
kernel lockup to test the new format.]

This is also useful if the lockup happens in user-space - the user-space
EIP (and other registers) will be printed too. (such a lockup would
either suggest that the task was running at SCHED_FIFO:99 and looping
for more than 10 seconds, or that the softlockup detector has a
false-positive.)

The task name is printed too first, just in case we dont manage to print
a useful backtrace.

[satyam@infradead.org: fix warning]
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NSatyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

this Xen related commit:

   commit 966812dc
   Author: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
   Date:   Tue May 8 00:28:02 2007 -0700

       Ignore stolen time in the softlockup watchdog

broke the softlockup watchdog to never report any lockups. (!)

print_timestamp defaults to 0, this makes the following condition
always true:

	if (print_timestamp < (touch_timestamp + 1) ||

and we'll in essence never report soft lockups.

apparently the functionality of the soft lockup watchdog was never
actually tested with that patch applied ...
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sched_clock() is not a reliable time-source, use cpu_clock() instead.
Signed-off-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently, the freezer treats all tasks as freezable, except for the kernel
threads that explicitly set the PF_NOFREEZE flag for themselves.  This
approach is problematic, since it requires every kernel thread to either
set PF_NOFREEZE explicitly, or call try_to_freeze(), even if it doesn't
care for the freezing of tasks at all.

It seems better to only require the kernel threads that want to or need to
be frozen to use some freezer-related code and to remove any
freezer-related code from the other (nonfreezable) kernel threads, which is
done in this patch.

The patch causes all kernel threads to be nonfreezable by default (ie.  to
have PF_NOFREEZE set by default) and introduces the set_freezable()
function that should be called by the freezable kernel threads in order to
unset PF_NOFREEZE.  It also makes all of the currently freezable kernel
threads call set_freezable(), so it shouldn't cause any (intentional)
change of behaviour to appear.  Additionally, it updates documentation to
describe the freezing of tasks more accurately.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fixes]
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: NNigel Cunningham <nigel@nigel.suspend2.net>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since nonboot CPUs are now disabled after tasks and devices have been
frozen and the CPU hotplug infrastructure is used for this purpose, we need
special CPU hotplug notifications that will help the CPU-hotplug-aware
subsystems distinguish normal CPU hotplug events from CPU hotplug events
related to a system-wide suspend or resume operation in progress.  This
patch introduces such notifications and causes them to be used during
suspend and resume transitions.  It also changes all of the
CPU-hotplug-aware subsystems to take these notifications into consideration
(for now they are handled in the same way as the corresponding "normal"
ones).

[oleg@tv-sign.ru: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: NRafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Gautham R Shenoy <ego@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add touch_all_softlockup_watchdogs() to allow the softlockup watchdog
timers on all cpus to be updated.  This is used to prevent sysrq-t from
generating a spurious watchdog message when generating lots of output.

Softlockup watchdogs use sched_clock() as its timebase, which is inherently
per-cpu (at least, when it is measuring unstolen time).  Because of this,
it isn't possible for one CPU to directly update the other CPU's timers,
but it is possible to tell the other CPUs to do update themselves
appropriately.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Acked-by: NChris Lalancette <clalance@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NPrarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rick Lindsley <ricklind@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The softlockup watchdog is currently a nuisance in a virtual machine, since
the whole system could have the CPU stolen from it for a long period of
time.  While it would be unlikely for a guest domain to be denied timer
interrupts for over 10s, it could happen and any softlockup message would
be completely spurious.

Earlier I proposed that sched_clock() return time in unstolen nanoseconds,
which is how Xen and VMI currently implement it.  If the softlockup
watchdog uses sched_clock() to measure time, it would automatically ignore
stolen time, and therefore only report when the guest itself locked up.
When running native, sched_clock() returns real-time nanoseconds, so the
behaviour would be unchanged.

Note that sched_clock() used this way is inherently per-cpu, so this patch
makes sure that the per-processor watchdog thread initialized its own
timestamp.
Signed-off-by: NJeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Dan Hecht <dhecht@vmware.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Lalancette <clalance@redhat.com>
Cc: Rick Lindsley <ricklind@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Don't use hardcoded 99 value, use MAX_RT_PRIO.
Signed-off-by: NOleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Spawing ksoftirqd, migration, or watchdog, and calling init_timers_cpu()
may fail with small memory.  If it happens in initcalls, kernel NULL
pointer dereference happens later.  This patch makes crash happen
immediately in such cases.  It seems a bit better than getting kernel NULL
pointer dereference later.

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: NAkinobu Mita <mita@miraclelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Few of the callback functions and notifier blocks that are associated with cpu
notifications incorrectly have __devinit and __devinitdata.  They should be
__cpuinit and __cpuinitdata instead.

It makes no functional difference but wastes text area when CONFIG_HOTPLUG is
enabled and CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is not.

This patch fixes all those instances.
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch reverts notifier_block changes made in 2.6.17
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

In 2.6.17, there was a problem with cpu_notifiers and XFS.  I provided a
band-aid solution to solve that problem.  In the process, i undid all the
changes you both were making to ensure that these notifiers were available
only at init time (unless CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined).

We deferred the real fix to 2.6.18.  Here is a set of patches that fixes the
XFS problem cleanly and makes the cpu notifiers available only at init time
(unless CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined).

If CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU is defined then cpu notifiers are available at run
time.

This patch reverts the notifier_call changes made in 2.6.17
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

If a cpu hotplug callback fails on CPU_UP_PREPARE, all callbacks will be
called with CPU_UP_CANCELED.  A few of these callbacks assume that on
CPU_UP_PREPARE a pointer to task has been stored in a percpu array.  This
assumption is not true if CPU_UP_PREPARE fails and the following calls to
kthread_bind() in CPU_UP_CANCELED will cause an addressing exception
because of passing a NULL pointer.
Signed-off-by: NHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

There are several instances of per_cpu(foo, raw_smp_processor_id()), which
is semantically equivalent to __get_cpu_var(foo) but without the warning
that smp_processor_id() can give if CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT is enabled.  For
those architectures with optimized per-cpu implementations, namely ia64,
powerpc, s390, sparc64 and x86_64, per_cpu() turns into more and slower
code than __get_cpu_var(), so it would be preferable to use __get_cpu_var
on those platforms.

This defines a __raw_get_cpu_var(x) macro which turns into per_cpu(x,
raw_smp_processor_id()) on architectures that use the generic per-cpu
implementation, and turns into __get_cpu_var(x) on the architectures that
have an optimized per-cpu implementation.
Signed-off-by: NPaul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Acked-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: NIngo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: NMartin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Few of the notifier_chain_register() callers use __init in the definition
of notifier_call.  It is incorrect as the function definition should be
available after the initializations (they do not unregister them during
initializations).

This patch fixes all such usages to _not_ have the notifier_call __init
section.
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Few of the notifier_chain_register() callers use __devinitdata in the
definition of notifier_block data structure.  It is incorrect as the
data structure should be available after the initializations (they do
not unregister them during initializations).

This was leading to an oops when notifier_chain_register() call is
invoked for those callback chains after initialization.

This patch fixes all such usages to _not_ have the notifier_block data
structure in the init data section.
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The kernel's implementation of notifier chains is unsafe.  There is no
protection against entries being added to or removed from a chain while the
chain is in use.  The issues were discussed in this thread:

    http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113018709002036&w=2

We noticed that notifier chains in the kernel fall into two basic usage
classes:

	"Blocking" chains are always called from a process context
	and the callout routines are allowed to sleep;

	"Atomic" chains can be called from an atomic context and
	the callout routines are not allowed to sleep.

We decided to codify this distinction and make it part of the API.  Therefore
this set of patches introduces three new, parallel APIs: one for blocking
notifiers, one for atomic notifiers, and one for "raw" notifiers (which is
really just the old API under a new name).  New kinds of data structures are
used for the heads of the chains, and new routines are defined for
registration, unregistration, and calling a chain.  The three APIs are
explained in include/linux/notifier.h and their implementation is in
kernel/sys.c.

With atomic and blocking chains, the implementation guarantees that the chain
links will not be corrupted and that chain callers will not get messed up by
entries being added or removed.  For raw chains the implementation provides no
guarantees at all; users of this API must provide their own protections.  (The
idea was that situations may come up where the assumptions of the atomic and
blocking APIs are not appropriate, so it should be possible for users to
handle these things in their own way.)

There are some limitations, which should not be too hard to live with.  For
atomic/blocking chains, registration and unregistration must always be done in
a process context since the chain is protected by a mutex/rwsem.  Also, a
callout routine for a non-raw chain must not try to register or unregister
entries on its own chain.  (This did happen in a couple of places and the code
had to be changed to avoid it.)

Since atomic chains may be called from within an NMI handler, they cannot use
spinlocks for synchronization.  Instead we use RCU.  The overhead falls almost
entirely in the unregister routine, which is okay since unregistration is much
less frequent that calling a chain.

Here is the list of chains that we adjusted and their classifications.  None
of them use the raw API, so for the moment it is only a placeholder.

  ATOMIC CHAINS
  -------------
arch/i386/kernel/traps.c:		i386die_chain
arch/ia64/kernel/traps.c:		ia64die_chain
arch/powerpc/kernel/traps.c:		powerpc_die_chain
arch/sparc64/kernel/traps.c:		sparc64die_chain
arch/x86_64/kernel/traps.c:		die_chain
drivers/char/ipmi/ipmi_si_intf.c:	xaction_notifier_list
kernel/panic.c:				panic_notifier_list
kernel/profile.c:			task_free_notifier
net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:		hci_notifier
net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_conntrack_core.c:	ip_conntrack_chain
net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_conntrack_core.c:	ip_conntrack_expect_chain
net/ipv6/addrconf.c:			inet6addr_chain
net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:	nf_conntrack_chain
net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:	nf_conntrack_expect_chain
net/netlink/af_netlink.c:		netlink_chain

  BLOCKING CHAINS
  ---------------
arch/powerpc/platforms/pseries/reconfig.c:	pSeries_reconfig_chain
arch/s390/kernel/process.c:		idle_chain
arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c		idle_notifier
drivers/base/memory.c:			memory_chain
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c		cpufreq_policy_notifier_list
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq.c		cpufreq_transition_notifier_list
drivers/macintosh/adb.c:		adb_client_list
drivers/macintosh/via-pmu.c		sleep_notifier_list
drivers/macintosh/via-pmu68k.c		sleep_notifier_list
drivers/macintosh/windfarm_core.c	wf_client_list
drivers/usb/core/notify.c		usb_notifier_list
drivers/video/fbmem.c			fb_notifier_list
kernel/cpu.c				cpu_chain
kernel/module.c				module_notify_list
kernel/profile.c			munmap_notifier
kernel/profile.c			task_exit_notifier
kernel/sys.c				reboot_notifier_list
net/core/dev.c				netdev_chain
net/decnet/dn_dev.c:			dnaddr_chain
net/ipv4/devinet.c:			inetaddr_chain

It's possible that some of these classifications are wrong.  If they are,
please let us know or submit a patch to fix them.  Note that any chain that
gets called very frequently should be atomic, because the rwsem read-locking
used for blocking chains is very likely to incur cache misses on SMP systems.
(However, if the chain's callout routines may sleep then the chain cannot be
atomic.)

The patch set was written by Alan Stern and Chandra Seetharaman, incorporating
material written by Keith Owens and suggestions from Paul McKenney and Andrew
Morton.

[jes@sgi.com: restructure the notifier chain initialization macros]
Signed-off-by: NAlan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: NChandra Seetharaman <sekharan@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NJes Sorensen <jes@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>