MD: Prevent sysfs operations on uninitialized kobjects

Device-mapper does not use sysfs; but when device-mapper is leveraging
MD's RAID personalities, MD sometimes attempts to update sysfs.  This
patch adds checks for 'mddev-kobj.sd' in sysfs_[un]link_rdev to ensure
it is about to operate on something valid.  This patch also checks for
'mddev->kobj.sd' before calling 'sysfs_notify' in 'remove_and_add_spares'.
Although 'sysfs_notify' already makes this check, doing so in
'remove_and_add_spares' prevents an additional mutex operation.
Signed-off-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If something has failed while the array was read-auto,
then when we switch to 'active' we need to update the metadata.
This will happen anyway but it is good to expedite it, and
also to ensure any failed device has been released by the
underlying device before we try to action the ioctl which
caused us to switch to 'active' mode.
Reported-by: NJoe Lawrence <Joe.Lawrence@stratus.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

You cannot resize a RAID0 array (in terms of making the devices
bigger), but the code doesn't entirely stop you.
So:

 disable setting of the available size on each device for
 RAID0 and Linear devices.  This must not change as doing so
 can change the effective layout of data.

 Make sure that the size that raid0_size() reports is accurate,
 but rounding devices sizes to chunk sizes.  As the device sizes
 cannot change now, this isn't so important, but it is best to be
 safe.

Without this change:
  mdadm --grow /dev/md0 -z max
  mdadm --grow /dev/md0 -Z max
  then read to the end of the array

can cause a BUG in a RAID0 array.

These bugs have been present ever since it became possible
to resize any device, which is a long time.  So the fix is
suitable for any -stable kerenl.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If an fsync occurs on a read-only array, we need to send a
completion for the IO and may not increment the active IO count.
Otherwise, we hit a bug trace and can't stop the MD array anymore.

By advice of Christoph Hellwig we return success upon a flush
request but we return -EROFS for other writes.
We detect flush requests by checking if the bio has zero sectors.

This patch is suitable to any -stable kernel to which it applies.

Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Riemer <sebastian.riemer@profitbricks.com>
Reported-by: NBen Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Acked-by: NPaul Menzel <paulepanter@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If a resync is aborted cleanly, ->curr_resync is a reliable
record of where we got up to.
If there was an error it is less reliable but we always know that
->curr_resync_completed is safe.

So add a flag MD_RECOVERY_ERROR to differentiate between these cases
and set recovery_cp accordingly.
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

md will current only only checkpoint recovery or resync ever 1/16th
of the device size.  As devices get larger this can become a long time
an so a lot of work that might need to be duplicated after a shutdown.

So add a time-based checkpoint.  Every 5 minutes limits the amount of
duplicated effort to at most 5 minutes, and has almost zero impact on
performance.

[changelog entry re-written by NeilBrown]
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

In resyncing, recovery_cp only updated when resync aborted or completed.
But in md drives,many place used it to judge.So add a place to update.
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Intent was unnecessarily deep.

Also change one 'switch' which has a single case element, into an
'if'.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

When we remove a device from an md array, the final removal of
the "dev-XX" sys entry is run asynchronously.
If we then re-add that device immediately before the worker thread
gets to run, we can end up trying to add the "dev-XX" sysfs entry back
before it has been removed.

So in both places where we add a device, call
  flush_workqueue(md_misc_wq);
before taking the md lock (as holding the md lock can prevent removal
to complete).
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

'i' is unused.

NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

New wait_event{_interruptible}_lock_irq{_cmd} macros added. This commit
moves the private wait_event_lock_irq() macro from MD to regular wait
includes, introduces new macro wait_event_lock_irq_cmd() instead of using
the old method with omitting cmd parameter which is ugly and makes a use
of new macros in the MD. It also introduces the _interruptible_ variant.

The use of new interface is when one have a special lock to protect data
structures used in the condition, or one also needs to invoke "cmd"
before putting it to sleep.

All new macros are expected to be called with the lock taken. The lock
is released before sleep and is reacquired afterwards. We will leave the
macro with the lock held.

Note to DM: IMO this should also fix theoretical race on waitqueue while
using simultaneously wait_event_lock_irq() and wait_event() because of
lack of locking around current state setting and wait queue removal.
Signed-off-by: NLukas Czerner <lczerner@redhat.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

md_stop() would stop an array, but not free various attached
data structures.
For internal arrays, these are freed later in do_md_stop() or
mddev_put(), but they don't apply for dm-raid arrays.
So get md_stop() to free them, and only all it from dm-raid.
For internal arrays we now call __md_stop.
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If read_seqretry returned true and bbp was changed, it will write
invalid address which can cause some serious problem.

This bug was introduced by commit v3.0-rc7-130-g2699b672.
So fix is suitable for 3.0.y thru 3.6.y.

Reported-by: zhuwenfeng@kedacom.com
Tested-by: zhuwenfeng@kedacom.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This bug was introduced by commit(v3.0-rc7-126-g2230dfe4).
So fix is suitable for 3.0.y thru 3.6.y.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Correct spelling typo in drivers/md.
Signed-off-by: NMasanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NJiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>

If 'resync_max' is set to 0 (as is often done when starting a
reshape, so the mdadm can remain in control during a sensitive
period), and if the reshape request is initially delayed because
another array using the same array is resyncing or reshaping etc,
when user-space cannot easily tell when the delay changes from being
due to a conflicting reshape, to being due to resync_max = 0.

So introduce a new state: (curr_resync == 3) to reflect this, make
sure it is visible both via /proc/mdstat and via the "sync_completed"
sysfs attribute, and ensure that the event transition from one delay
state to the other is properly notified.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

If you make an array bigger but suppress resync of the new region with
  mdadm --grow /dev/mdX --size=max --assume-clean

then stop the array before anything is written to it, the effect of
the "--assume-clean" is lost and the array will resync the new space
when restarted.
So ensure that we update the metadata in the case.
Reported-by: NSebastian Riemer <sebastian.riemer@profitbricks.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

In some cases array are started in 'read-auto' state where in
nothing gets written to any device until the array is written
to.  The purpose of this is to make accidental auto-assembly
of the wrong arrays less of a risk, and to allow arrays to be
started to read suspend-to-disk images without actually changing
anything (as might happen if the array were dirty and a
resync seemed necessary).

Explicitly writing the 'sync_action' for a read-auto array currently
doesn't clear the read-auto state, so the sync action doesn't
happen, which can be confusing.

So allow any successful write to sync_action to clear any read-auto
state.
Reported-by: NAlexander Kühn <alexander.kuehn@nagilum.de>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Now that multiple threads can handle stripes, it is safer to
use an atomic64_t for resync_mismatches, to avoid update races.
Signed-off-by: NJianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

MD RAID10:  Fix a couple potential kernel panics if RAID10 is used by dm-raid

When device-mapper uses the RAID10 personality through dm-raid.c, there is no
'gendisk' structure in mddev and some sysfs information is also not populated.

This patch avoids touching those non-existent structures.
Signed-off-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@rehdat.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Some ioctls don't need to take the mutex and doing so can cause
a delay as it is held during super-block update.
So move those ioctls out of the mutex and rely on rcu locking
to ensure we don't access stale data.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Change the thread parameter, so the thread can carry extra info. Next patch
will use it.
Signed-off-by: NShaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

It isn't always necessary to update the metadata when spares are
removed as the presence-or-not of a spare isn't really important to
the integrity of an array.
Also activating a spare doesn't always require updating the metadata
as the update on 'recovery-completed' is usually sufficient.

However the introduction of 'replacement' devices have made these
transitions sometimes more important.  For example the 'Replacement'
flag isn't cleared until the original device is removed, so we need
to ensure a metadata update after that 'spare' is removed.

So set MD_CHANGE_DEVS whenever a spare is activated or removed, to
complement the current situation where it is set when a spare is added
or a device is failed (or a number of other less common situations).

This is suitable for -stable as out-of-data metadata could lead
to data corruption.
This is only relevant for 3.3 and later 9when 'replacement' as
introduced.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Previously, there was bio_clone() but it only allocated from the fs bio
set; as a result various users were open coding it and using
__bio_clone().

This changes bio_clone() to become bio_clone_bioset(), and then we add
bio_clone() and bio_clone_kmalloc() as wrappers around it, making use of
the functionality the last patch adedd.

This will also help in a later patch changing how bio cloning works.
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: Boaz Harrosh <bharrosh@panasas.com>
CC: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>
Acked-by: NJeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Now that bios keep track of where they were allocated from,
bio_integrity_alloc_bioset() becomes redundant.

Remove bio_integrity_alloc_bioset() and drop bio_set argument from the
related functions and make them use bio->bi_pool.
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

With the old code, when you allocate a bio from a bio pool you have to
implement your own destructor that knows how to find the bio pool the
bio was originally allocated from.

This adds a new field to struct bio (bi_pool) and changes
bio_alloc_bioset() to use it. This makes various bio destructors
unnecessary, so they're then deleted.

v6: Explain the temporary if statement in bio_put
Signed-off-by: NKent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: Nicholas Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org>
CC: Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com>
Acked-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NNicholas Bellinger <nab@linux-iscsi.org>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

commit 27a7b260
   md: Fix handling for devices from 2TB to 4TB in 0.90 metadata.

changed 0.90 metadata handling to truncated size to 4TB as that is
all that 0.90 can record.
However for RAID0 and Linear, 0.90 doesn't need to record the size, so
this truncation is not needed and causes working arrays to become too small.

So avoid the truncation for RAID0 and Linear

This bug was introduced in 3.1 and is suitable for any stable kernels
from then onwards.
As the offending commit was tagged for 'stable', any stable kernel
that it was applied to should also get this patch.  That includes
at least 2.6.32, 2.6.33 and 3.0. (Thanks to Ben Hutchings for
providing that list).

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NNeil Brown <neilb@suse.de>

This will allow md/raid to know why the unplug was called,
and will be able to act according - if !from_schedule it
is safe to perform tasks which could themselves schedule.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Both md and umem has similar code for getting notified on an
blk_finish_plug event.
Centralize this code in block/ and allow each driver to
provide its distinctive difference.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

This seemed like a good idea at the time, but after further thought I
cannot see it making a difference other than very occasionally and
testing to try to exercise the case it is most likely to help did not
show any performance difference by removing it.

So remove the counting of active plugs and allow 'pending writes' to
be activated at any time, not just when no plugs are active.

This is only relevant when there is a write-intent bitmap, and the
updating of the bitmap will likely introduce enough delay that
the single-threading of bitmap updates will be enough to collect large
numbers of updates together.

Removing this will make it easier to centralise the unplug code, and
will clear the other for other unplug enhancements which have a
measurable effect.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: NJens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

do_md_stop tests mddev->openers while holding ->open_mutex,
and fails if this count is too high.
So callers do not need to check mddev->openers and doing so isn't
very meaningful as they don't hold ->open_mutex so the number could
change.

So remove the unnecessary tests on mddev->openers.
These are not called often enough for there to be any gain in
an early test on ->open_mutex to avoid the need for a slightly more
costly mutex_lock call.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

md will refuse to stop an array if any other fd (or mounted fs) is
using it.
When any fs is unmounted of when the last open fd is closed all
pending IO will be flushed (e.g. sync_blockdev call in __blkdev_put)
so there will be no pending IO to worry about when the array is
stopped.

However in order to send the STOP_ARRAY ioctl to stop the array one
must first get and open fd on the block device.
If some fd is being used to write to the block device and it is closed
after mdadm open the block device, but before mdadm issues the
STOP_ARRAY ioctl, then there will be no last-close on the md device so
__blkdev_put will not call sync_blockdev.

If this happens, then IO can still be in-flight while md tears down
the array and bad things can happen (use-after-free and subsequent
havoc).

So in the case where do_md_stop is being called from an open file
descriptor, call sync_block after taking the mutex to ensure there
will be no new openers.

This is needed when setting a read-write device to read-only too.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

commit c6563a8c
    md: add possibility to change data-offset for devices.

introduced a 'new_data_offset' attribute which should normally
be the same as 'data_offset', but can be explicitly set to a different
value to allow a reshape operation to move the data.

Unfortunately when the 'data_offset' is explicitly set through
sysfs, the new_data_offset is not also set, so the two would become
out-of-sync incorrectly.

One result of this is that trying to set the 'size' after the
'data_offset' would fail because it is not permitted to set the size
when the 'data_offset' and 'new_data_offset' are different - as that
can be confusing.
Consequently when mdadm tried to do this while assembling an IMSM
array it would fail.

This bug was introduced in 3.5-rc1.
Reported-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Bisected-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Tested-by: NBrian Downing <bdowning@lavos.net>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

We currently only allow a device to be re-added if it appear to be
in-sync.  This is overly restrictive as it may be desirable to re-add
a device that is in the middle of recovery.

So remove the test for "InSync" - the test on rdev->raid_disk is
sufficient to ensure that the re-add will succeed.
Reported-by: NAlexander Lyakas <alex.bolshoy@gmail.com>
Tested-by: NAlexander Lyakas <alex.bolshoy@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Having the 'name' arg optional and defaulting to the current
personality name is no necessary and leads to errors, as when
changing the level of an array we can end up using the
name of the old level instead of the new one.

So make it non-optional and always explicitly pass the name
of the level that the array will be.
Reported-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Add blk_plug in sync_thread will increase the performance of sync.
Because sync_thread did not blk_plug,so when raid sync, the bio merge
not well.

Testing environment:
SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801JI (ICH10 Family) SATA AHCI
Controller.
OS:Linux xxx 3.5.0-rc2+ #340 SMP Tue Jun 12 09:00:25 CST 2012
x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux.
RAID5: four ST31000524NS disk.

Without blk_plug:recovery speed about 63M/Sec;
Add blk_plug:recovery speed about 120M/Sec.

Using blktrace:
blktrace -d /dev/sdb -w 60  -o -|blkparse -i -

without blk_plug:
Total (8,16):
 Reads Queued:      309811,     1239MiB	 Writes Queued:           0,        0KiB
 Read Dispatches:   283583,     1189MiB	 Write Dispatches:        0,        0KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0		 Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:   273351,     1149MiB	 Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:        23533,    94132KiB	 Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 IO unplugs:             0        	 Timer unplugs:           0

add blk_plug:
Total (8,16):
 Reads Queued:      428697,     1714MiB	 Writes Queued:           0,        0KiB
 Read Dispatches:     3954,     1714MiB	 Write Dispatches:        0,        0KiB
 Reads Requeued:         0		 Writes Requeued:         0
 Reads Completed:     3956,     1715MiB	 Writes Completed:        0,        0KiB
 Read Merges:       424743,     1698MiB	 Write Merges:            0,        0KiB
 IO unplugs:             0        	 Timer unplugs:        3384

The ratio of merge will be markedly increased.
Signed-off-by: Nmajianpeng <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Check the return of mddev_find(), since it may fail due to out of
memeory or out of usable minor number.

The reason I chose -ENODEV instead of -ENOMEM or something else is
md_alloc() function chose that ;)
Signed-off-by: NYuanhan Liu <yuanhan.liu@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Properly initialize MD recovery flags when resuming device-mapper devices.

When a device-mapper device is suspended, all I/O must stop.  This is done by
calling 'md_stop_writes' and 'mddev_suspend'.  These calls in-turn manipulate
the recovery flags - including setting 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'.  The DM device
may have been suspended while recovery was not yet complete, so the process
needs to pick-up where it left off.  Since 'mddev_resume' does not unset
'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN' and set 'MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED', we must do it ourselves.
'MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED' can safely be set in 'mddev_resume', but 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'
must be set outside of 'mddev_resume' due to how MD handles RAID reshaping.
(e.g.  It is possible for a user to delay reshaping a RAID5->RAID6 by purposefully
setting 'MD_RECOVERY_FROZEN'.  Clearing it in 'mddev_resume' would override the
desired behavior.)

Because 'mddev_resume' already unconditionally calls 'md_wakeup_thread(mddev->thread)'
there is no need to make this call from 'raid_resume' since it calls 'mddev_resume'.

Also clean up where  level_store calls mddev_resume() - it current
duplicates some of the funcitons of that call. - NB
Signed-off-by: NJonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

Now that bitmaps can be resized, we can allow an array to be resized
while the bitmap is present.

This only covers resizing that involves changing the effective size
of member devices, not resizing that changes the number of devices.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>

This new 'struct bitmap_storage' reflects the external storage of the
bitmap.
Having this clearly defined will make it easier to change the storage
used while the array is active.
Signed-off-by: NNeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>