It turns out that not all paths calling arch_update_cpu_topology() hold
cpu_hotplug_lock, but that's OK because those paths can't race with
any concurrent hotplug events.

Warnings were reported with the following trace:

  lockdep_assert_cpus_held
  arch_update_cpu_topology
  sched_init_domains
  sched_init_smp
  kernel_init_freeable
  kernel_init
  ret_from_kernel_thread

Which is safe because it's called early in boot when hotplug is not
live yet.

And also this trace:

  lockdep_assert_cpus_held
  arch_update_cpu_topology
  partition_sched_domains
  cpuset_update_active_cpus
  sched_cpu_deactivate
  cpuhp_invoke_callback
  cpuhp_down_callbacks
  cpuhp_thread_fun
  smpboot_thread_fn
  kthread
  ret_from_kernel_thread

Which is safe because it's called as part of CPU hotplug, so although
we don't hold the CPU hotplug lock, there is another thread driving
the CPU hotplug operation which does hold the lock, and there is no
race.

Thanks to tglx for deciphering it for us.

Fixes: 3e401f7a ("powerpc: Only obtain cpu_hotplug_lock if called by rtasd")
Signed-off-by: NThiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

This refactors the only users of init_timer_deferrable() to use
the new timer_setup() and from_timer(). Removes definition of
init_timer_deferrable().
Signed-off-by: NKees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> # for networking parts
Acked-by: Sebastian Reichel <sre@kernel.org> # for drivers/hsi parts
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Kalle Valo <kvalo@qca.qualcomm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: linux1394-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Ursula Braun <ubraun@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Harish Patil <harish.patil@cavium.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Manish Chopra <manish.chopra@cavium.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Julian Wiedmann <jwi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Mark Gross <mark.gross@intel.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: linux-watchdog@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-scsi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Martin K. Petersen" <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: linux-wireless@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Sebastian Reichel <sre@kernel.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
Cc: Michael Reed <mdr@sgi.com>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: Sudip Mukherjee <sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1507159627-127660-6-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org

Calling arch_update_cpu_topology from a CPU hotplug state machine callback
hits a deadlock because the function tries to get a read lock on
cpu_hotplug_lock while the state machine still holds a write lock on it.

Since all callers of arch_update_cpu_topology except rtasd already hold
cpu_hotplug_lock, this patch changes the function to use
stop_machine_cpuslocked and creates a separate function for rtasd which
still tries to obtain the lock.

Michael Bringmann investigated the bug and provided a detailed analysis
of the deadlock on this previous RFC for an alternate solution:
Signed-off-by: NThiago Jung Bauermann <bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: John Allen <jallen@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Bringmann <mwb@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497996510-4032-1-git-send-email-bauerman@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/771293/

Generic core VM already prints these information in the log
buffer, hence there is no need for a second print. This just
removes the second print from arch powerpc NUMA init path.

Before the patch:

  $ dmesg | grep "Initmem"

  numa: Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 1 [mem 0x100000000-0x1ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 2 [mem 0x200000000-0x2ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 3 [mem 0x300000000-0x3ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 4 [mem 0x400000000-0x4ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 5 [mem 0x500000000-0x5ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 6 [mem 0x600000000-0x6ffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 7 [mem 0x700000000-0x7ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 1 [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x00000001ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 2 [mem 0x0000000200000000-0x00000002ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 3 [mem 0x0000000300000000-0x00000003ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 4 [mem 0x0000000400000000-0x00000004ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 5 [mem 0x0000000500000000-0x00000005ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 6 [mem 0x0000000600000000-0x00000006ffffffff]
  Initmem setup node 7 [mem 0x0000000700000000-0x00000007ffffffff]

After the patch just the latter set is printed.
Signed-off-by: NAnshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The generic implementation of of_node_to_nid() is EXPORT_SYMBOL, added
in commit 298535c0 ("of, numa: Add NUMA of binding
implementation.").

The powerpc implementation added in commit 953039c8 ("[PATCH]
powerpc: Allow devices to register with numa topology") is
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL.

This creates an inconsistency for of_node_to_nid() callers across
architectures.

Update the powerpc implementation to be exported consistently with the
generic implementation.
Signed-off-by: NShailendra Singh <shailendras@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: NAndy Ritger <aritger@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

Relax the check preventing us from hotplugging into an offline node.

This limitation was added in commit 482ec7c4 ("[PATCH] powerpc numa:
Support sparse online node map") to prevent adding resources to an
uninitialized node.

These days, there is no harm in doing so. The addition will actually
cause the node to be initialized and onlined; add_memory_resource()
calls hotadd_new_pgdat() (if necessary) and node_set_online().
Signed-off-by: NReza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The flow of the main loop in parse_numa_properties() is overly
complicated. Simplify it to be less confusing and easier to read.
No functional change.

The end of the main loop in parse_numa_properties() looks like this:

	for_each_node_by_type(...) {
		...
		if (!condition) {
			if (--ranges)
				goto new_range;
			else
				continue;
		}

		statement();

		if (--ranges)
			goto new_range;
		/* else
		 *	continue; <- implicit, this is the end of the loop
		 */
	}

The only effect of !condition is to skip execution of statement(). This
can be rewritten in a simpler way:

	for_each_node_by_type(...) {
		...
		if (condition)
			statement();

		if (--ranges)
			goto new_range;
	}
Signed-off-by: NReza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

When the state names got added a script was used to add the extra argument
to the calls. The script basically converted the state constant to a
string, but the cleanup to convert these strings into meaningful ones did
not happen.

Replace all the useless strings with 'subsys/xxx/yyy:state' strings which
are used in all the other places already.
Signed-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161221192112.085444152@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

Patch series "enable movable nodes on non-x86 configs", v7.

This patchset allows more configs to make use of movable nodes.  When
CONFIG_MOVABLE_NODE is selected, there are two ways to introduce such
nodes into the system:

1. Discover movable nodes at boot. Currently this is only possible on
   x86, but we will enable configs supporting fdt to do the same.

2. Hotplug and online all of a node's memory using online_movable. This
   is already possible on any config supporting memory hotplug, not
   just x86, but the Kconfig doesn't say so. We will fix that.

We'll also remove some cruft on power which would prevent (2).

This patch (of 5):

Remove the check which prevents us from hotplugging into an empty node.

The original commit b226e462 ("[PATCH] powerpc: don't add memory to
empty node/zone"), states that this was intended to be a temporary measure.
It is a workaround for an oops which no longer occurs.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479160961-25840-2-git-send-email-arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.comSigned-off-by: NReza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NBalbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@au1.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Stewart Smith <stewart@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With recent update to printk, we get console output like below:

[    0.550639] Brought up 160 CPUs
[    0.550718] Node 0 CPUs:
[    0.550721]  0
[    0.550754] -39

[    0.550794] Node 1 CPUs:
[    0.550798]  40
[    0.550817] -79

[    0.550856] Node 16 CPUs:
[    0.550860]  80
[    0.550880] -119

[    0.550917] Node 17 CPUs:
[    0.550923]  120
[    0.550942] -159

Fix this by properly using pr_cont(), ie. KERN_CONT.
Signed-off-by: NAneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

At boot we dump the NUMA memory topology in dump_numa_memory_topology(),
at KERN_DEBUG level, resulting in output like:

  Node 0 Memory: 0x0-0x100000000
  Node 1 Memory: 0x100000000-0x200000000

Which is nice enough, but immediately after that we iterate over each
node and call setup_node_data(), which also prints out the node ranges,
at KERN_INFO, giving eg:

  numa: Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff]
  numa: Initmem setup node 1 [mem 0x100000000-0x1ffffffff]

Additionally dump_numa_memory_topology() does not use KERN_CONT
correctly, resulting in split output lines on recent kernels.

So drop dump_numa_memory_topology() as superfluous chatter.
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Acked-by: NBalbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

Install the callbacks via the state machine. On the boot cpu the callback is
invoked manually because cpuhp is not up yet and everything must be
preinitialized before additional CPUs are up.
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Nikunj A Dadhania <nikunj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christophe Jaillet <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: rt@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160718140727.GA13132@linutronix.deSigned-off-by: NThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>

memory_hotplug_max() uses hot_add_drconf_memory_max() to get maxmimum
addressable memory by referring to ibm,dyanamic-memory property. There
are three problems with the current approach:

1 hot_add_drconf_memory_max() assumes that ibm,dynamic-memory includes
  all the LMBs of the guest, but that is not true for PowerKVM which
  populates only DR LMBs (LMBs that can be hotplugged/removed) in that
  property.
2 hot_add_drconf_memory_max() multiplies lmb-size with lmb-count to arrive
  at the max possible address. Since ibm,dynamic-memory doesn't include
  RMA LMBs, the address thus obtained will be less than the actual max
  address. For example, if max possible memory size is 32G, with lmb-size
  of 256MB there can be 127 LMBs in ibm,dynamic-memory (1 LMB for RMA
  which won't be present here).  hot_add_drconf_memory_max() would then
  return the max addressable memory as 127 * 256MB = 31.75GB, the max
  address should have been 32G which is what ibm,lrdr-capacity shows.
3 In PowerKVM, there can be a gap between the end of boot time RAM and
  beginning of hotplug RAM area. So just multiplying lmb-count with
  lmb-size will not provide the correct max possible address for PowerKVM.

This patch fixes 1 by using ibm,lrdr-capacity property to return the max
addressable memory whenever the property is present. Then it fixes 2 & 3
by fetching the address of the last LMB in ibm,dynamic-memory property.

Fixes: cd34206e ("powerpc: Add memory_hotplug_max()")
Signed-off-by: NBharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

Signed-off-by: NBharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NDavid Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

With the setup_nr_nodes(), we have already initialized
node_possible_map.  So it is safe to use for_each_node here.

There are many places in the kernel that use hardcoded 'for' loop with
nr_node_ids, because all other architectures have numa nodes populated
serially.  That should be reason we had maintained the same for
powerpc.

But, since sparse numa node ids possible on powerpc, we unnecessarily
allocate memory for non existent numa nodes.

For e.g., on a system with 0,1,16,17 as numa nodes nr_node_ids=18 and
we allocate memory for nodes 2-14.  This patch we allocate memory for
only existing numa nodes.

The patch is boot tested on a 4 node tuleta, confirming with printks
that it works as expected.
Signed-off-by: NRaghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Nikunj A Dadhania <nikunj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

of_get_next_parent can be used to simplify the while() loop and
avoid the need of a temp variable.
Signed-off-by: NChristophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

In some situations, a NUMA guest that supports
ibm,dynamic-memory-reconfiguration node will end up having flat NUMA
distances between nodes. This is because of two problems in the
current code.

1) Different representations of associativity lists.

   There is an assumption about the associativity list in
   initialize_distance_lookup_table(). Associativity list has two forms:

   a) [cpu,memory]@x/ibm,associativity has following
      format:
           <N> <N integers>

   b) ibm,dynamic-reconfiguration-memory/ibm,associativity-lookup-arrays

           <M> <N> <M associativity lists each having N integers>
           M = the number of associativity lists
           N = the number of entries per associativity list

   Fix initialize_distance_lookup_table() so that it does not assume
   "case a". And update the caller to skip the length field before
   sending the associativity list.

2) Distance table not getting updated from drconf path.

   Node distance table will not get initialized in certain cases as
   ibm,dynamic-reconfiguration-memory path does not initialize the
   lookup table.

   Call initialize_distance_lookup_table() from drconf path with
   appropriate associativity list.
Reported-by: NBharata B Rao <bharata@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NNikunj A Dadhania <nikunj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NAnton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

Raghu noticed an issue with excessive memory allocation on power with a
simple cgroup test, specifically, in mem_cgroup_css_alloc ->
for_each_node -> alloc_mem_cgroup_per_zone_info(), which ends up blowing
up the kmalloc-2048 slab (to the order of 200MB for 400 cgroup
directories).

The underlying issue is that NODES_SHIFT on power is 8 (256 NUMA nodes
possible), which defines node_possible_map, which in turn defines the
value of nr_node_ids in setup_nr_node_ids and the iteration of
for_each_node.

In practice, we never see a system with 256 NUMA nodes, and in fact, we
do not support node hotplug on power in the first place, so the nodes
that are online when we come up are the nodes that will be present for
the lifetime of this kernel. So let's, at least, drop the NUMA possible
map down to the online map at runtime. This is similar to what x86 does
in its initialization routines.

mem_cgroup_css_alloc should also be fixed to only iterate over
memory-populated nodes and handle hotplug, but that is a separate
change.
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The goal behind this patch is to be able to write userland tests for the
VPHN parsing code.
Suggested-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The first argument to vphn_unpack_associativity() is a const long *, but the
parsing code expects __be64 values actually. Let's move the endian fixing
down for consistency.
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The number of values returned by the H_HOME_NODE_ASSOCIATIVITY h_call deserves
to be explicitly defined, for a better understanding of the code.
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The OF_RECONFIG notifier callback uses a different structure depending
on whether it is a node change or a property change. This is silly, and
not very safe. Rework the code to use the same data structure regardless
of the type of notifier.
Signed-off-by: NGrant Likely <grant.likely@linaro.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Pantelis Antoniou <pantelis.antoniou@konsulko.com>
Cc: <linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org>

We did part of sparse initialisation in setup_arch and part in
initmem_init. Put them together.
Signed-off-by: NAnton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Tested-by: NEmil Medve <Emilian.Medve@Freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

At the moment we transition from the memblock alloctor to the bootmem
allocator. Gitting rid of the bootmem allocator removes a bunch of
complicated code (most of which I owe the dubious honour of being
responsible for writing).
Signed-off-by: NAnton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Tested-by: NEmil Medve <Emilian.Medve@Freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

We received a report of warning in kernel/sched/core.c where the sched
group was NULL on an LPAR after a topology update. This seems to occur
because after the topology update has moved the CPUs, cpu_to_node is
returning the old value still, which ends up breaking the consistency of
the NUMA topology in the per-cpu maps. Ensure that we update the per-cpu
fields when we re-map CPUs.
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

There isn't any need to keep referring to update->cpu, as we've already
checked cpu == update->cpu at this point.
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

The associativity domain numbers are obtained from the hypervisor through
registers and written into memory by the guest: the packed array passed to
vphn_unpack_associativity() is then native-endian, unlike what was assumed
in the following commit:

commit b08a2a12
Author: Alistair Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Date:   Wed Aug 7 02:01:44 2013 +1000

    powerpc: Make NUMA device node code endian safe

This issue fills the topology with bogus data and makes it unusable. It may
lead to severe performance breakdowns.

We should ideally patch the vphn_unpack_associativity() function to do the
64-bit loads, but this requires some more brain storming.

In the meantime, let's go for a suboptimal and temporary bug fix: this patch
converts each 64-bit value of the packed array to big endian, as expected by
the current parsing code in vphn_unpack_associativity().
Signed-off-by: NGreg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

We have hit a few customer issues with the topology update code (VPHN
and PRRN). It would be nice to be able to debug the notifications coming
from the hypervisor in both cases to the LPAR, as well as to disable
responding to the notifications at boot-time, to narrow down the source
of the problems. Add a basic level of such functionality, similar to the
numa= command-line parameter. We already have a toggle in
/proc/powerpc/topology_updates that allows run-time enabling/disabling,
so the updates can be started at run-time if desired. But the bugs we've
run into have occured during boot or very shortly after coming to login,
and have resulted in a broken NUMA topology.
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

proc_create can fail, we should check the return value and pass up the
failure.
Suggested-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

this patches changes some error handling logics in numa_setup_cpu(),
when cpu node is not found, so:

if the cpu is possible, but not present, -1 is kept in numa_cpu_lookup_table,
so later, if the cpu is added, we could set correct numa information for it.

if the cpu is present, then we set the first online node to
numa_cpu_lookup_table instead of 0 ( in case 0 might not be an online node? )

Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLi Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

As Nish suggested, it makes more sense to init the numa node informatiion
for present cpus at boottime, which could also avoid WARN_ON(1) in
numa_setup_cpu().

With this change, we also need to change the smp_prepare_cpus() to set up
numa information only on present cpus.

For those possible, but not present cpus, their numa information
will be set up after they are started, as the original code did before commit
2fabf084.

Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLi Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: NCyril Bur <cyril.bur@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

With commit 2fabf084 ("powerpc: reorder per-cpu NUMA information's
initialization"), during boottime, cpu_numa_callback() is called
earlier(before their online) for each cpu, and verify_cpu_node_mapping()
uses cpu_to_node() to check whether siblings are in the same node.

It skips the checking for siblings that are not online yet. So the only
check done here is for the bootcpu, which is online at that time. But
the per-cpu numa_node cpu_to_node() uses hasn't been set up yet (which
will be set up in smp_prepare_cpus()).

So I saw something like following reported:
[    0.000000] CPU thread siblings 1/2/3 and 0 don't belong to the same
node!

As we don't actually do the checking during this early stage, so maybe
we could directly call numa_setup_cpu() in do_init_bootmem().

Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NLi Zhong <zhong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

Commit 1c98025c "powerpc: Dynamic DMA
zone limits" updated how zones are created in paging_init(), but missed
the NUMA version of paging_init().  This was noticed via a linker
error, since dma_pfn_limit_to_zone() was, like the non-NUMA
paging_init(), limited by #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES.

It turns out that the NUMA paging_init() was not actually doing
anything different from the standard paging_init(), other than a couple
debug prints, a couple 32-bit-only ifdef sections, and a call to
mark_nonram_nosave().  It's not clear whether mark_nonram_nosave() is
inherently wrong to do for NUMA, or just not useful on targets that
have NUMA, but for now I'm preserving the existing behavior.

Fixes: 1c98025c "powerpc: Dynamic DMA zone limits"
Reported-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NScott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>

There is an issue currently where NUMA information is used on powerpc
(and possibly ia64) before it has been read from the device-tree, which
leads to large slab consumption with CONFIG_SLUB and memoryless nodes.

NUMA powerpc non-boot CPU's cpu_to_node/cpu_to_mem is only accurate
after start_secondary(), similar to ia64, which is invoked via
smp_init().

Commit 6ee0578b ("workqueue: mark init_workqueues() as
early_initcall()") made init_workqueues() be invoked via
do_pre_smp_initcalls(), which is obviously before the secondary
processors are online.

Additionally, the following commits changed init_workqueues() to use
cpu_to_node to determine the node to use for kthread_create_on_node:

bce90380 ("workqueue: add wq_numa_tbl_len and
wq_numa_possible_cpumask[]")
f3f90ad4 ("workqueue: determine NUMA node of workers accourding to
the allowed cpumask")

Therefore, when init_workqueues() runs, it sees all CPUs as being on
Node 0. On LPARs or KVM guests where Node 0 is memoryless, this leads to
a high number of slab deactivations
(http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg67489.html).

Fix this by initializing the powerpc-specific CPU<->node/local memory
node mapping as early as possible, which on powerpc is
do_init_bootmem(). Currently that function initializes the mapping for
the boot CPU, but we extend it to setup the mapping for all possible
CPUs. Then, in smp_prepare_cpus(), we can correspondingly set the
per-cpu values for all possible CPUs. That ensures that before the
early_initcalls run (and really as early as possible), the per-cpu NUMA
mapping is accurate.

While testing memoryless nodes on PowerKVM guests with a fix to the
workqueue logic to use cpu_to_mem() instead of cpu_to_node(), with a
guest topology of:

available: 2 nodes (0-1)
node 0 cpus: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
node 0 size: 0 MB
node 0 free: 0 MB
node 1 cpus: 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
node 1 size: 16336 MB
node 1 free: 15329 MB
node distances:
node   0   1
  0:  10  40
  1:  40  10

the slab consumption decreases from

Slab:             932416 kB
SUnreclaim:       902336 kB

to

Slab:             395264 kB
SUnreclaim:       359424 kB

And we a corresponding increase in the slab efficiency from

slab                                   mem     objs    slabs
                                      used   active   active
------------------------------------------------------------
kmalloc-16384                       337 MB   11.28%  100.00%
task_struct                         288 MB    9.93%  100.00%

to

slab                                   mem     objs    slabs
                                      used   active   active
------------------------------------------------------------
kmalloc-16384                        37 MB  100.00%  100.00%
task_struct                          31 MB  100.00%  100.00%

Powerpc didn't support memoryless nodes until recently (64bb80d8
"powerpc/numa: Enable CONFIG_HAVE_MEMORYLESS_NODES" and 8c272261
"powerpc/numa: Enable USE_PERCPU_NUMA_NODE_ID"). Those commits also
helped improve memory consumption with these kind of environments.
Signed-off-by: NNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>

Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=81631Reported-by: NDavid Binderman <dcb314@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrey Utkin <andrey.krieger.utkin@gmail.com>
CC: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>

  CHK     include/config/kernel.release
  CHK     include/generated/uapi/linux/version.h
  CHK     include/generated/utsrelease.h
  ...
  Building modules, stage 2.
WARNING: 1 bad relocations
c0000000013d6a30 R_PPC64_ADDR64    uprobes_fetch_type_table
  WRAP    arch/powerpc/boot/zImage.pseries
  WRAP    arch/powerpc/boot/zImage.epapr
  MODPOST 1849 modules
ERROR: ".__node_distance" [drivers/block/nvme.ko] undefined!
make[1]: *** [__modpost] Error 1
make: *** [modules] Error 2
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....

The reason is symbol "__node_distance" not been exported in powerpc.
Signed-off-by: NMike Qiu <qiudayu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Srivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Cc: Mike Qiu <qiudayu@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since v1:
	Edited the comment according to Srivatsa's suggestion.

During the testing, we encounter below WARN followed by Oops:

	WARNING: at kernel/sched/core.c:6218
	...
	NIP [c000000000101660] .build_sched_domains+0x11d0/0x1200
	LR [c000000000101358] .build_sched_domains+0xec8/0x1200
	PACATMSCRATCH [800000000000f032]
	Call Trace:
	[c00000001b103850] [c000000000101358] .build_sched_domains+0xec8/0x1200
	[c00000001b1039a0] [c00000000010aad4] .partition_sched_domains+0x484/0x510
	[c00000001b103aa0] [c00000000016d0a8] .rebuild_sched_domains+0x68/0xa0
	[c00000001b103b30] [c00000000005cbf0] .topology_work_fn+0x10/0x30
	...
	Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]
	...
	NIP [c00000000045c000] .__bitmap_weight+0x60/0xf0
	LR [c00000000010132c] .build_sched_domains+0xe9c/0x1200
	PACATMSCRATCH [8000000000029032]
	Call Trace:
	[c00000001b1037a0] [c000000000288ff4] .kmem_cache_alloc_node_trace+0x184/0x3a0
	[c00000001b103850] [c00000000010132c] .build_sched_domains+0xe9c/0x1200
	[c00000001b1039a0] [c00000000010aad4] .partition_sched_domains+0x484/0x510
	[c00000001b103aa0] [c00000000016d0a8] .rebuild_sched_domains+0x68/0xa0
	[c00000001b103b30] [c00000000005cbf0] .topology_work_fn+0x10/0x30
	...

This was caused by that 'sd->groups == NULL' after building groups, which
was caused by the empty 'sd->span'.

The cpu's domain contained nothing because the cpu was assigned to a wrong
node, due to the following unfortunate sequence of events:

1. The hypervisor sent a topology update to the guest OS, to notify changes
   to the cpu-node mapping. However, the update was actually redundant - i.e.,
   the "new" mapping was exactly the same as the old one.

2. Due to this, the 'updated_cpus' mask turned out to be empty after exiting
   the 'for-loop' in arch_update_cpu_topology().

3. So we ended up calling stop-machine() with an empty cpumask list, which made
   stop-machine internally elect cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask), i.e., CPU0 as
   the cpu to run the payload (the update_cpu_topology() function).

4. This causes update_cpu_topology() to be run by CPU0. And since 'updates'
   is kzalloc()'ed inside arch_update_cpu_topology(), update_cpu_topology()
   finds update->cpu as well as update->new_nid to be 0. In other words, we
   end up assigning CPU0 (and eventually its siblings) to node 0, incorrectly.

Along with the following wrong updating, it causes the sched-domain rebuild
code to break and crash the system.

Fix this by skipping the topology update in cases where we find that
the topology has not actually changed in reality (ie., spurious updates).

CC: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
CC: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
CC: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
CC: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: Jesse Larrew <jlarrew@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: "Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: Alistair Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Suggested-by: N"Srivatsa S. Bhat" <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NMichael Wang <wangyun@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: NSrivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>

This should have been octal.
Signed-off-by: NJoe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fix powerpc build]
Signed-off-by: NTang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: NZhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "Rafael J . Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Chen Tang <imtangchen@gmail.com>
Cc: Gong Chen <gong.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Larry Woodman <lwoodman@redhat.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Liu Jiang <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Taku Izumi <izumi.taku@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hp.com>
Cc: Vasilis Liaskovitis <vasilis.liaskovitis@profitbricks.com>
Cc: Wanpeng Li <liwanp@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NStephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There have been some weird bugs in the past where the kernel tried to associate
threads of the same core to different NUMA nodes, and things went haywire after
that point (as expected).

But unfortunately, root-causing such issues have been quite challenging, due to
the lack of appropriate debug checks in the kernel. These bugs usually lead to
some odd soft-lockups in the scheduler's build-sched-domain code in the CPU
hotplug path, which makes it very hard to trace it back to the incorrect
cpu-to-node mappings.

So add appropriate debug checks to catch such invalid cpu-to-node mappings
as early as possible.
Signed-off-by: NSrivatsa S. Bhat <srivatsa.bhat@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: NBenjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>