All printk converted to pr_foo() except internal.h: printk(KERN_DEBUG

Coalesce formats.

Add pr_fmt
Signed-off-by: NFabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Provide the ability to enable and disable fscache cookies.  A disabled cookie
will reject or ignore further requests to:

	Acquire a child cookie
	Invalidate and update backing objects
	Check the consistency of a backing object
	Allocate storage for backing page
	Read backing pages
	Write to backing pages

but still allows:

	Checks/waits on the completion of already in-progress objects
	Uncaching of pages
	Relinquishment of cookies

Two new operations are provided:

 (1) Disable a cookie:

	void fscache_disable_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
				    bool invalidate);

     If the cookie is not already disabled, this locks the cookie against other
     dis/enablement ops, marks the cookie as being disabled, discards or
     invalidates any backing objects and waits for cessation of activity on any
     associated object.

     This is a wrapper around a chunk split out of fscache_relinquish_cookie(),
     but it reinitialises the cookie such that it can be reenabled.

     All possible failures are handled internally.  The caller should consider
     calling fscache_uncache_all_inode_pages() afterwards to make sure all page
     markings are cleared up.

 (2) Enable a cookie:

	void fscache_enable_cookie(struct fscache_cookie *cookie,
				   bool (*can_enable)(void *data),
				   void *data)

     If the cookie is not already enabled, this locks the cookie against other
     dis/enablement ops, invokes can_enable() and, if the cookie is not an
     index cookie, will begin the procedure of acquiring backing objects.

     The optional can_enable() function is passed the data argument and returns
     a ruling as to whether or not enablement should actually be permitted to
     begin.

     All possible failures are handled internally.  The cookie will only be
     marked as enabled if provisional backing objects are allocated.

A later patch will introduce these to NFS.  Cookie enablement during nfs_open()
is then contingent on i_writecount <= 0.  can_enable() checks for a race
between open(O_RDONLY) and open(O_WRONLY/O_RDWR).  This simplifies NFS's cookie
handling and allows us to get rid of open(O_RDONLY) accidentally introducing
caching to an inode that's open for writing already.

One operation has its API modified:

 (3) Acquire a cookie.

	struct fscache_cookie *fscache_acquire_cookie(
		struct fscache_cookie *parent,
		const struct fscache_cookie_def *def,
		void *netfs_data,
		bool enable);

     This now has an additional argument that indicates whether the requested
     cookie should be enabled by default.  It doesn't need the can_enable()
     function because the caller must prevent multiple calls for the same netfs
     object and it doesn't need to take the enablement lock because no one else
     can get at the cookie before this returns.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com

Add wrapper functions for dealing with cookie->n_active:

 (*) __fscache_use_cookie() to increment it.

 (*) __fscache_unuse_cookie() to decrement and test against zero.

 (*) __fscache_wake_unused_cookie() to wake up anyone waiting for it to reach
     zero.

The second and third are split so that the third can be done after cookie->lock
has been released in case the waiter wakes up whilst we're still holding it and
tries to get it.

We will need to wake-on-zero once the cookie disablement patch is applied
because it will then be possible to see n_active become zero without the cookie
being relinquished.

Also move the cookie usement out of fscache_attr_changed_op() and into
fscache_attr_changed() and the operation struct so that cookie disablement
will be able to track it.

Whilst we're at it, only increment n_active if we're about to do
fscache_submit_op() so that we don't have to deal with undoing it if anything
earlier fails.  Possibly this should be moved into fscache_submit_op() which
could look at FSCACHE_OP_UNUSE_COOKIE.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

With users of radix_tree_preload() run from interrupt (block/blk-ioc.c is
one such possible user), the following race can happen:

radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];
<interrupt>
...
radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];

And we give out one radix tree node twice.  That clearly results in radix
tree corruption with different results (usually OOPS) depending on which
two users of radix tree race.

We fix the problem by making radix_tree_node_alloc() always allocate fresh
radix tree nodes when in interrupt.  Using preloading when in interrupt
doesn't make sense since all the allocations have to be atomic anyway and
we cannot steal nodes from process-context users because some users rely
on radix_tree_insert() succeeding after radix_tree_preload().
in_interrupt() check is somewhat ugly but we cannot simply key off passed
gfp_mask as that is acquired from root_gfp_mask() and thus the same for
all preload users.

Another part of the fix is to avoid node preallocation in
radix_tree_preload() when passed gfp_mask doesn't allow waiting.  Again,
preallocation in such case doesn't make sense and when preallocation would
happen in interrupt we could possibly leak some allocated nodes.  However,
some users of radix_tree_preload() require following radix_tree_insert()
to succeed.  To avoid unexpected effects for these users,
radix_tree_preload() only warns if passed gfp mask doesn't allow waiting
and we provide a new function radix_tree_maybe_preload() for those users
which get different gfp mask from different call sites and which are
prepared to handle radix_tree_insert() failure.
Signed-off-by: NJan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently the fscache code expect the netfs to call fscache_readpages_or_alloc
inside the aops readpages callback.  It marks all the pages in the list
provided by readahead with PG_private_2.  In the cases that the netfs fails to
read all the pages (which is legal) it ends up returning to the readahead and
triggering a BUG.  This happens because the page list still contains marked
pages.

This patch implements a simple fscache_readpages_cancel function that the netfs
should call before returning from readpages.  It will revoke the pages from the
underlying cache backend and unmark them.

The problem was originally worked out in the Ceph devel tree, but it also
occurs in CIFS.  It appears that NFS, AFS and 9P are okay as read_cache_pages()
will clean up the unprocessed pages in the case of an error.

This can be used to address the following oops:

[12410647.597278] BUG: Bad page state in process petabucket  pfn:3d504e
[12410647.597292] page:ffffea000f541380 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping:
	(null) index:0x0
[12410647.597298] page flags: 0x200000000001000(private_2)

...

[12410647.597334] Call Trace:
[12410647.597345]  [<ffffffff815523f2>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
[12410647.597356]  [<ffffffff8111def7>] bad_page+0xc7/0x120
[12410647.597359]  [<ffffffff8111e49e>] free_pages_prepare+0x10e/0x120
[12410647.597361]  [<ffffffff8111fc80>] free_hot_cold_page+0x40/0x170
[12410647.597363]  [<ffffffff81123507>] __put_single_page+0x27/0x30
[12410647.597365]  [<ffffffff81123df5>] put_page+0x25/0x40
[12410647.597376]  [<ffffffffa02bdcf9>] ceph_readpages+0x2e9/0x6e0 [ceph]
[12410647.597379]  [<ffffffff81122a8f>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x1af/0x260
[12410647.597382]  [<ffffffff81122ea1>] ra_submit+0x21/0x30
[12410647.597384]  [<ffffffff81118f64>] filemap_fault+0x254/0x490
[12410647.597387]  [<ffffffff8113a74f>] __do_fault+0x6f/0x4e0
[12410647.597391]  [<ffffffff810125bd>] ? __switch_to+0x16d/0x4a0
[12410647.597395]  [<ffffffff810865ba>] ? finish_task_switch+0x5a/0xc0
[12410647.597398]  [<ffffffff8113d856>] handle_pte_fault+0xf6/0x930
[12410647.597401]  [<ffffffff81008c33>] ? pte_mfn_to_pfn+0x93/0x110
[12410647.597403]  [<ffffffff81008cce>] ? xen_pmd_val+0xe/0x10
[12410647.597405]  [<ffffffff81005469>] ? __raw_callee_save_xen_pmd_val+0x11/0x1e
[12410647.597407]  [<ffffffff8113f361>] handle_mm_fault+0x251/0x370
[12410647.597411]  [<ffffffff812b0ac4>] ? call_rwsem_down_read_failed+0x14/0x30
[12410647.597414]  [<ffffffff8155bffa>] __do_page_fault+0x1aa/0x550
[12410647.597418]  [<ffffffff8108011d>] ? up_write+0x1d/0x20
[12410647.597422]  [<ffffffff8113141c>] ? vm_mmap_pgoff+0xbc/0xe0
[12410647.597425]  [<ffffffff81143bb8>] ? SyS_mmap_pgoff+0xd8/0x240
[12410647.597427]  [<ffffffff8155c3ae>] do_page_fault+0xe/0x10
[12410647.597431]  [<ffffffff81558818>] page_fault+0x28/0x30
Signed-off-by: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Extend the fscache netfs API so that the netfs can ask as to whether a cache
object is up to date with respect to its corresponding netfs object:

	int fscache_check_consistency(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)

This will call back to the netfs to check whether the auxiliary data associated
with a cookie is correct.  It returns 0 if it is and -ESTALE if it isn't; it
may also return -ENOMEM and -ERESTARTSYS.

The backends now have to implement a mandatory operation pointer:

	int (*check_consistency)(struct fscache_object *object)

that corresponds to the above API call.  FS-Cache takes care of pinning the
object and the cookie in memory and managing this call with respect to the
object state.

Original-author: Hongyi Jia <jiayisuse@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Hongyi Jia <jiayisuse@gmail.com>
cc: Milosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>

struct fscache_retrieval contains a count of the number of pages that still
need some processing (n_pages).  This is decremented as the pages are
processed.

However, this needs to be atomic as fscache_retrieval_complete() (I think) just
occasionally may be called from cachefiles_read_backing_file() and
cachefiles_read_copier() simultaneously.

This happens when an fscache_read_or_alloc_pages() request containing a lot of
pages (say a couple of hundred) is being processed.  The read on each backing
page is dispatched individually because we need to insert a monitor into the
waitqueue to catch when the read completes.  However, under low-memory
conditions, we might be forced to wait in the allocator - and this gives the
I/O on the backing page a chance to complete first.

When the I/O completes, fscache_enqueue_retrieval() chucks the retrieval onto
the workqueue without waiting for the operation to finish the initial I/O
dispatch (we want to release any pages we can as soon as we can), thus both can
end up running simultaneously and potentially attempting to partially complete
the retrieval simultaneously (ENOMEM may occur, backing pages may already be in
the page cache).

This was demonstrated by parallelling the non-atomic counter with an atomic
counter and printing both of them when the assertion fails.  At this point, the
atomic counter has reached zero, but the non-atomic counter has not.

To fix this, make the counter an atomic_t.

This results in the following bug appearing

	FS-Cache: Assertion failed
	3 == 5 is false
	------------[ cut here ]------------
	kernel BUG at fs/fscache/operation.c:421!

or

	FS-Cache: Assertion failed
	3 == 5 is false
	------------[ cut here ]------------
	kernel BUG at fs/fscache/operation.c:414!

With a backtrace like the following:

RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa0211b1d>] fscache_put_operation+0x1ad/0x240 [fscache]
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffffa0213185>] fscache_retrieval_work+0x55/0x270 [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa0213130>] ? fscache_retrieval_work+0x0/0x270 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff81090b10>] worker_thread+0x170/0x2a0
 [<ffffffff81096d10>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40
 [<ffffffff810909a0>] ? worker_thread+0x0/0x2a0
 [<ffffffff81096966>] kthread+0x96/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8100c0ca>] child_rip+0xa/0x20
 [<ffffffff810968d0>] ? kthread+0x0/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8100c0c0>] ? child_rip+0x0/0x20
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-tested-By: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

Simplify the way fscache cache objects retain their cookie.  The way I
implemented the cookie storage handling made synchronisation a pain (ie. the
object state machine can't rely on the cookie actually still being there).

Instead of the the object being detached from the cookie and the cookie being
freed in __fscache_relinquish_cookie(), we defer both operations:

 (*) The detachment of the object from the list in the cookie now takes place
     in fscache_drop_object() and is thus governed by the object state machine
     (fscache_detach_from_cookie() has been removed).

 (*) The release of the cookie is now in fscache_object_destroy() - which is
     called by the cache backend just before it frees the object.

This means that the fscache_cookie struct is now available to the cache all the
way through from ->alloc_object() to ->drop_object() and ->put_object() -
meaning that it's no longer necessary to take object->lock to guarantee access.

However, __fscache_relinquish_cookie() doesn't wait for the object to go all
the way through to destruction before letting the netfs proceed.  That would
massively slow down the netfs.  Since __fscache_relinquish_cookie() leaves the
cookie around, in must therefore break all attachments to the netfs - which
includes ->def, ->netfs_data and any outstanding page read/writes.

To handle this, struct fscache_cookie now has an n_active counter:

 (1) This starts off initialised to 1.

 (2) Any time the cache needs to get at the netfs data, it calls
     fscache_use_cookie() to increment it - if it is not zero.  If it was zero,
     then access is not permitted.

 (3) When the cache has finished with the data, it calls fscache_unuse_cookie()
     to decrement it.  This does a wake-up on it if it reaches 0.

 (4) __fscache_relinquish_cookie() decrements n_active and then waits for it to
     reach 0.  The initialisation to 1 in step (1) ensures that we only get
     wake ups when we're trying to get rid of the cookie.

This leaves __fscache_relinquish_cookie() a lot simpler.


***
This fixes a problem in the current code whereby if fscache_invalidate() is
followed sufficiently quickly by fscache_relinquish_cookie() then it is
possible for __fscache_relinquish_cookie() to have detached the cookie from the
object and cleared the pointer before a thread is dispatched to process the
invalidation state in the object state machine.

Since the pending write clearance was deferred to the invalidation state to
make it asynchronous, we need to either wait in relinquishment for the stores
tree to be cleared in the invalidation state or we need to handle the clearance
in relinquishment.

Further, if the relinquishment code does clear the tree, then the invalidation
state need to make the clearance contingent on still having the cookie to hand
(since that's where the tree is rooted) and we have to prevent the cookie from
disappearing for the duration.

This can lead to an oops like the following:

BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 000000000000000c
...
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8151023e>] _spin_lock+0xe/0x30
...
CR2: 000000000000000c ...
...
Process kslowd002 (...)
....
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffffa01c3278>] fscache_invalidate_writes+0x38/0xd0 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff810096f0>] ? __switch_to+0xd0/0x320
 [<ffffffff8105e759>] ? find_busiest_queue+0x69/0x150
 [<ffffffff8110ddd4>] ? slow_work_enqueue+0x104/0x180
 [<ffffffffa01c1303>] fscache_object_slow_work_execute+0x5e3/0x9d0 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff81096b67>] ? bit_waitqueue+0x17/0xd0
 [<ffffffff8110e233>] slow_work_execute+0x233/0x310
 [<ffffffff8110e515>] slow_work_thread+0x205/0x360
 [<ffffffff81096ca0>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x40
 [<ffffffff8110e310>] ? slow_work_thread+0x0/0x360
 [<ffffffff81096936>] kthread+0x96/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8100c0ca>] child_rip+0xa/0x20
 [<ffffffff810968a0>] ? kthread+0x0/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8100c0c0>] ? child_rip+0x0/0x20

The parameter to fscache_invalidate_writes() was object->cookie which is NULL.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-By: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

Fix object state machine to have separate work and wait states as that makes
it easier to envision.

There are now three kinds of state:

 (1) Work state.  This is an execution state.  No event processing is performed
     by a work state.  The function attached to a work state returns a pointer
     indicating the next state to which the OSM should transition.  Returning
     NO_TRANSIT repeats the current state, but goes back to the scheduler
     first.

 (2) Wait state.  This is an event processing state.  No execution is
     performed by a wait state.  Wait states are just tables of "if event X
     occurs, clear it and transition to state Y".  The dispatcher returns to
     the scheduler if none of the events in which the wait state has an
     interest are currently pending.

 (3) Out-of-band state.  This is a special work state.  Transitions to normal
     states can be overridden when an unexpected event occurs (eg. I/O error).
     Instead the dispatcher disables and clears the OOB event and transits to
     the specified work state.  This then acts as an ordinary work state,
     though object->state points to the overridden destination.  Returning
     NO_TRANSIT resumes the overridden transition.

In addition, the states have names in their definitions, so there's no need for
tables of state names.  Further, the EV_REQUEUE event is no longer necessary as
that is automatic for work states.

Since the states are now separate structs rather than values in an enum, it's
not possible to use comparisons other than (non-)equality between them, so use
some object->flags to indicate what phase an object is in.

The EV_RELEASE, EV_RETIRE and EV_WITHDRAW events have been squished into one
(EV_KILL).  An object flag now carries the information about retirement.

Similarly, the RELEASING, RECYCLING and WITHDRAWING states have been merged
into an KILL_OBJECT state and additional states have been added for handling
waiting dependent objects (JUMPSTART_DEPS and KILL_DEPENDENTS).

A state has also been added for synchronising with parent object initialisation
(WAIT_FOR_PARENT) and another for initiating look up (PARENT_READY).
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-By: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

Don't sleep in __fscache_maybe_release_page() if __GFP_FS is not set.  This
goes some way towards mitigating fscache deadlocking against ext4 by way of
the allocator, eg:

INFO: task flush-8:0:24427 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
flush-8:0       D ffff88003e2b9fd8     0 24427      2 0x00000000
 ffff88003e2b9138 0000000000000046 ffff880012e3a040 ffff88003e2b9fd8
 0000000000011c80 ffff88003e2b9fd8 ffffffff81a10400 ffff880012e3a040
 0000000000000002 ffff880012e3a040 ffff88003e2b9098 ffffffff8106dcf5
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8106dcf5>] ? __lock_is_held+0x31/0x53
 [<ffffffff81219b61>] ? radix_tree_lookup_element+0xf4/0x12a
 [<ffffffff81454bed>] schedule+0x60/0x62
 [<ffffffffa01d349c>] __fscache_wait_on_page_write+0x8b/0xa5 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff810498a8>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x4d/0x4d
 [<ffffffffa01d393a>] __fscache_maybe_release_page+0x30c/0x324 [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa01d369a>] ? __fscache_maybe_release_page+0x6c/0x324 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff81071b53>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x114/0x170
 [<ffffffffa01fd7b2>] nfs_fscache_release_page+0x68/0x94 [nfs]
 [<ffffffffa01ef73e>] nfs_release_page+0x7e/0x86 [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810aa553>] try_to_release_page+0x32/0x3b
 [<ffffffff810b6c70>] shrink_page_list+0x535/0x71a
 [<ffffffff81071b53>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x114/0x170
 [<ffffffff810b7352>] shrink_inactive_list+0x20a/0x2dd
 [<ffffffff81071a13>] ? mark_held_locks+0xbe/0xea
 [<ffffffff810b7a65>] shrink_lruvec+0x34c/0x3eb
 [<ffffffff810b7bd3>] do_try_to_free_pages+0xcf/0x355
 [<ffffffff810b7fc8>] try_to_free_pages+0x9a/0xa1
 [<ffffffff810b08d2>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x494/0x6f7
 [<ffffffff810d9a07>] kmem_getpages+0x58/0x155
 [<ffffffff810dc002>] fallback_alloc+0x120/0x1f3
 [<ffffffff8106db23>] ? trace_hardirqs_off+0xd/0xf
 [<ffffffff810dbed3>] ____cache_alloc_node+0x177/0x186
 [<ffffffff81162a6c>] ? ext4_init_io_end+0x1c/0x37
 [<ffffffff810dc403>] kmem_cache_alloc+0xf1/0x176
 [<ffffffff810b17ac>] ? test_set_page_writeback+0x101/0x113
 [<ffffffff81162a6c>] ext4_init_io_end+0x1c/0x37
 [<ffffffff81162ce4>] ext4_bio_write_page+0x20f/0x3af
 [<ffffffff8115cc02>] mpage_da_submit_io+0x26e/0x2f6
 [<ffffffff811088e5>] ? __find_get_block_slow+0x38/0x133
 [<ffffffff81161348>] mpage_da_map_and_submit+0x3a7/0x3bd
 [<ffffffff81161a60>] ext4_da_writepages+0x30d/0x426
 [<ffffffff810b3359>] do_writepages+0x1c/0x2a
 [<ffffffff81102f4d>] __writeback_single_inode+0x3e/0xe5
 [<ffffffff81103995>] writeback_sb_inodes+0x1bd/0x2f4
 [<ffffffff81103b3b>] __writeback_inodes_wb+0x6f/0xb4
 [<ffffffff81103c81>] wb_writeback+0x101/0x195
 [<ffffffff81071b53>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x114/0x170
 [<ffffffff811043aa>] ? wb_do_writeback+0xaa/0x173
 [<ffffffff8110434a>] wb_do_writeback+0x4a/0x173
 [<ffffffff81071bbc>] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0xf
 [<ffffffff81038554>] ? del_timer+0x4b/0x5b
 [<ffffffff811044e0>] bdi_writeback_thread+0x6d/0x147
 [<ffffffff81104473>] ? wb_do_writeback+0x173/0x173
 [<ffffffff81048fbc>] kthread+0xd0/0xd8
 [<ffffffff81455eb2>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x29/0x3e
 [<ffffffff81048eec>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
 [<ffffffff81456aac>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
 [<ffffffff81048eec>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
2 locks held by flush-8:0/24427:
 #0:  (&type->s_umount_key#41){.+.+..}, at: [<ffffffff810e3b73>] grab_super_passive+0x4c/0x76
 #1:  (jbd2_handle){+.+...}, at: [<ffffffff81190d81>] start_this_handle+0x475/0x4ea


The problem here is that another thread, which is attempting to write the
to-be-stored NFS page to the on-ext4 cache file is waiting for the journal
lock, eg:

INFO: task kworker/u:2:24437 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
kworker/u:2     D ffff880039589768     0 24437      2 0x00000000
 ffff8800395896d8 0000000000000046 ffff8800283bf040 ffff880039589fd8
 0000000000011c80 ffff880039589fd8 ffff880039f0b040 ffff8800283bf040
 0000000000000006 ffff8800283bf6b8 ffff880039589658 ffffffff81071a13
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff81071a13>] ? mark_held_locks+0xbe/0xea
 [<ffffffff81455e73>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3a/0x50
 [<ffffffff81071b53>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x114/0x170
 [<ffffffff81071bbc>] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0xf
 [<ffffffff81454bed>] schedule+0x60/0x62
 [<ffffffff81190c23>] start_this_handle+0x317/0x4ea
 [<ffffffff810498a8>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x4d/0x4d
 [<ffffffff81190fcc>] jbd2__journal_start+0xb3/0x12e
 [<ffffffff81176606>] __ext4_journal_start_sb+0xb2/0xc6
 [<ffffffff8115f137>] ext4_da_write_begin+0x109/0x233
 [<ffffffff810a964d>] generic_file_buffered_write+0x11a/0x264
 [<ffffffff811032cf>] ? __mark_inode_dirty+0x2d/0x1ee
 [<ffffffff810ab1ab>] __generic_file_aio_write+0x2a5/0x2d5
 [<ffffffff810ab24a>] generic_file_aio_write+0x6f/0xd0
 [<ffffffff81159a2c>] ext4_file_write+0x38c/0x3c4
 [<ffffffff810e0915>] do_sync_write+0x91/0xd1
 [<ffffffffa00a17f0>] cachefiles_write_page+0x26f/0x310 [cachefiles]
 [<ffffffffa01d470b>] fscache_write_op+0x21e/0x37a [fscache]
 [<ffffffff81455eb2>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x29/0x3e
 [<ffffffffa01d2479>] fscache_op_work_func+0x78/0xd7 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff8104455a>] process_one_work+0x232/0x3a8
 [<ffffffff810444ff>] ? process_one_work+0x1d7/0x3a8
 [<ffffffff81044ee0>] worker_thread+0x214/0x303
 [<ffffffff81044ccc>] ? manage_workers+0x245/0x245
 [<ffffffff81048fbc>] kthread+0xd0/0xd8
 [<ffffffff81455eb2>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x29/0x3e
 [<ffffffff81048eec>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
 [<ffffffff81456aac>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
 [<ffffffff81048eec>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
4 locks held by kworker/u:2/24437:
 #0:  (fscache_operation){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff810444ff>] process_one_work+0x1d7/0x3a8
 #1:  ((&op->work)){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff810444ff>] process_one_work+0x1d7/0x3a8
 #2:  (sb_writers#14){.+.+.+}, at: [<ffffffff810ab22c>] generic_file_aio_write+0x51/0xd0
 #3:  (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#19){+.+.+.}, at: [<ffffffff810ab236>] generic_file_aio_write+0x5b/0x

fscache already tries to cancel pending stores, but it can't cancel a write
for which I/O is already in progress.

An alternative would be to accept writing garbage to the cache under extreme
circumstances and to kill the afflicted cache object if we have to do this.
However, we really need to know how strapped the allocator is before deciding
to do that.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-By: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

The spinlock() within the condition in while() will cause a compile error
if it is not a function. This is not a problem on mainline but it does not
look pretty and there is no reason to do it that way.
That patch writes it a little differently and avoids the double condition.
Signed-off-by: NSebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-By: NMilosz Tanski <milosz@adfin.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

Provide fscache_cancel_op() with a pointer to a function it should invoke under
lock if it cancels an operation.

Use this to clear the remaining page count upon cancellation of a pending
retrieval operation so that fscache_release_retrieval_op() doesn't get an
assertion failure (see below).  This can happen when a signal occurs, say from
CTRL-C being pressed during data retrieval.

FS-Cache: Assertion failed
3 == 0 is false
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at fs/fscache/page.c:237!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#641] SMP
Modules linked in: cachefiles(F) nfsv4(F) nfsv3(F) nfsv2(F) nfs(F) fscache(F) auth_rpcgss(F) nfs_acl(F) lockd(F) sunrpc(F)
CPU 0
Pid: 6075, comm: slurp-q Tainted: GF     D      3.7.0-rc8-fsdevel+ #411                  /DG965RY
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa007f328>]  [<ffffffffa007f328>] fscache_release_retrieval_op+0x75/0xff [fscache]
RSP: 0000:ffff88001c6d7988  EFLAGS: 00010296
RAX: 000000000000000f RBX: ffff880014cdfe00 RCX: ffffffff6c102000
RDX: ffffffff8102d1ad RSI: ffffffff6c102000 RDI: ffffffff8102d1d6
RBP: ffff88001c6d7998 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000fffffe00
R13: ffff88001c6d7ab4 R14: ffff88001a8638a0 R15: ffff88001552b190
FS:  00007f877aaf0700(0000) GS:ffff88003bc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 00007fff11378fd2 CR3: 000000001c6c6000 CR4: 00000000000007f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process slurp-q (pid: 6075, threadinfo ffff88001c6d6000, task ffff88001c6c4080)
Stack:
 ffffffffa007ec07 ffff880014cdfe00 ffff88001c6d79c8 ffffffffa007db4d
 ffffffffa007ec07 ffff880014cdfe00 00000000fffffe00 ffff88001c6d7ab4
 ffff88001c6d7a38 ffffffffa008116d 0000000000000000 ffff88001c6c4080
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffffa007ec07>] ? fscache_cancel_op+0x194/0x1cf [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa007db4d>] fscache_put_operation+0x135/0x2ed [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa007ec07>] ? fscache_cancel_op+0x194/0x1cf [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa008116d>] __fscache_read_or_alloc_pages+0x413/0x4bc [fscache]
 [<ffffffff810ac8ae>] ? __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x195/0x75c
 [<ffffffffa00aab0f>] __nfs_readpages_from_fscache+0x86/0x13d [nfs]
 [<ffffffffa00a5fe0>] nfs_readpages+0x186/0x1bd [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810d23c8>] ? alloc_pages_current+0xc7/0xe4
 [<ffffffff810a68b5>] ? __page_cache_alloc+0x84/0x91
 [<ffffffff810af912>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xa6/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810afaa3>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x237/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810af912>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xa6/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810afe3e>] ra_submit+0x1c/0x20
 [<ffffffff810b019b>] ondemand_readahead+0x359/0x382
 [<ffffffff810b0279>] page_cache_sync_readahead+0x38/0x3a
 [<ffffffff810a77b5>] generic_file_aio_read+0x26b/0x637
 [<ffffffffa00f1852>] ? nfs_mark_delegation_referenced+0xb/0xb [nfsv4]
 [<ffffffffa009cc85>] nfs_file_read+0xaa/0xcf [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810db5b3>] do_sync_read+0x91/0xd1
 [<ffffffff810dbb8b>] vfs_read+0x9b/0x144
 [<ffffffff810dbc78>] sys_read+0x44/0x75
 [<ffffffff81422892>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Mark as cancelled an operation that is in progress rather than pending at the
time it is cancelled, and call fscache_complete_op() to cancel an operation so
that blocked ops can be started.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

In fscache_write_op(), if the object is determined to have become inactive or
to have lost its cookie, we don't move the operation state from in-progress,
and so an assertion in fscache_put_operation() fails with an assertion (see
below).

Instrumenting fscache_op_work_func() indicates that it called
fscache_write_op() before calling fscache_put_operation() - where the assertion
failed.  The assertion at line 433 indicates that the operation state is
IN_PROGRESS rather than being COMPLETE or CANCELLED.

Instrumenting fscache_write_op() showed that it was being called on an object
that had had its cookie removed and that this was due to relinquishment of the
cookie by the netfs.  At this point fscache no longer has access to the pages
of netfs data that were requested to be written, and so simply cancelling the
operation is the thing to do.

FS-Cache: Assertion failed
3 == 5 is false
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at fs/fscache/operation.c:433!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: cachefiles(F) nfsv4(F) nfsv3(F) nfsv2(F) nfs(F) fscache(F) auth_rpcgss(F) nfs_acl(F) lockd(F) sunrpc(F)
CPU 0
Pid: 1035, comm: kworker/u:3 Tainted: GF            3.7.0-rc8-fsdevel+ #411                  /DG965RY
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa007db22>]  [<ffffffffa007db22>] fscache_put_operation+0x11a/0x2ed [fscache]
RSP: 0018:ffff88003e32bcf8  EFLAGS: 00010296
RAX: 000000000000000f RBX: ffff88001818eb78 RCX: ffffffff6c102000
RDX: ffffffff8102d1ad RSI: ffffffff6c102000 RDI: ffffffff8102d1d6
RBP: ffff88003e32bd18 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffffffa00811da
R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000000100625d26 R15: 0000000000000000
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88003bc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 00007fff7dd31c68 CR3: 000000003d730000 CR4: 00000000000007f0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process kworker/u:3 (pid: 1035, threadinfo ffff88003e32a000, task ffff88003bb38080)
Stack:
 ffffffff8102d1ad ffff88001818eb78 ffffffffa00811da 0000000000000001
 ffff88003e32bd48 ffffffffa007f0ad ffff88001818eb78 ffffffff819583c0
 ffff88003df24e00 ffff88003882c3e0 ffff88003e32bde8 ffffffff81042de0
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8102d1ad>] ? vprintk_emit+0x3c6/0x41a
 [<ffffffffa00811da>] ? __fscache_read_or_alloc_pages+0x4bc/0x4bc [fscache]
 [<ffffffffa007f0ad>] fscache_op_work_func+0xec/0x123 [fscache]
 [<ffffffff81042de0>] process_one_work+0x21c/0x3b0
 [<ffffffff81042d82>] ? process_one_work+0x1be/0x3b0
 [<ffffffffa007efc1>] ? fscache_operation_gc+0x23e/0x23e [fscache]
 [<ffffffff8104332e>] worker_thread+0x202/0x2df
 [<ffffffff8104312c>] ? rescuer_thread+0x18e/0x18e
 [<ffffffff81047c1c>] kthread+0xd0/0xd8
 [<ffffffff81421bfa>] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x29/0x3e
 [<ffffffff81047b4c>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
 [<ffffffff814227ec>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
 [<ffffffff81047b4c>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x55/0x55
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

wait_on_bit() with TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE returns 1 rather than a negative error
code, so change what we check for.  This means that the signal handling in
fscache_wait_for_retrieval_activation()  should now work properly.

Without this, the following bug can be seen if CTRL-C is pressed during
fscache read operation:

FS-Cache: Assertion failed
2 == 3 is false
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at fs/fscache/page.c:347!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: cachefiles(F) nfsv4(F) nfsv3(F) nfsv2(F) nfs(F) fscache(F) auth_rpcgss(F) nfs_acl(F) lockd(F) sunrpc(F)
CPU 1
Pid: 15006, comm: slurp-q Tainted: GF            3.7.0-rc8-fsdevel+ #411                  /DG965RY
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa007fcb4>]  [<ffffffffa007fcb4>] fscache_wait_for_retrieval_activation+0x167/0x177 [fscache]
RSP: 0018:ffff88002a4c39a8  EFLAGS: 00010292
RAX: 000000000000001a RBX: ffff88002d3dc158 RCX: 0000000000008685
RDX: ffffffff8102ccd6 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffff8102d1d6
RBP: ffff88002a4c39c8 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: ffffffff8163afa0 R11: ffff88003bd11900 R12: ffffffffa00868c8
R13: ffff880028306458 R14: ffff88002d3dc1b0 R15: ffff88001372e538
FS:  00007f17426a0700(0000) GS:ffff88003bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 00007f1742494a44 CR3: 0000000031bd7000 CR4: 00000000000007e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process slurp-q (pid: 15006, threadinfo ffff88002a4c2000, task ffff880023de3040)
Stack:
 ffff88002d3dc158 ffff88001372e538 ffff88002a4c3ab4 ffff8800283064e0
 ffff88002a4c3a38 ffffffffa0080f6d 0000000000000000 ffff880023de3040
 ffff88002a4c3ac8 ffffffff810ac8ae ffff880028306458 ffff88002a4c3bc8
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffffa0080f6d>] __fscache_read_or_alloc_pages+0x24f/0x4bc [fscache]
 [<ffffffff810ac8ae>] ? __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x195/0x75c
 [<ffffffffa00aab0f>] __nfs_readpages_from_fscache+0x86/0x13d [nfs]
 [<ffffffffa00a5fe0>] nfs_readpages+0x186/0x1bd [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810d23c8>] ? alloc_pages_current+0xc7/0xe4
 [<ffffffff810a68b5>] ? __page_cache_alloc+0x84/0x91
 [<ffffffff810af912>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xa6/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810afaa3>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x237/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810af912>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xa6/0x2e0
 [<ffffffff810afe3e>] ra_submit+0x1c/0x20
 [<ffffffff810b019b>] ondemand_readahead+0x359/0x382
 [<ffffffff810b0279>] page_cache_sync_readahead+0x38/0x3a
 [<ffffffff810a77b5>] generic_file_aio_read+0x26b/0x637
 [<ffffffffa00f1852>] ? nfs_mark_delegation_referenced+0xb/0xb [nfsv4]
 [<ffffffffa009cc85>] nfs_file_read+0xaa/0xcf [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810db5b3>] do_sync_read+0x91/0xd1
 [<ffffffff810dbb8b>] vfs_read+0x9b/0x144
 [<ffffffff810dbc78>] sys_read+0x44/0x75
 [<ffffffff81422892>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

nfs_migrate_page() does not wait for FS-Cache to finish with a page, probably
leading to the following bad-page-state:

 BUG: Bad page state in process python-bin  pfn:17d39b
 page:ffffea00053649e8 flags:004000000000100c count:0 mapcount:0 mapping:(null)
index:38686 (Tainted: G    B      ---------------- )
 Pid: 31053, comm: python-bin Tainted: G    B      ----------------
2.6.32-71.24.1.el6.x86_64 #1
 Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8111bfe7>] bad_page+0x107/0x160
 [<ffffffff8111ee69>] free_hot_cold_page+0x1c9/0x220
 [<ffffffff8111ef19>] __pagevec_free+0x59/0xb0
 [<ffffffff8104b988>] ? flush_tlb_others_ipi+0x128/0x130
 [<ffffffff8112230c>] release_pages+0x21c/0x250
 [<ffffffff8115b92a>] ? remove_migration_pte+0x28a/0x2b0
 [<ffffffff8115f3f8>] ? mem_cgroup_get_reclaim_stat_from_page+0x18/0x70
 [<ffffffff81122687>] ____pagevec_lru_add+0x167/0x180
 [<ffffffff811226f8>] __lru_cache_add+0x58/0x70
 [<ffffffff81122731>] lru_cache_add_lru+0x21/0x40
 [<ffffffff81123f49>] putback_lru_page+0x69/0x100
 [<ffffffff8115c0bd>] migrate_pages+0x13d/0x5d0
 [<ffffffff81122687>] ? ____pagevec_lru_add+0x167/0x180
 [<ffffffff81152ab0>] ? compaction_alloc+0x0/0x370
 [<ffffffff8115255c>] compact_zone+0x4cc/0x600
 [<ffffffff8111cfac>] ? get_page_from_freelist+0x15c/0x820
 [<ffffffff810672f4>] ? check_preempt_wakeup+0x1c4/0x3c0
 [<ffffffff8115290e>] compact_zone_order+0x7e/0xb0
 [<ffffffff81152a49>] try_to_compact_pages+0x109/0x170
 [<ffffffff8111e94d>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x5ed/0x850
 [<ffffffff814c9136>] ? thread_return+0x4e/0x778
 [<ffffffff81150d43>] alloc_pages_vma+0x93/0x150
 [<ffffffff81167ea5>] do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page+0x135/0x340
 [<ffffffff814cb6f6>] ? rwsem_down_read_failed+0x26/0x30
 [<ffffffff81136755>] handle_mm_fault+0x245/0x2b0
 [<ffffffff814ce383>] do_page_fault+0x123/0x3a0
 [<ffffffff814cbdf5>] page_fault+0x25/0x30

nfs_migrate_page() calls nfs_fscache_release_page() which doesn't actually wait
- even if __GFP_WAIT is set.  The reason that doesn't wait is that
fscache_maybe_release_page() might deadlock the allocator as the work threads
writing to the cache may all end up sleeping on memory allocation.

However, I wonder if that is actually a problem.  There are a number of things
I can do to deal with this:

 (1) Make nfs_migrate_page() wait.

 (2) Make fscache_maybe_release_page() honour the __GFP_WAIT flag.

 (3) Set a timeout around the wait.

 (4) Make nfs_migrate_page() return an error if the page is still busy.

For the moment, I'll select (2) and (4).
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

CacheFiles is missing some calls to fscache_retrieval_complete() in the error
handling/collision paths of its reader functions.

This can be seen by the following assertion tripping in fscache_put_operation()
whereby the operation being destroyed is still in the in-progress state and has
not been cancelled or completed:

FS-Cache: Assertion failed
3 == 5 is false
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at fs/fscache/operation.c:408!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
CPU 2
Modules linked in: xfs ioatdma dca loop joydev evdev
psmouse dcdbas pcspkr serio_raw i5000_edac edac_core i5k_amb shpchp
pci_hotplug sg sr_mod]

Pid: 8062, comm: httpd Not tainted 3.1.0-rc8 #1 Dell Inc. PowerEdge 1950/0DT097
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81197b24>]  [<ffffffff81197b24>] fscache_put_operation+0x304/0x330
RSP: 0018:ffff880062f739d8  EFLAGS: 00010296
RAX: 0000000000000025 RBX: ffff8800c5122e84 RCX: ffffffff81ddf040
RDX: 00000000ffffffff RSI: 0000000000000082 RDI: ffffffff81ddef30
RBP: ffff880062f739f8 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff8800c5122e40
R13: ffff880037a2cd20 R14: ffff880087c7a058 R15: ffff880087c7a000
FS:  00007f63dcf636e0(0000) GS:ffff88022fc80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f0c0a91f000 CR3: 0000000062ec2000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process httpd (pid: 8062, threadinfo ffff880062f72000, task ffff880087e58000)
Stack:
 ffff880062f73bf8 0000000000000000 ffff880062f73bf8 ffff880037a2cd20
 ffff880062f73a68 ffffffff8119aa7e ffff88006540e000 ffff880062f73ad4
 ffff88008e9a4308 ffff880037a2cd20 ffff880062f73a48 ffff8800c5122e40
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8119aa7e>] __fscache_read_or_alloc_pages+0x1fe/0x530
 [<ffffffff81250780>] __nfs_readpages_from_fscache+0x70/0x1c0
 [<ffffffff8123142a>] nfs_readpages+0xca/0x1e0
 [<ffffffff815f3c06>] ? rpc_do_put_task+0x36/0x50
 [<ffffffff8122755b>] ? alloc_nfs_open_context+0x4b/0x110
 [<ffffffff815ecd1a>] ? rpc_call_sync+0x5a/0x70
 [<ffffffff810e7e9a>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x1ca/0x270
 [<ffffffff810e7f61>] ra_submit+0x21/0x30
 [<ffffffff810e818d>] ondemand_readahead+0x11d/0x250
 [<ffffffff810e83b6>] page_cache_sync_readahead+0x36/0x60
 [<ffffffff810dffa4>] generic_file_aio_read+0x454/0x770
 [<ffffffff81224ce1>] nfs_file_read+0xe1/0x130
 [<ffffffff81121bd9>] do_sync_read+0xd9/0x120
 [<ffffffff8114088f>] ? mntput+0x1f/0x40
 [<ffffffff811238cb>] ? fput+0x1cb/0x260
 [<ffffffff81122938>] vfs_read+0xc8/0x180
 [<ffffffff81122af5>] sys_read+0x55/0x90
Reported-by: NMark Moseley <moseleymark@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Provide a proper invalidation method rather than relying on the netfs retiring
the cookie it has and getting a new one.  The problem with this is that isn't
easy for the netfs to make sure that it has completed/cancelled all its
outstanding storage and retrieval operations on the cookie it is retiring.

Instead, have the cache provide an invalidation method that will cancel or wait
for all currently outstanding operations before invalidating the cache, and
will cause new operations to queue up behind that.  Whilst invalidation is in
progress, some requests will be rejected until the cache can stack a barrier on
the operation queue to cause new operations to be deferred behind it.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Fix the state management of internal fscache operations and the accounting of
what operations are in what states.

This is done by:

 (1) Give struct fscache_operation a enum variable that directly represents the
     state it's currently in, rather than spreading this knowledge over a bunch
     of flags, who's processing the operation at the moment and whether it is
     queued or not.

     This makes it easier to write assertions to check the state at various
     points and to prevent invalid state transitions.

 (2) Add an 'operation complete' state and supply a function to indicate the
     completion of an operation (fscache_op_complete()) and make things call
     it.  The final call to fscache_put_operation() can then check that an op
     in the appropriate state (complete or cancelled).

 (3) Adjust the use of object->n_ops, ->n_in_progress, ->n_exclusive to better
     govern the state of an object:

	(a) The ->n_ops is now the number of extant operations on the object
	    and is now decremented by fscache_put_operation() only.

	(b) The ->n_in_progress is simply the number of objects that have been
	    taken off of the object's pending queue for the purposes of being
	    run.  This is decremented by fscache_op_complete() only.

	(c) The ->n_exclusive is the number of exclusive ops that have been
	    submitted and queued or are in progress.  It is decremented by
	    fscache_op_complete() and by fscache_cancel_op().

     fscache_put_operation() and fscache_operation_gc() now no longer try to
     clean up ->n_exclusive and ->n_in_progress.  That was leading to double
     decrements against fscache_cancel_op().

     fscache_cancel_op() now no longer decrements ->n_ops.  That was leading to
     double decrements against fscache_put_operation().

     fscache_submit_exclusive_op() now decides whether it has to queue an op
     based on ->n_in_progress being > 0 rather than ->n_ops > 0 as the latter
     will persist in being true even after all preceding operations have been
     cancelled or completed.  Furthermore, if an object is active and there are
     runnable ops against it, there must be at least one op running.

 (4) Add a remaining-pages counter (n_pages) to struct fscache_retrieval and
     provide a function to record completion of the pages as they complete.

     When n_pages reaches 0, the operation is deemed to be complete and
     fscache_op_complete() is called.

     Add calls to fscache_retrieval_complete() anywhere we've finished with a
     page we've been given to read or allocate for.  This includes places where
     we just return pages to the netfs for reading from the server and where
     accessing the cache fails and we discard the proposed netfs page.

The bugs in the unfixed state management manifest themselves as oopses like the
following where the operation completion gets out of sync with return of the
cookie by the netfs.  This is possible because the cache unlocks and returns
all the netfs pages before recording its completion - which means that there's
nothing to stop the netfs discarding them and returning the cookie.


FS-Cache: Cookie 'NFS.fh' still has outstanding reads
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at fs/fscache/cookie.c:519!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
CPU 1
Modules linked in: cachefiles nfs fscache auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd sunrpc

Pid: 400, comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 3.1.0-rc7-fsdevel+ #1090                  /DG965RY
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa007050a>]  [<ffffffffa007050a>] __fscache_relinquish_cookie+0x170/0x343 [fscache]
RSP: 0018:ffff8800368cfb00  EFLAGS: 00010282
RAX: 000000000000003c RBX: ffff880023cc8790 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000002f2e RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffff813ab86c
RBP: ffff8800368cfb50 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: ffff88003a1b7890 R11: ffff88001df6e488 R12: ffff880023d8ed98
R13: ffff880023cc8798 R14: 0000000000000004 R15: ffff88003b8bf370
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88003bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 00000000008ba008 CR3: 0000000023d93000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process kswapd0 (pid: 400, threadinfo ffff8800368ce000, task ffff88003b8bf040)
Stack:
 ffff88003b8bf040 ffff88001df6e528 ffff88001df6e528 ffffffffa00b46b0
 ffff88003b8bf040 ffff88001df6e488 ffff88001df6e620 ffffffffa00b46b0
 ffff88001ebd04c8 0000000000000004 ffff8800368cfb70 ffffffffa00b2c91
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffffa00b2c91>] nfs_fscache_release_inode_cookie+0x3b/0x47 [nfs]
 [<ffffffffa008f25f>] nfs_clear_inode+0x3c/0x41 [nfs]
 [<ffffffffa0090df1>] nfs4_evict_inode+0x2f/0x33 [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810d8d47>] evict+0xa1/0x15c
 [<ffffffff810d8e2e>] dispose_list+0x2c/0x38
 [<ffffffff810d9ebd>] prune_icache_sb+0x28c/0x29b
 [<ffffffff810c56b7>] prune_super+0xd5/0x140
 [<ffffffff8109b615>] shrink_slab+0x102/0x1ab
 [<ffffffff8109d690>] balance_pgdat+0x2f2/0x595
 [<ffffffff8103e009>] ? process_timeout+0xb/0xb
 [<ffffffff8109dba3>] kswapd+0x270/0x289
 [<ffffffff8104c5ea>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x46/0x46
 [<ffffffff8109d933>] ? balance_pgdat+0x595/0x595
 [<ffffffff8104bf7a>] kthread+0x7f/0x87
 [<ffffffff813ad6b4>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
 [<ffffffff81026b98>] ? finish_task_switch+0x45/0xc0
 [<ffffffff813abcdd>] ? retint_restore_args+0xe/0xe
 [<ffffffff8104befb>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x53/0x53
 [<ffffffff813ad6b0>] ? gs_change+0xb/0xb
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Downgrade the requirements passed to the allocator in the gfp flags parameter.
FS-Cache/CacheFiles can handle OOM conditions simply by aborting the attempt to
store an object or a page in the cache.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Under some circumstances CacheFiles defers the marking of pages with PG_fscache
so that it can take advantage of pagevecs to reduce the number of calls to
fscache_mark_pages_cached() and the netfs's hook to keep track of this.

There are, however, two problems with this:

 (1) It can lead to the PG_fscache mark being applied _after_ the page is set
     PG_uptodate and unlocked (by the call to fscache_end_io()).

 (2) CacheFiles's ref on the page is dropped immediately following
     fscache_end_io() - and so may not still be held when the mark is applied.
     This can lead to the page being passed back to the allocator before the
     mark is applied.

Fix this by, where appropriate, marking the page before calling
fscache_end_io() and releasing the page.  This means that we can't take
advantage of pagevecs and have to make a separate call for each page to the
marking routines.

The symptoms of this are Bad Page state errors cropping up under memory
pressure, for example:

BUG: Bad page state in process tar  pfn:002da
page:ffffea0000009fb0 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping:          (null) index:0x1447
page flags: 0x1000(private_2)
Pid: 4574, comm: tar Tainted: G        W   3.1.0-rc4-fsdevel+ #1064
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8109583c>] ? dump_page+0xb9/0xbe
 [<ffffffff81095916>] bad_page+0xd5/0xea
 [<ffffffff81095d82>] get_page_from_freelist+0x35b/0x46a
 [<ffffffff810961f3>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x362/0x662
 [<ffffffff810989da>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0x13a/0x267
 [<ffffffff81098942>] ? __do_page_cache_readahead+0xa2/0x267
 [<ffffffff81098d7b>] ra_submit+0x1c/0x20
 [<ffffffff8109900a>] ondemand_readahead+0x28b/0x29a
 [<ffffffff81098ee2>] ? ondemand_readahead+0x163/0x29a
 [<ffffffff810990ce>] page_cache_sync_readahead+0x38/0x3a
 [<ffffffff81091d8a>] generic_file_aio_read+0x2ab/0x67e
 [<ffffffffa008cfbe>] nfs_file_read+0xa4/0xc9 [nfs]
 [<ffffffff810c22c4>] do_sync_read+0xba/0xfa
 [<ffffffff81177a47>] ? security_file_permission+0x7b/0x84
 [<ffffffff810c25dd>] ? rw_verify_area+0xab/0xc8
 [<ffffffff810c29a4>] vfs_read+0xaa/0x13a
 [<ffffffff810c2a79>] sys_read+0x45/0x6c
 [<ffffffff813ac37b>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b

As can be seen, PG_private_2 (== PG_fscache) is set in the page flags.

Instrumenting fscache_mark_pages_cached() to verify whether page->mapping was
set appropriately showed that sometimes it wasn't.  This led to the discovery
that sometimes the page has apparently been reclaimed by the time the marker
got to see it.
Reported-by: NM. Stevens <m@tippett.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>

The compiler, at least for ix86 and m68k, validly warns that the
comparison:

	next <= (loff_t)-1

is always true (and it's always true also for x86-64 and probably all
other arches - as long as pgoff_t isn't wider than loff_t).  The
intention appears to be to avoid wrapping of "next", so rather than
eliminating the pointless comparison, fix the loop to indeed get exited
when "next" would otherwise wrap.

On m68k the following warning is observed:

  fs/fscache/page.c: In function '__fscache_uncache_all_inode_pages':
  fs/fscache/page.c:979: warning: comparison is always false due to limited range of data type
Reported-by: NGeert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Reported-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NJan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Suresh Jayaraman <sjayaraman@suse.de>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add an FS-Cache helper to bulk uncache pages on an inode.  This will
only work for the circumstance where the pages in the cache correspond
1:1 with the pages attached to an inode's page cache.

This is required for CIFS and NFS: When disabling inode cookie, we were
returning the cookie and setting cifsi->fscache to NULL but failed to
invalidate any previously mapped pages.  This resulted in "Bad page
state" errors and manifested in other kind of errors when running
fsstress.  Fix it by uncaching mapped pages when we disable the inode
cookie.

This patch should fix the following oops and "Bad page state" errors
seen during fsstress testing.

  ------------[ cut here ]------------
  kernel BUG at fs/cachefiles/namei.c:201!
  invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
  Pid: 5, comm: kworker/u:0 Not tainted 2.6.38.7-30.fc15.x86_64 #1 Bochs Bochs
  RIP: 0010: cachefiles_walk_to_object+0x436/0x745 [cachefiles]
  RSP: 0018:ffff88002ce6dd00  EFLAGS: 00010282
  RAX: ffff88002ef165f0 RBX: ffff88001811f500 RCX: 0000000000000000
  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000100 RDI: 0000000000000282
  RBP: ffff88002ce6dda0 R08: 0000000000000100 R09: ffffffff81b3a300
  R10: 0000ffff00066c0a R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff88002ae54840
  R13: ffff88002ae54840 R14: ffff880029c29c00 R15: ffff88001811f4b0
  FS:  00007f394dd32720(0000) GS:ffff88002ef00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
  CR2: 00007fffcb62ddf8 CR3: 000000001825f000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
  DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
  DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
  Process kworker/u:0 (pid: 5, threadinfo ffff88002ce6c000, task ffff88002ce55cc0)
  Stack:
   0000000000000246 ffff88002ce55cc0 ffff88002ce6dd58 ffff88001815dc00
   ffff8800185246c0 ffff88001811f618 ffff880029c29d18 ffff88001811f380
   ffff88002ce6dd50 ffffffff814757e4 ffff88002ce6dda0 ffffffff8106ac56
  Call Trace:
   cachefiles_lookup_object+0x78/0xd4 [cachefiles]
   fscache_lookup_object+0x131/0x16d [fscache]
   fscache_object_work_func+0x1bc/0x669 [fscache]
   process_one_work+0x186/0x298
   worker_thread+0xda/0x15d
   kthread+0x84/0x8c
   kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
  RIP  cachefiles_walk_to_object+0x436/0x745 [cachefiles]
  ---[ end trace 1d481c9af1804caa ]---

I tested the uncaching by the following means:

 (1) Create a big file on my NFS server (104857600 bytes).

 (2) Read the file into the cache with md5sum on the NFS client.  Look in
     /proc/fs/fscache/stats:

	Pages  : mrk=25601 unc=0

 (3) Open the file for read/write ("bash 5<>/warthog/bigfile").  Look in proc
     again:

	Pages  : mrk=25601 unc=25601
Reported-by: NJeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-and-Tested-by: NSuresh Jayaraman <sjayaraman@suse.de>
cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There is no CONFIG_WORKQUEUE_DEBUGFS any more, so this code is dead.
Signed-off-by: NWANG Cong <amwang@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Make fscache operation to use only workqueue instead of combination of
workqueue and slow-work.  FSCACHE_OP_SLOW is dropped and
FSCACHE_OP_FAST is renamed to FSCACHE_OP_ASYNC and uses newly added
fscache_op_wq workqueue to execute op->processor().
fscache_operation_init_slow() is dropped and fscache_operation_init()
now takes @processor argument directly.

* Unbound workqueue is used.

* fscache_retrieval_work() is no longer necessary as OP_ASYNC now does
  the equivalent thing.

* sysctl fscache.operation_max_active added to control concurrency.
  The default value is nr_cpus clamped between 2 and
  WQ_UNBOUND_MAX_ACTIVE.

* debugfs support is dropped for now.  Tracing API based debug
  facility is planned to be added.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

fscache_write_op() makes unnecessary checks of the page variable to see if it
is NULL.  It can't be NULL at those points as the kernel would already have
crashed a little higher up where we examined page->index.

Furthermore, unless radix_tree_gang_lookup_tag() can return 1 but no page, a
NULL pointer crash should not be encountered there as we can only get there if
r_t_g_l_t() returned 1.
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

include cleanup: Update gfp.h and slab.h includes to prepare for breaking implicit slab.h inclusion from percpu.h

percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files.  percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.

percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed.  Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability.  As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.

  http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py

The script does the followings.

* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
  only the necessary includes are there.  ie. if only gfp is used,
  gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.

* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
  blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
  to its surrounding.  It's put in the include block which contains
  core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
  alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
  doesn't seem to be any matching order.

* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
  because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
  an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
  file.

The conversion was done in the following steps.

1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
   over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
   and ~3000 slab.h inclusions.  The script emitted errors for ~400
   files.

2. Each error was manually checked.  Some didn't need the inclusion,
   some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
   embedding .c file was more appropriate for others.  This step added
   inclusions to around 150 files.

3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
   from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.

4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
   e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
   APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.

5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
   editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
   files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell.  Most gfp.h
   inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
   wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros.  Each
   slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
   necessary.

6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.

7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
   were fixed.  CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
   distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
   more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
   build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).

   * x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
   * powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
   * ia64 SMP allmodconfig
   * s390 SMP allmodconfig
   * alpha SMP allmodconfig
   * um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig

8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
   a separate patch and serve as bisection point.

Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: NTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: NChristoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>

Sparse complained about this missing spin_unlock()
Signed-off-by: NDan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Start processing an object's operations when that object moves into the DYING
state as the object cannot be destroyed until all its outstanding operations
have completed.

Furthermore, make sure that read and allocation operations handle being woken
up on a dead object.  Such events are recorded in the Allocs.abt and
Retrvls.abt statistics as viewable through /proc/fs/fscache/stats.

The code for waiting for object activation for the read and allocation
operations is also extracted into its own function as it is much the same in
all cases, differing only in the stats incremented.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Handle netfs pages that the vmscan algorithm wants to evict from the pagecache
under OOM conditions, but that are waiting for write to the cache.  Under these
conditions, vmscan calls the releasepage() function of the netfs, asking if a
page can be discarded.

The problem is typified by the following trace of a stuck process:

	kslowd005     D 0000000000000000     0  4253      2 0x00000080
	 ffff88001b14f370 0000000000000046 ffff880020d0d000 0000000000000007
	 0000000000000006 0000000000000001 ffff88001b14ffd8 ffff880020d0d2a8
	 000000000000ddf0 00000000000118c0 00000000000118c0 ffff880020d0d2a8
	Call Trace:
	 [<ffffffffa00782d8>] __fscache_wait_on_page_write+0x8b/0xa7 [fscache]
	 [<ffffffff8104c0f1>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x34
	 [<ffffffffa0078240>] ? __fscache_check_page_write+0x63/0x70 [fscache]
	 [<ffffffffa00b671d>] nfs_fscache_release_page+0x4e/0xc4 [nfs]
	 [<ffffffffa00927f0>] nfs_release_page+0x3c/0x41 [nfs]
	 [<ffffffff810885d3>] try_to_release_page+0x32/0x3b
	 [<ffffffff81093203>] shrink_page_list+0x316/0x4ac
	 [<ffffffff8109372b>] shrink_inactive_list+0x392/0x67c
	 [<ffffffff813532fa>] ? __mutex_unlock_slowpath+0x100/0x10b
	 [<ffffffff81058df0>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x10c/0x130
	 [<ffffffff8135330e>] ? mutex_unlock+0x9/0xb
	 [<ffffffff81093aa2>] shrink_list+0x8d/0x8f
	 [<ffffffff81093d1c>] shrink_zone+0x278/0x33c
	 [<ffffffff81052d6c>] ? ktime_get_ts+0xad/0xba
	 [<ffffffff81094b13>] try_to_free_pages+0x22e/0x392
	 [<ffffffff81091e24>] ? isolate_pages_global+0x0/0x212
	 [<ffffffff8108e743>] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x3dc/0x5cf
	 [<ffffffff81089529>] grab_cache_page_write_begin+0x65/0xaa
	 [<ffffffff8110f8c0>] ext3_write_begin+0x78/0x1eb
	 [<ffffffff81089ec5>] generic_file_buffered_write+0x109/0x28c
	 [<ffffffff8103cb69>] ? current_fs_time+0x22/0x29
	 [<ffffffff8108a509>] __generic_file_aio_write+0x350/0x385
	 [<ffffffff8108a588>] ? generic_file_aio_write+0x4a/0xae
	 [<ffffffff8108a59e>] generic_file_aio_write+0x60/0xae
	 [<ffffffff810b2e82>] do_sync_write+0xe3/0x120
	 [<ffffffff8104c0f1>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x34
	 [<ffffffff810b18e1>] ? __dentry_open+0x1a5/0x2b8
	 [<ffffffff810b1a76>] ? dentry_open+0x82/0x89
	 [<ffffffffa00e693c>] cachefiles_write_page+0x298/0x335 [cachefiles]
	 [<ffffffffa0077147>] fscache_write_op+0x178/0x2c2 [fscache]
	 [<ffffffffa0075656>] fscache_op_execute+0x7a/0xd1 [fscache]
	 [<ffffffff81082093>] slow_work_execute+0x18f/0x2d1
	 [<ffffffff8108239a>] slow_work_thread+0x1c5/0x308
	 [<ffffffff8104c0f1>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x34
	 [<ffffffff810821d5>] ? slow_work_thread+0x0/0x308
	 [<ffffffff8104be91>] kthread+0x7a/0x82
	 [<ffffffff8100beda>] child_rip+0xa/0x20
	 [<ffffffff8100b87c>] ? restore_args+0x0/0x30
	 [<ffffffff8102ef83>] ? tg_shares_up+0x171/0x227
	 [<ffffffff8104be17>] ? kthread+0x0/0x82
	 [<ffffffff8100bed0>] ? child_rip+0x0/0x20

In the above backtrace, the following is happening:

 (1) A page storage operation is being executed by a slow-work thread
     (fscache_write_op()).

 (2) FS-Cache farms the operation out to the cache to perform
     (cachefiles_write_page()).

 (3) CacheFiles is then calling Ext3 to perform the actual write, using Ext3's
     standard write (do_sync_write()) under KERNEL_DS directly from the netfs
     page.

 (4) However, for Ext3 to perform the write, it must allocate some memory, in
     particular, it must allocate at least one page cache page into which it
     can copy the data from the netfs page.

 (5) Under OOM conditions, the memory allocator can't immediately come up with
     a page, so it uses vmscan to find something to discard
     (try_to_free_pages()).

 (6) vmscan finds a clean netfs page it might be able to discard (possibly the
     one it's trying to write out).

 (7) The netfs is called to throw the page away (nfs_release_page()) - but it's
     called with __GFP_WAIT, so the netfs decides to wait for the store to
     complete (__fscache_wait_on_page_write()).

 (8) This blocks a slow-work processing thread - possibly against itself.

The system ends up stuck because it can't write out any netfs pages to the
cache without allocating more memory.

To avoid this, we make FS-Cache cancel some writes that aren't in the middle of
actually being performed.  This means that some data won't make it into the
cache this time.  To support this, a new FS-Cache function is added
fscache_maybe_release_page() that replaces what the netfs releasepage()
functions used to do with respect to the cache.

The decisions fscache_maybe_release_page() makes are counted and displayed
through /proc/fs/fscache/stats on a line labelled "VmScan".  There are four
counters provided: "nos=N" - pages that weren't pending storage; "gon=N" -
pages that were pending storage when we first looked, but weren't by the time
we got the object lock; "bsy=N" - pages that we ignored as they were actively
being written when we looked; and "can=N" - pages that we cancelled the storage
of.

What I'd really like to do is alter the behaviour of the cancellation
heuristics, depending on how necessary it is to expel pages.  If there are
plenty of other pages that aren't waiting to be written to the cache that
could be ejected first, then it would be nice to hold up on immediate
cancellation of cache writes - but I don't see a way of doing that.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Don't delete pending pages from the page-store tracking tree, but rather send
them for another write as they've presumably been updated.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

FS-Cache has two structs internally for keeping track of the internal state of
a cached file: the fscache_cookie struct, which represents the netfs's state,
and fscache_object struct, which represents the cache's state.  Each has a
pointer that points to the other (when both are in existence), and each has a
spinlock for pointer maintenance.

Since netfs operations approach these structures from the cookie side, they get
the cookie lock first, then the object lock.  Cache operations, on the other
hand, approach from the object side, and get the object lock first.  It is not
then permitted for a cache operation to get the cookie lock whilst it is
holding the object lock lest deadlock occur; instead, it must do one of two
things:

 (1) increment the cookie usage counter, drop the object lock and then get both
     locks in order, or

 (2) simply hold the object lock as certain parts of the cookie may not be
     altered whilst the object lock is held.

It is also not permitted to follow either pointer without holding the lock at
the end you start with.  To break the pointers between the cookie and the
object, both locks must be held.

fscache_write_op(), however, violates the locking rules: It attempts to get the
cookie lock without (a) checking that the cookie pointer is a valid pointer,
and (b) holding the object lock to protect the cookie pointer whilst it follows
it.  This is so that it can access the pending page store tree without
interference from __fscache_write_page().

This is fixed by splitting the cookie lock, such that the page store tracking
tree is protected by its own lock, and checking that the cookie pointer is
non-NULL before we attempt to follow it whilst holding the object lock.

The new lock is subordinate to both the cookie lock and the object lock, and so
should be taken after those.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Permit the operations to retrieve data from the cache or to allocate space in
the cache for future writes to be interrupted whilst they're waiting for
permission for the operation to proceed.  Typically this wait occurs whilst the
cache object is being looked up on disk in the background.

If an interruption occurs, and the operation has not yet been given the
go-ahead to run, the operation is dequeued and cancelled, and control returns
to the read operation of the netfs routine with none of the requested pages
having been read or in any way marked as known by the cache.

This means that the initial wait is done interruptibly rather than
uninterruptibly.

In addition, extra stats values are made available to show the number of ops
cancelled and the number of cache space allocations interrupted.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Count entries to and exits from cache operation table functions.  Maintain
these as a single counter that's added to or removed from as appropriate.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Allow the current state of all fscache objects to be dumped by doing:

	cat /proc/fs/fscache/objects

By default, all objects and all fields will be shown.  This can be restricted
by adding a suitable key to one of the caller's keyrings (such as the session
keyring):

	keyctl add user fscache:objlist "<restrictions>" @s

The <restrictions> are:

	K	Show hexdump of object key (don't show if not given)
	A	Show hexdump of object aux data (don't show if not given)

And paired restrictions:

	C	Show objects that have a cookie
	c	Show objects that don't have a cookie
	B	Show objects that are busy
	b	Show objects that aren't busy
	W	Show objects that have pending writes
	w	Show objects that don't have pending writes
	R	Show objects that have outstanding reads
	r	Show objects that don't have outstanding reads
	S	Show objects that have slow work queued
	s	Show objects that don't have slow work queued

If neither side of a restriction pair is given, then both are implied.  For
example:

	keyctl add user fscache:objlist KB @s

shows objects that are busy, and lists their object keys, but does not dump
their auxiliary data.  It also implies "CcWwRrSs", but as 'B' is given, 'b' is
not implied.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Annotate slow-work runqueue proc lines for FS-Cache work items.  Objects
include the object ID and the state.  Operations include the object ID, the
operation ID and the operation type and state.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>

Implement the data I/O part of the FS-Cache netfs API.  The documentation and
API header file were added in a previous patch.

This patch implements the following functions for the netfs to call:

 (*) fscache_attr_changed().

     Indicate that the object has changed its attributes.  The only attribute
     currently recorded is the file size.  Only pages within the set file size
     will be stored in the cache.

     This operation is submitted for asynchronous processing, and will return
     immediately.  It will return -ENOMEM if an out of memory error is
     encountered, -ENOBUFS if the object is not actually cached, or 0 if the
     operation is successfully queued.

 (*) fscache_read_or_alloc_page().
 (*) fscache_read_or_alloc_pages().

     Request data be fetched from the disk, and allocate internal metadata to
     track the netfs pages and reserve disk space for unknown pages.

     These operations perform semi-asynchronous data reads.  Upon returning
     they will indicate which pages they think can be retrieved from disk, and
     will have set in progress attempts to retrieve those pages.

     These will return, in order of preference, -ENOMEM on memory allocation
     error, -ERESTARTSYS if a signal interrupted proceedings, -ENODATA if one
     or more requested pages are not yet cached, -ENOBUFS if the object is not
     actually cached or if there isn't space for future pages to be cached on
     this object, or 0 if successful.

     In the case of the multipage function, the pages for which reads are set
     in progress will be removed from the list and the page count decreased
     appropriately.

     If any read operations should fail, the completion function will be given
     an error, and will also be passed contextual information to allow the
     netfs to fall back to querying the server for the absent pages.

     For each successful read, the page completion function will also be
     called.

     Any pages subsequently tracked by the cache will have PG_fscache set upon
     them on return.  fscache_uncache_page() must be called for such pages.

     If supplied by the netfs, the mark_pages_cached() cookie op will be
     invoked for any pages now tracked.

 (*) fscache_alloc_page().

     Allocate internal metadata to track a netfs page and reserve disk space.

     This will return -ENOMEM on memory allocation error, -ERESTARTSYS on
     signal, -ENOBUFS if the object isn't cached, or there isn't enough space
     in the cache, or 0 if successful.

     Any pages subsequently tracked by the cache will have PG_fscache set upon
     them on return.  fscache_uncache_page() must be called for such pages.

     If supplied by the netfs, the mark_pages_cached() cookie op will be
     invoked for any pages now tracked.

 (*) fscache_write_page().

     Request data be stored to disk.  This may only be called on pages that
     have been read or alloc'd by the above three functions and have not yet
     been uncached.

     This will return -ENOMEM on memory allocation error, -ERESTARTSYS on
     signal, -ENOBUFS if the object isn't cached, or there isn't immediately
     enough space in the cache, or 0 if successful.

     On a successful return, this operation will have queued the page for
     asynchronous writing to the cache.  The page will be returned with
     PG_fscache_write set until the write completes one way or another.  The
     caller will not be notified if the write fails due to an I/O error.  If
     that happens, the object will become available and all pending writes will
     be aborted.

     Note that the cache may batch up page writes, and so it may take a while
     to get around to writing them out.

     The caller must assume that until PG_fscache_write is cleared the page is
     use by the cache.  Any changes made to the page may be reflected on disk.
     The page may even be under DMA.

 (*) fscache_uncache_page().

     Indicate that the cache should stop tracking a page previously read or
     alloc'd from the cache.  If the page was alloc'd only, but unwritten, it
     will not appear on disk.
Signed-off-by: NDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NSteve Dickson <steved@redhat.com>
Acked-by: NTrond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Acked-by: NAl Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Tested-by: NDaire Byrne <Daire.Byrne@framestore.com>