background-task-dev-guide.md

# Background Task Management Development

## When to Use

If a service needs to be continued when the application or service module is running in the background (not visible to users), the application or service module can request a transient task or continuous task for delayed suspension based on the service type.

## Transient Tasks

### Available APIs

**Table 1** Main APIs for transient tasks

| API                                     | Description                                      |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| requestSuspendDelay(reason: string, callback: Callback&lt;void&gt;): [DelaySuspendInfo](../reference/apis/js-apis-backgroundTaskManager.md#delaysuspendinfo) | Requests delayed suspension after the application switches to the background.<br>The default duration value of delayed suspension is 180000 when the battery level is normal and 60000 when the battery level is low.|
| getRemainingDelayTime(requestId: number): Promise&lt;number&gt; | Obtains the remaining duration before the application is suspended.<br>This API uses a promise to return the result.  |
| cancelSuspendDelay(requestId: number): void | Cancels the suspension delay.                                 |


### How to Develop


1. Request a suspension delay.

    ```js
    import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';

    let myReason = 'test requestSuspendDelay';
    let delayInfo = backgroundTaskManager.requestSuspendDelay(myReason, () => {
        console.info("Request suspension delay will time out.");
    });

    var id = delayInfo.requestId;
    console.info("requestId is: " + id);
    ```


2. Obtain the remaining duration before the application is suspended.

    ```js
    backgroundTaskManager.getRemainingDelayTime(id).then( res => {
        console.log('promise => Operation getRemainingDelayTime succeeded. Data: ' + JSON.stringify(res));
    }).catch( err => {
        console.log('promise => Operation getRemainingDelayTime failed. Cause: ' + err.code);
    });
    ```


3. Cancel the suspension delay.

    ```js
    backgroundTaskManager.cancelSuspendDelay(id);
    ```


### Development Examples

```js
import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
let myReason = 'test requestSuspendDelay';

// Request a suspension delay.
let delayInfo = backgroundTaskManager.requestSuspendDelay(myReason, () => {
    console.info("Request suspension delay will time out.");
});

// Print the suspension delay information.
var id = delayInfo.requestId;
var time = delayInfo.actualDelayTime;
console.info("The requestId is: " + id);
console.info("The actualDelayTime is: " + time);

// Obtain the remaining duration before the application is suspended.
backgroundTaskManager.getRemainingDelayTime(id).then( res => {
    console.log('promise => Operation getRemainingDelayTime succeeded. Data: ' + JSON.stringify(res));
}).catch( err => {
    console.log('promise => Operation getRemainingDelayTime failed. Cause: ' + err.code);
});

// Cancel the suspension delay.
backgroundTaskManager.cancelSuspendDelay(id);
```

## Continuous Tasks

### Required Permissions

ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING

### Available APIs

**Table 2** Main APIs for continuous tasks

| API                                     | Description                          |
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| startBackgroundRunning(context: Context, bgMode: BackgroundMode, wantAgent: WantAgent): Promise&lt;void&gt; | Requests a continuous task from the system so that the application keeps running in the background.|
| stopBackgroundRunning(context: Context): Promise&lt;void&gt; | Cancels the continuous task.                |


For details about **wantAgent**, see [WantAgent](../reference/apis/js-apis-wantAgent.md).

**Table 3** Background modes

| Name                    | ID | Description            | Configuration Item                  |
| ----------------------- | ---- | -------------- | --------------------- |
| DATA_TRANSFER           | 1    | Data transfer.          | dataTransfer          |
| AUDIO_PLAYBACK          | 2    | Audio playback.          | audioPlayback         |
| AUDIO_RECORDING         | 3    | Audio recording.            | audioRecording        |
| LOCATION                | 4    | Positioning and navigation.          | location              |
| BLUETOOTH_INTERACTION   | 5    | Bluetooth-related task.          | bluetoothInteraction  |
| MULTI_DEVICE_CONNECTION | 6    | Multi-device connection.         | multiDeviceConnection |
| WIFI_INTERACTION        | 7    | WLAN-related task (reserved).  | wifiInteraction       |
| VOIP                    | 8    | Voice and video call (reserved).   | voip                  |
| TASK_KEEPING            | 9    | Computing task (for specific devices only).| taskKeeping           |


### How to Develop

Development on the FA model:

1. Create an API version 8 project. Then right-click the project directory and choose **New > Ability > Service Ability** to create a Service ability. Configure the continuous task permission and background mode type in the **config.json** file, with the ability type set to **service**.

    ```
    "module": {
      "package": "com.example.myapplication",
      "abilities": [
        {
          "backgroundModes": [
            "dataTransfer",
            "location"
          ], // Background mode
          "type": "service"  // The ability type is service.
        }
      ],
      "reqPermissions": [
        {
          "name": "ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING" // Continuous task permission
        }
      ]
    }
    ```

2. Request a continuous task.

    ```js
    import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
    import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
    import wantAgent from '@ohos.wantAgent';

    let wantAgentInfo = {
        wants: [
            {
                bundleName: "com.example.myapplication",
                abilityName: "com.example.myapplication.MainAbility"
            }
        ],
        operationType: wantAgent.OperationType.START_ABILITY,
        requestCode: 0,
        wantAgentFlags: [wantAgent.WantAgentFlags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG]
    };

    // Obtain the WantAgent object by using the getWantAgent API of the wantAgent module.
    wantAgent.getWantAgent(wantAgentInfo).then((wantAgentObj) => {
        backgroundTaskManager.startBackgroundRunning(featureAbility.getContext(),
            backgroundTaskManager.BackgroundMode.DATA_TRANSFER, wantAgentObj).then(() => {
            console.info("Operation startBackgroundRunning succeeded");
        }).catch((err) => {
            console.error("Operation startBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
        });
    });
    ```

3. Cancel the continuous task.

    ```js
    import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
    import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';

    backgroundTaskManager.stopBackgroundRunning(featureAbility.getContext()).then(() => {
        console.info("Operation stopBackgroundRunning succeeded");
    }).catch((err) => {
        console.error("Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
    });

    ```

Development on the stage model:

1. Create an API version 9 project. Then right-click the project directory and choose **New > Ability** to create an ability. Configure the continuous task permission and background mode type in the **module.json5** file.

    ```
    "module": {
      "abilities": [
        {
          "backgroundModes": [
            "dataTransfer",
            "location"
          ], // Background mode
        }
      ],
      "requestPermissions": [
        {
          "name": "ohos.permission.KEEP_BACKGROUND_RUNNING" // Continuous task permission
        }
      ]
    }
    ```

2. Request a continuous task.

    ```ts
    import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
    import wantAgent from '@ohos.wantAgent';

    let wantAgentInfo = {
        wants: [
            {
                bundleName: "com.example.myapplication",
                abilityName: "com.example.myapplication.MainAbility"
            }
        ],
        operationType: wantAgent.OperationType.START_ABILITY,
        requestCode: 0,
        wantAgentFlags: [wantAgent.WantAgentFlags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG]
    };

    // Obtain the WantAgent object by using the getWantAgent API of the wantAgent module.
    wantAgent.getWantAgent(wantAgentInfo).then((wantAgentObj) => {
        backgroundTaskManager.startBackgroundRunning(this.context,
            backgroundTaskManager.BackgroundMode.DATA_TRANSFER, wantAgentObj).then(() => {
            console.info("Operation startBackgroundRunning succeeded");
        }).catch((err) => {
            console.error("Operation startBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
        });
    });
    ```

3. Cancel the continuous task.

    ```ts
    import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';

    backgroundTaskManager.stopBackgroundRunning(this.context).then(() => {
        console.info("Operation stopBackgroundRunning succeeded");
    }).catch((err) => {
        console.error("Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
    });

    ```


### Development Examples

Development on the FA model:

For details about how to use the Service ability in the FA model, see [Service Ability Development](../ability/fa-serviceability.md).

If an application does not need to interact with a continuous task in the background, you can use **startAbility()** to start the Service ability. In the **onStart** callback of the Service ability, call **startBackgroundRunning()** to declare that the Service ability needs to run in the background for a long time. After the task execution is complete, call **stopBackgroundRunning()** to release resources.

If an application needs to interact with a continuous task in the background (for example, an application related to music playback), you can use **connectAbility()** to start and connect to the Service ability. After obtaining the proxy of the Service ability, the application can communicate with the Service ability and control the request and cancellation of continuous tasks.

```js
import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
import featureAbility from '@ohos.ability.featureAbility';
import wantAgent from '@ohos.wantAgent';
import rpc from "@ohos.rpc";

function startBackgroundRunning() {
    let wantAgentInfo = {
        // List of operations to be executed after the notification is clicked.
        wants: [
            {
                bundleName: "com.example.myapplication",
                abilityName: "com.example.myapplication.MainAbility"
            }
        ],
        // Type of the operation to perform after the notification is clicked.
        operationType: wantAgent.OperationType.START_ABILITY,
        // Custom request code.
        requestCode: 0,
        // Execution attribute of the operation to perform after the notification is clicked.
        wantAgentFlags: [wantAgent.WantAgentFlags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG]
    };

    // Obtain the WantAgent object by using the getWantAgent API of the wantAgent module.
    wantAgent.getWantAgent(wantAgentInfo).then((wantAgentObj) => {
        backgroundTaskManager.startBackgroundRunning(featureAbility.getContext(),
            backgroundTaskManager.BackgroundMode.DATA_TRANSFER, wantAgentObj).then(() => {
            console.info("Operation startBackgroundRunning succeeded");
        }).catch((err) => {
            console.error("Operation startBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
        });
    });
}

function stopBackgroundRunning() {
    backgroundTaskManager.stopBackgroundRunning(featureAbility.getContext()).then(() => {
        console.info("Operation stopBackgroundRunning succeeded");
    }).catch((err) => {
        console.error("Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
    });
}

let mMyStub;

class MyStub extends rpc.RemoteObject {
    constructor(des) {
        if (typeof des === 'string') {
            super(des);
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }
    onRemoteRequest(code, data, reply, option) {
        console.log('ServiceAbility onRemoteRequest called');
        // The meaning of code is user-defined.
        if (code === 1) {
            // Received the request code for requesting a continuous task.
            startContinuousTask();
            // Execute the continuous task.
        } else if (code === 2) {
            // Received the request code for canceling the continuous task.
            stopContinuousTask();
        } else {
            console.log('ServiceAbility unknown request code');
        }
        return true;
    }
}

export default {
    onStart(want) {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onStart');
        mMyStub = new MyStub("ServiceAbility-test");
        startBackgroundRunning();
        // Execute a specific continuous task in the background.
        stopBackgroundRunning();
    },
    onStop() {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onStop');
    },
    onConnect(want) {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onConnect');
        return mMyStub;
    },
    onReconnect(want) {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onReconnect');
    },
    onDisconnect() {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onDisconnect');
    },
    onCommand(want, restart, startId) {
        console.info('ServiceAbility onCommand');
    }
};
```

Development on the stage model:

For details about the stage model, see [Stage Model Overview](../ability/stage-brief.md).
If an application needs to run a continuous task in the background, you can use **Call** to create and run an ability in the background. For details, see [Call Development](../ability/stage-call.md).

```ts
import Ability from '@ohos.application.Ability'
import backgroundTaskManager from '@ohos.backgroundTaskManager';
import wantAgent from '@ohos.wantAgent';

let mContext = null;

function startContinuousTask() {
    let wantAgentInfo = {
        // List of operations to be executed after the notification is clicked.
        wants: [
            {
                bundleName: "com.example.myapplication",
                abilityName: "com.example.myapplication.MainAbility"
            }
        ],
        // Type of the operation to perform after the notification is clicked.
        operationType: wantAgent.OperationType.START_ABILITY,
        // Custom request code.
        requestCode: 0,
        // Execution attribute of the operation to perform after the notification is clicked.
        wantAgentFlags: [wantAgent.WantAgentFlags.UPDATE_PRESENT_FLAG]
    };

    // Obtain the WantAgent object by using the getWantAgent API of the wantAgent module.
    wantAgent.getWantAgent(wantAgentInfo).then((wantAgentObj) => {
        backgroundTaskManager.startBackgroundRunning(mContext,
            backgroundTaskManager.BackgroundMode.DATA_TRANSFER, wantAgentObj).then(() => {
            console.info("Operation startBackgroundRunning succeeded");
        }).catch((err) => {
            console.error("Operation startBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
        });
    });
}

function stopContinuousTask() {
    backgroundTaskManager.stopBackgroundRunning(mContext).then(() => {
        console.info("Operation stopBackgroundRunning succeeded");
    }).catch((err) => {
        console.error("Operation stopBackgroundRunning failed Cause: " + err);
    });
}

class MySequenceable {
    num: number = 0;
    str: String = "";

    constructor(num, string) {
        this.num = num;
        this.str = string;
    }

    marshalling(messageParcel) {
        messageParcel.writeInt(this.num);
        messageParcel.writeString(this.str);
        return true;
    }

    unmarshalling(messageParcel) {
        this.num = messageParcel.readInt();
        this.str = messageParcel.readString();
        return true;
    }
}

function sendMsgCallback(data) {
    console.info('BgTaskAbility funcCallBack is called ' + data)
    let receivedData = new Mysequenceable(0, "")
    data.readSequenceable(receivedData)
    console.info(`receiveData[${receivedData.num}, ${receivedData.str}]`)
    if (receivedData.str === 'start_bgtask') {
        startContinuousTask()
    } else if (receivedData.str === 'stop_bgtask') {
        stopContinuousTask();
    }
    return new Mysequenceable(10, "Callee test");
}

export default class BgTaskAbility extends Ability {
    onCreate(want, launchParam) {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onCreate")
        this.callee.on("test", sendMsgCallback);

        try {
            this.callee.on(MSG_SEND_METHOD, sendMsgCallback)
        } catch (error) {
            console.error(`${MSG_SEND_METHOD} register failed with error ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
        }
        mContext = this.context;
    }

    onDestroy() {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onDestroy")
    }

    onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onWindowStageCreate")

        windowStage.loadContent("pages/second").then((data)=> {
            console.info(`load content succeed with data ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)
        }).catch((error)=>{
            console.error(`load content failed with error ${JSON.stringify(error)}`)
        })
    }

    onWindowStageDestroy() {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onWindowStageDestroy")
    }

    onForeground() {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onForeground")
    }

    onBackground() {
        console.info("[Demo] BgTaskAbility onBackground")
    }
};
```