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  1. 17 2月, 2014 4 次提交
    • M
      net: sctp: Fix a_rwnd/rwnd management to reflect real state of the receiver's buffer · ef2820a7
      由 Matija Glavinic Pecotic 提交于 
      Implementation of (a)rwnd calculation might lead to severe performance issues
and associations completely stalling. These problems are described and solution
is proposed which improves lksctp's robustness in congestion state.

1) Sudden drop of a_rwnd and incomplete window recovery afterwards

Data accounted in sctp_assoc_rwnd_decrease takes only payload size (sctp data),
but size of sk_buff, which is blamed against receiver buffer, is not accounted
in rwnd. Theoretically, this should not be the problem as actual size of buffer
is double the amount requested on the socket (SO_RECVBUF). Problem here is
that this will have bad scaling for data which is less then sizeof sk_buff.
E.g. in 4G (LTE) networks, link interfacing radio side will have a large portion
of traffic of this size (less then 100B).

An example of sudden drop and incomplete window recovery is given below. Node B
exhibits problematic behavior. Node A initiates association and B is configured
to advertise rwnd of 10000. A sends messages of size 43B (size of typical sctp
message in 4G (LTE) network). On B data is left in buffer by not reading socket
in userspace.

Lets examine when we will hit pressure state and declare rwnd to be 0 for
scenario with above stated parameters (rwnd == 10000, chunk size == 43, each
chunk is sent in separate sctp packet)

Logic is implemented in sctp_assoc_rwnd_decrease:

socket_buffer (see below) is maximum size which can be held in socket buffer
(sk_rcvbuf). current_alloced is amount of data currently allocated (rx_count)

A simple expression is given for which it will be examined after how many
packets for above stated parameters we enter pressure state:

We start by condition which has to be met in order to enter pressure state:

	socket_buffer < currently_alloced;

currently_alloced is represented as size of sctp packets received so far and not
yet delivered to userspace. x is the number of chunks/packets (since there is no
bundling, and each chunk is delivered in separate packet, we can observe each
chunk also as sctp packet, and what is important here, having its own sk_buff):

	socket_buffer < x*each_sctp_packet;

each_sctp_packet is sctp chunk size + sizeof(struct sk_buff). socket_buffer is
twice the amount of initially requested size of socket buffer, which is in case
of sctp, twice the a_rwnd requested:

	2*rwnd < x*(payload+sizeof(struc sk_buff));

sizeof(struct sk_buff) is 190 (3.13.0-rc4+). Above is stated that rwnd is 10000
and each payload size is 43

	20000 < x(43+190);

	x > 20000/233;

	x ~> 84;

After ~84 messages, pressure state is entered and 0 rwnd is advertised while
received 84*43B ~= 3612B sctp data. This is why external observer notices sudden
drop from 6474 to 0, as it will be now shown in example:

IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [INIT] [init tag: 1875509148] [rwnd: 81920] [OS: 10] [MIS: 65535] [init TSN: 1096057017]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [INIT ACK] [init tag: 3198966556] [rwnd: 10000] [OS: 10] [MIS: 10] [init TSN: 902132839]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [COOKIE ECHO]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [COOKIE ACK]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057017] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 0] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057017] [a_rwnd 9957] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057018] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 1] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057018] [a_rwnd 9957] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057019] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 2] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057019] [a_rwnd 9914] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
<...>
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057098] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 81] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057098] [a_rwnd 6517] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057099] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 82] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057099] [a_rwnd 6474] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057100] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 83] [PPID 0x18]

--> Sudden drop

IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057100] [a_rwnd 0] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

At this point, rwnd_press stores current rwnd value so it can be later restored
in sctp_assoc_rwnd_increase. This however doesn't happen as condition to start
slowly increasing rwnd until rwnd_press is returned to rwnd is never met. This
condition is not met since rwnd, after it hit 0, must first reach rwnd_press by
adding amount which is read from userspace. Let us observe values in above
example. Initial a_rwnd is 10000, pressure was hit when rwnd was ~6500 and the
amount of actual sctp data currently waiting to be delivered to userspace
is ~3500. When userspace starts to read, sctp_assoc_rwnd_increase will be blamed
only for sctp data, which is ~3500. Condition is never met, and when userspace
reads all data, rwnd stays on 3569.

IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057100] [a_rwnd 1505] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057100] [a_rwnd 3010] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057101] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 84] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057101] [a_rwnd 3569] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> At this point userspace read everything, rwnd recovered only to 3569

IP A.34340 > B.12345: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 1096057102] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 85] [PPID 0x18]
IP B.12345 > A.34340: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 1096057102] [a_rwnd 3569] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

Reproduction is straight forward, it is enough for sender to send packets of
size less then sizeof(struct sk_buff) and receiver keeping them in its buffers.

2) Minute size window for associations sharing the same socket buffer

In case multiple associations share the same socket, and same socket buffer
(sctp.rcvbuf_policy == 0), different scenarios exist in which congestion on one
of the associations can permanently drop rwnd of other association(s).

Situation will be typically observed as one association suddenly having rwnd
dropped to size of last packet received and never recovering beyond that point.
Different scenarios will lead to it, but all have in common that one of the
associations (let it be association from 1)) nearly depleted socket buffer, and
the other association blames socket buffer just for the amount enough to start
the pressure. This association will enter pressure state, set rwnd_press and
announce 0 rwnd.
When data is read by userspace, similar situation as in 1) will occur, rwnd will
increase just for the size read by userspace but rwnd_press will be high enough
so that association doesn't have enough credit to reach rwnd_press and restore
to previous state. This case is special case of 1), being worse as there is, in
the worst case, only one packet in buffer for which size rwnd will be increased.
Consequence is association which has very low maximum rwnd ('minute size', in
our case down to 43B - size of packet which caused pressure) and as such
unusable.

Scenario happened in the field and labs frequently after congestion state (link
breaks, different probabilities of packet drop, packet reordering) and with
scenario 1) preceding. Here is given a deterministic scenario for reproduction:

>From node A establish two associations on the same socket, with rcvbuf_policy
being set to share one common buffer (sctp.rcvbuf_policy == 0). On association 1
repeat scenario from 1), that is, bring it down to 0 and restore up. Observe
scenario 1). Use small payload size (here we use 43). Once rwnd is 'recovered',
bring it down close to 0, as in just one more packet would close it. This has as
a consequence that association number 2 is able to receive (at least) one more
packet which will bring it in pressure state. E.g. if association 2 had rwnd of
10000, packet received was 43, and we enter at this point into pressure,
rwnd_press will have 9957. Once payload is delivered to userspace, rwnd will
increase for 43, but conditions to restore rwnd to original state, just as in
1), will never be satisfied.

--> Association 1, between A.y and B.12345

IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [INIT] [init tag: 836880897] [rwnd: 10000] [OS: 10] [MIS: 65535] [init TSN: 4032536569]
IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [INIT ACK] [init tag: 2873310749] [rwnd: 81920] [OS: 10] [MIS: 10] [init TSN: 3799315613]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [COOKIE ECHO]
IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [COOKIE ACK]

--> Association 2, between A.z and B.12346

IP A.55915 > B.12346: sctp (1) [INIT] [init tag: 534798321] [rwnd: 10000] [OS: 10] [MIS: 65535] [init TSN: 2099285173]
IP B.12346 > A.55915: sctp (1) [INIT ACK] [init tag: 516668823] [rwnd: 81920] [OS: 10] [MIS: 10] [init TSN: 3676403240]
IP A.55915 > B.12346: sctp (1) [COOKIE ECHO]
IP B.12346 > A.55915: sctp (1) [COOKIE ACK]

--> Deplete socket buffer by sending messages of size 43B over association 1

IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315613] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 0] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315613] [a_rwnd 9957] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

<...>

IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315696] [a_rwnd 6388] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315697] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 84] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315697] [a_rwnd 6345] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> Sudden drop on 1

IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315698] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 85] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315698] [a_rwnd 0] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> Here userspace read, rwnd 'recovered' to 3698, now deplete again using
    association 1 so there is place in buffer for only one more packet

IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315799] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 186] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315799] [a_rwnd 86] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315800] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 187] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315800] [a_rwnd 43] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> Socket buffer is almost depleted, but there is space for one more packet,
    send them over association 2, size 43B

IP B.12346 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3676403240] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 0] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12346: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3676403240] [a_rwnd 0] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> Immediate drop

IP A.60995 > B.12346: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 387491510] [a_rwnd 0] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

--> Read everything from the socket, both association recover up to maximum rwnd
    they are capable of reaching, note that association 1 recovered up to 3698,
    and association 2 recovered only to 43

IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315800] [a_rwnd 1548] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315800] [a_rwnd 3053] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP B.12345 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3799315801] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 188] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12345: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3799315801] [a_rwnd 3698] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]
IP B.12346 > A.55915: sctp (1) [DATA] (B)(E) [TSN: 3676403241] [SID: 0] [SSEQ 1] [PPID 0x18]
IP A.55915 > B.12346: sctp (1) [SACK] [cum ack 3676403241] [a_rwnd 43] [#gap acks 0] [#dup tsns 0]

A careful reader might wonder why it is necessary to reproduce 1) prior
reproduction of 2). It is simply easier to observe when to send packet over
association 2 which will push association into the pressure state.

Proposed solution:

Both problems share the same root cause, and that is improper scaling of socket
buffer with rwnd. Solution in which sizeof(sk_buff) is taken into concern while
calculating rwnd is not possible due to fact that there is no linear
relationship between amount of data blamed in increase/decrease with IP packet
in which payload arrived. Even in case such solution would be followed,
complexity of the code would increase. Due to nature of current rwnd handling,
slow increase (in sctp_assoc_rwnd_increase) of rwnd after pressure state is
entered is rationale, but it gives false representation to the sender of current
buffer space. Furthermore, it implements additional congestion control mechanism
which is defined on implementation, and not on standard basis.

Proposed solution simplifies whole algorithm having on mind definition from rfc:

o  Receiver Window (rwnd): This gives the sender an indication of the space
   available in the receiver's inbound buffer.

Core of the proposed solution is given with these lines:

sctp_assoc_rwnd_update:
	if ((asoc->base.sk->sk_rcvbuf - rx_count) > 0)
		asoc->rwnd = (asoc->base.sk->sk_rcvbuf - rx_count) >> 1;
	else
		asoc->rwnd = 0;

We advertise to sender (half of) actual space we have. Half is in the braces
depending whether you would like to observe size of socket buffer as SO_RECVBUF
or twice the amount, i.e. size is the one visible from userspace, that is,
from kernelspace.
In this way sender is given with good approximation of our buffer space,
regardless of the buffer policy - we always advertise what we have. Proposed
solution fixes described problems and removes necessity for rwnd restoration
algorithm. Finally, as proposed solution is simplification, some lines of code,
along with some bytes in struct sctp_association are saved.

Version 2 of the patch addressed comments from Vlad. Name of the function is set
to be more descriptive, and two parts of code are changed, in one removing the
superfluous call to sctp_assoc_rwnd_update since call would not result in update
of rwnd, and the other being reordering of the code in a way that call to
sctp_assoc_rwnd_update updates rwnd. Version 3 corrected change introduced in v2
in a way that existing function is not reordered/copied in line, but it is
correctly called. Thanks Vlad for suggesting.
Signed-off-by: NMatija Glavinic Pecotic <matija.glavinic-pecotic.ext@nsn.com>
Reviewed-by: NAlexander Sverdlin <alexander.sverdlin@nsn.com>
Acked-by: NVlad Yasevich <vyasevich@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
      ef2820a7
    • D
      ipv4: distinguish EHOSTUNREACH from the ENETUNREACH · cd0f0b95
      由 Duan Jiong 提交于 
      since commit 251da413("ipv4: Cache ip_error() routes even when not forwarding."),
the counter IPSTATS_MIB_INADDRERRORS can't work correctly, because the value of
err was always set to ENETUNREACH.
Signed-off-by: NDuan Jiong <duanj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
      cd0f0b95
    • H
      hyperv: Fix the carrier status setting · 891de74d
      由 Haiyang Zhang 提交于 
      Without this patch, the "cat /sys/class/net/ethN/operstate" shows
"unknown", and "ethtool ethN" shows "Link detected: yes", when VM
boots up with or without vNIC connected.

This patch fixed the problem.
Signed-off-by: NHaiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Reviewed-by: NK. Y. Srinivasan <kys@microsoft.com>
Acked-by: NJason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
      891de74d
    • G
      dccp: re-enable debug macro · 09db3080
      由 Gerrit Renker 提交于 
      dccp tfrc: revert

This reverts 6aee49c5 ("dccp: make local variable static") since
the variable tfrc_debug is referenced by the tfrc_pr_debug(fmt, ...)
macro when TFRC debugging is enabled. If it is enabled, use of the
macro produces a compilation error.
Signed-off-by: NGerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
Signed-off-by: NDavid S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
      09db3080
  3. 15 2月, 2014 3 次提交
  5. 14 2月, 2014 24 次提交
  7. 12 2月, 2014 4 次提交
    • O
      can: kvaser_usb: check number of channels returned by HW · 862474f8
      由 Olivier Sobrie 提交于 
      It is needed to check the number of channels returned by the HW because it
cannot be greater than MAX_NET_DEVICES otherwise it will crash.
Signed-off-by: NOlivier Sobrie <olivier@sobrie.be>
Cc: linux-stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: NMarc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
      862474f8
    • L
      Merge tag 'microblaze-3.14-rc3' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze · 738b52bb
      由 Linus Torvalds 提交于 
      Pull microblaze fixes from Michal Simek:
 - Fix two compilation issues - HZ, readq/writeq
 - Fix stack protection support

* tag 'microblaze-3.14-rc3' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze:
  microblaze: Fix a typo when disabling stack protection
  microblaze: Define readq and writeq IO helper function
  microblaze: Fix missing HZ macro
      738b52bb
    • L
      Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux · a87af778
      由 Linus Torvalds 提交于 
      Pull s390 bugfixes from Martin Schwidefsky:
 "A collection a bug fixes.  Most of them are minor but two of them are
  more severe.  The linkage stack bug can be used by user space to force
  an oops, with panic_on_oops this is a denial-of-service.  And the dump
  memory detection issue can cause incomplete memory dumps"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux:
  s390/cio: improve cio_commit_config
  s390: fix kernel crash due to linkage stack instructions
  s390/dump: Fix dump memory detection
  s390/appldata: restore missing init_virt_timer()
  s390/qdio: correct program-controlled interruption checking
  s390/qdio: for_each macro correctness
      a87af778
    • L
      Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net · 16e5a2ed
      由 Linus Torvalds 提交于 
      Pull networking updates from David Miller:

 1) Fix flexcan build on big endian, from Arnd Bergmann

 2) Correctly attach cpsw to GPIO bitbang MDIO drive, from Stefan Roese

 3) udp_add_offload has to use GFP_ATOMIC since it can be invoked from
    non-sleepable contexts.  From Or Gerlitz

 4) vxlan_gro_receive() does not iterate over all possible flows
    properly, fix also from Or Gerlitz

 5) CAN core doesn't use a proper SKB destructor when it hooks up
    sockets to SKBs.  Fix from Oliver Hartkopp

 6) ip_tunnel_xmit() can use an uninitialized route pointer, fix from
    Eric Dumazet

 7) Fix address family assignment in IPVS, from Michal Kubecek

 8) Fix ath9k build on ARM, from Sujith Manoharan

 9) Make sure fail_over_mac only applies for the correct bonding modes,
    from Ding Tianhong

10) The udp offload code doesn't use RCU correctly, from Shlomo Pongratz

11) Handle gigabit features properly in generic PHY code, from Florian
    Fainelli

12) Don't blindly invoke link operations in
    rtnl_link_get_slave_info_data_size, they are optional.  Fix from
    Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao

13) Add USB IDs for Netgear Aircard 340U, from Bjørn Mork

14) Handle netlink packet padding properly in openvswitch, from Thomas
    Graf

15) Fix oops when deleting chains in nf_tables, from Patrick McHardy

16) Fix RX stalls in xen-netback driver, from Zoltan Kiss

17) Fix deadlock in mac80211 stack, from Emmanuel Grumbach

18) inet_nlmsg_size() forgets to consider ifa_cacheinfo, fix from Geert
    Uytterhoeven

19) tg3_change_mtu() can deadlock, fix from Nithin Sujir

20) Fix regression in setting SCTP local source addresses on accepted
    sockets, caused by some generic ipv6 socket changes.  Fix from
    Matija Glavinic Pecotic

21) IPPROTO_* must be pure defines, otherwise module aliases don't get
    constructed properly.  Fix from Jan Moskyto

22) IPV6 netconsole setup doesn't work properly unless an explicit
    source address is specified, fix from Sabrina Dubroca

23) Use __GFP_NORETRY for high order skb page allocations in
    sock_alloc_send_pskb and skb_page_frag_refill.  From Eric Dumazet

24) Fix a regression added in netconsole over bridging, from Cong Wang

25) TCP uses an artificial offset of 1ms for SRTT, but this doesn't jive
    well with TCP pacing which needs the SRTT to be accurate.  Fix from
    Eric Dumazet

26) Several cases of missing header file includes from Rashika Kheria

27) Add ZTE MF667 device ID to qmi_wwan driver, from Raymond Wanyoike

28) TCP Small Queues doesn't handle nonagle properly in some corner
    cases, fix from Eric Dumazet

29) Remove extraneous read_unlock in bond_enslave, whoops.  From Ding
    Tianhong

30) Fix 9p trans_virtio handling of vmalloc buffers, from Richard Yao

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (136 commits)
  6lowpan: fix lockdep splats
  alx: add missing stats_lock spinlock init
  9p/trans_virtio.c: Fix broken zero-copy on vmalloc() buffers
  bonding: remove unwanted bond lock for enslave processing
  USB2NET : SR9800 : One chip USB2.0 USB2NET SR9800 Device Driver Support
  tcp: tsq: fix nonagle handling
  bridge: Prevent possible race condition in br_fdb_change_mac_address
  bridge: Properly check if local fdb entry can be deleted when deleting vlan
  bridge: Properly check if local fdb entry can be deleted in br_fdb_delete_by_port
  bridge: Properly check if local fdb entry can be deleted in br_fdb_change_mac_address
  bridge: Fix the way to check if a local fdb entry can be deleted
  bridge: Change local fdb entries whenever mac address of bridge device changes
  bridge: Fix the way to find old local fdb entries in br_fdb_change_mac_address
  bridge: Fix the way to insert new local fdb entries in br_fdb_changeaddr
  bridge: Fix the way to find old local fdb entries in br_fdb_changeaddr
  tcp: correct code comment stating 3 min timeout for FIN_WAIT2, we only do 1 min
  net: vxge: Remove unused device pointer
  net: qmi_wwan: add ZTE MF667
  3c59x: Remove unused pointer in vortex_eisa_cleanup()
  net: fix 'ip rule' iif/oif device rename
  ...
      16e5a2ed
  9. 11 2月, 2014 5 次提交