Previously we were flushing dirty caps by passing an extra flag
when traversing the delayed caps list.  Besides being a bit ugly,
that can also miss caps that are dirty but didn't result in a
cap requeue: notably, mark_caps_dirty().

Separate the flushing into a separate helper, and traverse the
cap_dirty list.

This also brings i_dirty_item in line with i_dirty_caps: we are
on the list IFF caps != 0.  We carry an inode ref IFF
dirty_caps|flushing_caps != 0.

Lose the unused return value from __ceph_mark_caps_dirty().
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

This avoids the fugly pass by reference and makes the code a bit easier
to read.
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

The MDS (metadata server) client is responsible for submitting
requests to the MDS cluster and parsing the response.  We decide which
MDS to submit each request to based on cached information about the
current partition of the directory hierarchy across the cluster.  A
stateful session is opened with each MDS before we submit requests to
it, and a mutex is used to control the ordering of messages within
each session.

An MDS request may generate two responses.  The first indicates the
operation was a success and returns any result.  A second reply is
sent when the operation commits to disk.  Note that locking on the MDS
ensures that the results of updates are visible only to the updating
client before the operation commits.  Requests are linked to the
containing directory so that an fsync will wait for them to commit.

If an MDS fails and/or recovers, we resubmit requests as needed.  We
also reconnect existing capabilities to a recovering MDS to
reestablish that shared session state.  Old dentry leases are
invalidated.
Signed-off-by: NSage Weil <sage@newdream.net>